1直接引語改間接引語-高中語法ppt課件

1、1Unit 1 Direct & Indirect Speech statements and questions21. “Whose book is it?” he asked.He asked whose book it was. “Whose book are you reading?” Jim asked her.Jim asked her whose book she was reading. 3 He asked, “Where are you going?” He asked (us) where we were going. She asked, “Who is in

2、charge here?” She asked (me) who was in charge there. He asked, “Which firm makes theseparts?” He asked (me) which firm makes/ made those parts.4 He said,“Where have you been?” He asked me where I had been. He asked,“How are you gettingalong?” He asked us how we were getting along.5“Have you been to

3、 the USA?” Jim asked Tom. Jim asked Tom whether / if he had been to the USA. He asked me, “Do you play chess?” He asked me if / whether I played chess. She asked, “Did you go home?” She asked me if I had gone home.6“Is this room yours or his?”He asked me whether this room was mine or his. 引述一般疑問句或附加

4、疑問句時(shí)引述一般疑問句或附加疑問句時(shí), 通常用通常用whether或或if引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo), 而引述選擇疑問句而引述選擇疑問句時(shí)時(shí), 通常只用通常只用whether引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。7He said heplays footballis playinghas playedplayedwill playhad playedplayed footballwas playinghad playedhad playedwould playhad played8直接引語直接引語間接引語間接引語指示代詞指示代詞thisthese 時(shí)時(shí) 間間 狀狀 語語NowTodayTonightThis weekYesterdayL

5、ast weekThree days agoTomorrowNext weekthatthoseThenThat dayThat nightThat weekThe day beforeThe week beforeThree days beforeThe next dayThe next week9解題步驟解題步驟: :1.1.陳述句陳述句: :“I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friendsthat I dont likecomputers.saiddidntsheSarah said

6、to her friends that she didnt like computers.102. 一般疑問句一般疑問句:Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?( They asked him )They asked himifIt is easy to improve the condition of the soil.it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condit

7、ion of the soil.11Tod said (that) there wasnt any trouble and that he was waiting for his change. 注意注意: 當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的賓語從句并列時(shí)當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的賓語從句并列時(shí),僅能省略第一個(gè)僅能省略第一個(gè)that, 其余的不能省其余的不能省略略.Tod said, “ There isnt any trouble andIm waiting for my change (零錢零錢)”123.3.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句：When do you harvest the wheat ?( They as

8、ked him )They asked himWhenyou harvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.heharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.harvested13直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)陳述句陳述句Jane said, “Im very fond of traveling.”that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Jane said that she was very fond of traveling.14直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前)間接引語

9、間接引語(變化后變化后)一般疑問句一般疑問句“Is this your umbrella, Mary?” asked John.whether / if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句John asked Mary if that was her umbrella.15直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)特殊疑問句特殊疑問句“Mary, when will you return me the book?” asked John.wh-詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句John asked Mary when she would return him the book.

10、16直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)祈使句祈使句The officer said to him, “Dont leave your post.”不定式不定式The officer ordered him not to leave his post.17直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)Lets開頭的祈使句開頭的祈使句 I said to him, “Lets start at once.”that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句I suggested to him that we (should) start at once.18

11、直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)感嘆句感嘆句He said: “How happy I am!”that / what / how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句He said that he was very happy.He said how happy he was.19由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語, 有時(shí)會(huì)引時(shí)態(tài)的變化有時(shí)會(huì)引時(shí)態(tài)的變化, 注意以下幾個(gè)方面。注意以下幾個(gè)方面。直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)主句動(dòng)詞為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主句動(dòng)詞為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)She often says, “A

12、ll men and women are equal under the law.”從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不變從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不變She often says that all men and women are equal under the law.20直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)主句動(dòng)詞主句動(dòng)詞為一為一般過去時(shí)般過去時(shí)引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為:從句動(dòng)詞從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)變化變化從句動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閺木鋭?dòng)詞變?yōu)?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)“I know it,” he said.一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)He said that he knew it. 21直接引語直接引語(變化前變化

13、前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)主句動(dòng)詞主句動(dòng)詞為一為一般過去時(shí)般過去時(shí)引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為:從句動(dòng)詞從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)變化變化從句動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閺木鋭?dòng)詞變?yōu)?現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)“Im making coffee for you all,” she said.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)She said she was making coffee for us all. 22直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)主句動(dòng)詞主句動(dòng)詞為一為一般過去時(shí)般過去時(shí)引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為:從句動(dòng)詞從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)變化變化從句動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閺木鋭?dòng)詞變?yōu)?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)“I hav

14、e seen her before,” said he. 過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)He said he had seen her before. 23直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)主句動(dòng)詞主句動(dòng)詞為一為一般過去時(shí)般過去時(shí)引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為:從句動(dòng)詞從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)變化變化從句動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閺木鋭?dòng)詞變?yōu)?現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)He said, “I have been doing it for hours.”過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)He said he had been doing it for hours. 24直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引

15、語間接引語(變化后變化后)主句動(dòng)詞主句動(dòng)詞為一為一般過去時(shí)般過去時(shí)引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為:從句動(dòng)詞從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)變化變化從句動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閺木鋭?dòng)詞變?yōu)?一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)“I saw her last Monday,” he said.過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)He said he had seen her the previous Monday. 25直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)主句動(dòng)詞主句動(dòng)詞為一為一般過去時(shí)般過去時(shí)引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為:從句動(dòng)詞從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)變化變化從句動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閺木鋭?dòng)詞變?yōu)?過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)“I was waiting fo

16、r Jim,” she said. 過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)She said she had been waiting for Jim.26直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)主句動(dòng)主句動(dòng)詞為一詞為一般過去般過去時(shí)時(shí)引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為:從句動(dòng)詞從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)變化變化從句動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閺木鋭?dòng)詞變?yōu)?過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)“ Do you know Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died?” Jack asked.過