介詞as的用法

1、1.表示好像表示好像。如:Hedressedasapoliceman.2.表示作為當(dāng)作表示作為當(dāng)作。如：Ifoundajobasaguide.3.當(dāng)某人是某身份時(shí)當(dāng)某人是某身份時(shí)。如：Asachild,shewassenttoabroad.4.as引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)大多引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)大多用作用作狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ),as譯譯為為“作為作為”;少數(shù)情況可少數(shù)情況可引起賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)引起賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如:AsaPartymember,Illtaketheleadineverything.(狀語(yǔ))Sheworksasamodel.(狀語(yǔ))Shehasmeasoneofherbestfriends.(引起賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))1表示

2、表示與與-等同。如：等同。如：Thisdressistwiceasexpensiveasthatone.2像，如等。如：像，如等。如：Asbefore,heremainedunmoved.常用常用來(lái)連接主句和狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)連接主句和狀語(yǔ)從句方式狀語(yǔ)從句方式狀語(yǔ)從句原因狀語(yǔ)從句原因狀語(yǔ)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句比較狀語(yǔ)從句比較狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句1)as引導(dǎo)行為方式狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),意為“如同”“按照的方式(樣子,辦法)”這種從句常位于主句之后例如: You must try to hold the tool as I do. 你必須像我這樣拿工具 Leave the things as t

3、hey are. 別動(dòng)這些東西 We must do as the Party tells us (to do). 我們必須按照黨的指示辦事 2)(just) asso結(jié)構(gòu)中位于句首，這時(shí)as從句帶有比喻的含義，意思是“正如”，“就像”，多用于正式文體 。例如： Always do to the others as you would be done by. As water is to fish, so air is to man. Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. as

4、表示原因引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，常與because，for，since辨析。because 表示直接原因，常用來(lái)回答why的提問(wèn)；since因?yàn)?，既然，表示顯然的或已知的理由；for因?yàn)?，由于，表示附加的或推斷的理由，不放句首；as由于，鑒于，從句說(shuō)明原因，主句說(shuō)明結(jié)果，為常用詞。1 Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada，_this was a memory she especially treasured. A. as B. if C. when D. where 2 A man cannot s

5、mile like a child，_ a child smiles with his eyes，while a man smiles with his lips alone. A. so B. but C. and D. for 3 _ all of you knows the news，I wont tell you about it again. A. For B. Since C. When D. Unless as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，譯為“雖然，盡管”。as作此用法時(shí)，常與though，although比較。as 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，必須倒裝，把名詞（省略冠詞）、作表語(yǔ)的形容詞、副詞或

6、動(dòng)詞原形提到句首，用法與though相似，不同的是though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句可以倒裝，可以不倒裝；although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句不倒裝，且多置于句首。 如 Child as he is，he knows a lot.(名詞提到as之前，且省去冠詞)。 Much as he likes the bicycle，he wont buy it.(副詞much提到句首) Improbable as it seems，its true.(作表語(yǔ)的形容詞提到句首) Object as you may，Ill go.（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的動(dòng)詞原形提到句首） 當(dāng)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，句子的倒裝語(yǔ)序有以下三種

7、形式：(1). 形容詞或副詞+as+主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞be或?qū)嵙x動(dòng)詞。例如：Rich as he is, he never spends a cent on clothes. 雖然他很富有，但他從不花一分錢在衣服上。Much as I admire his courage, I dont think he acted wisely. 我雖然佩服他的勇氣，但我認(rèn)為他這樣做是不聰明的。(2). 名詞+as+主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞be (注意句首的名詞不帶冠詞)。例如：Child as he is, he knows a lot. 盡管他是個(gè)孩子，但懂很多事情。Boy as he was, he was cho

8、sen king. 盡管他還是個(gè)孩子，但卻被立為國(guó)王。(3). 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞+as+主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞如果沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞，則要加上一個(gè)do (does或did)。例如：Try as he may, he never succeeds. 盡管他很努力，但總是不成功。Change your mind as you will, you will gain no additional support. 即使你改變主意，你也不會(huì)得到另外的支持。as引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句,用于“as.as.或 not so/ as.as.”中,前一個(gè)as是副詞,后一個(gè)as是連詞，意為“如(不如)一樣”。如:(1). You hate her

9、 as much as I (=as I hate her).(2). I dont speak English so/ as well as he does.注意：句中連詞as后面的代詞實(shí)際是省略了與主句相同的部分，即例(1)可以寫成You hate her as much as I hate her. 如果很明顯就能看出所省略的部分，意義不會(huì)含糊不清時(shí)，在口語(yǔ)中也可以用代詞的賓格形式。例：At your age you cant expect to play football as well as me (= as I do).但例(1)就不能改I為me，改后意思就變?yōu)椋篩ou hate

10、her as much as you hate me. 你恨她像恨我一樣深;而原句的意思為：你恨她像我恨她一樣深。as可表示時(shí)間，譯為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。as作此用法時(shí)，常與when，while比較。when后的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)既可是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，又可是短暫性動(dòng)詞，而while后必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；as側(cè)重于主句與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，常譯為“一邊一邊”。 如 ：WhenWhile he worked in the factory，he learned a lot from the workers. 當(dāng)他在那個(gè)工廠工作的時(shí)候，他從工人那兒學(xué)到了很多。（work為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞）

11、 He jumped up when she called. 當(dāng)她打電話來(lái)的時(shí)候，他跳了起來(lái)。（call為短暫性動(dòng)詞）As作關(guān)系代詞時(shí)可引導(dǎo)：作關(guān)系代詞時(shí)可引導(dǎo)：限定性定語(yǔ)從句限定性定語(yǔ)從句非限定性定語(yǔ)從句非限定性定語(yǔ)從句1 1引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，用在，用在“suchsuchas”,“the as”,“the samesameas”as”，“asasas”as”等結(jié)構(gòu)中，常譯作等結(jié)構(gòu)中，常譯作“像一樣的人像一樣的人( (或物或物)”)”，“凡是的人凡是的人( (或物或物)”)”。例eg：He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was他曾希

12、望做一個(gè)像雷鋒那樣的人。My hometown is no longer the same as it was我的家鄉(xiāng)再也不像過(guò)去一樣了。注意such.as.與such.that.的區(qū)別 such.as. 引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，as后的定語(yǔ)從句缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)等句子成分，而such.that.為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，that后必須是一個(gè)完整的句子，意為“如此以至于”。 如: The teacher set such a difficult problem as none of us worked out. (as后為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞problem在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)work out的賓語(yǔ)) The teache

13、r set such a difficult problem that none of us worked it out. (that后為一個(gè)完整的句子，句意為老師問(wèn)了一個(gè)如此難的問(wèn)題，以至于我們都答不出來(lái)) the same.as.和the same.that.的區(qū)別the same.as.“相同的”，指的是同一類，而非同一個(gè)；the same.that.“同樣的”，指的是同一個(gè)。 如 :This is the same watch as I bought in the department store. 這塊表跟我在商店里買的一樣。（指的是同一類，并非同一塊） This is the sa

14、me watch that I lost in the hotel yesterday. 這就是我昨天丟在旅店的表。（指同一塊表） 2引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，用來(lái)指代它前面的整個(gè)，用來(lái)指代它前面的整個(gè)句子句子(即先行句即先行句)，意思是，意思是“正如，這一點(diǎn)”。 （動(dòng)詞常為know, see, expect, point out, etc.）這個(gè)這個(gè)分句可以位于句首、句中或句末。分句可以位于句首、句中或句末。eg：Asiswellknown，oceanscovermorethan70oftheearth我們知道，海洋占地球面積的百分之七十以上。(as作主語(yǔ)）Asweallkn

15、ow,smokingisharmfultooneshealth.(as作賓語(yǔ))as引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)：asweallknowasisknowntousall眾所周知asishopedexpectedannounced.正如希望預(yù)料宣布的那樣asisoftenthecase情況通常都是如此 as和which都引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，用來(lái)修飾或限定整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容，有時(shí)可以互換。e.g. 1.He failed in the English examination, as/which his parents expected.2.He is a B

16、eijinger,as/which I know from his accent. 但在下列情況下，as和which不可互換但在下列情況下，as和which不可互換一一.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句放在主句之前時(shí)，只能句放在主句之前時(shí)，只能用用as。e.g.1.Asweknownow，theearthtravelsaroundthesun.2.AsIexplainedinthephone,yourrequirewillbeconsideredatthenextmeeting.二二.as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，在引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，在語(yǔ)意上和主句的語(yǔ)意一致；語(yǔ)意上和主句的語(yǔ)意一致；否則就用否則

17、就用which。e.g.1.Hewonthefirstpriceinthecompetition,ashisparentsexpected.(語(yǔ)意一致）語(yǔ)意一致）2.Hewonthefirstpriceinthecompetition,whichhisparentsdidntexpected.(語(yǔ)語(yǔ)意相反）意相反）三三.As引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句后常引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句后常用被動(dòng)句用被動(dòng)句,如：如：beknown、beside、bereported、beannounced等；而主動(dòng)句等；而主動(dòng)句中則常用中則常用which引導(dǎo)從句。引導(dǎo)從句。E.g.1.Ashasbeenknowntoall,heistheb

18、estinEnglish.2.Asissaid,ourEnglishteacherisatallman.四四.非限定性定語(yǔ)從句是否非限定性定語(yǔ)從句是否定句時(shí)定句時(shí)which引導(dǎo)從句。引導(dǎo)從句。E.g.1.Sheisalwaysshowoffherclothesinpublic,whichwedontlikeatall.2.Themotheroftenpraisesherchildren,whichthechildrendontlike.五五.as常用在常用在as(it)appearsas(it)seemslikelyas(it)waspointedoutas(it)oftenhappensas(it)wassaidearlierasIremember(it)asIunderstand(it)等結(jié)構(gòu)的句等結(jié)構(gòu)的句子中。子中。E.g.1.Hedidntknowmuchaboutit,aswassaidearlier.2.Hehasntreturnedmybooktomeyet,asoftenhappens六六.which引導(dǎo)的非限定引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句常常帶有復(fù)性定語(yǔ)從句常常帶有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。合賓語(yǔ)。E.g.1.Lucylikestotelllies,whichweallfeelstrange.2.Ididntwinthetable-tennis,whichmyclassm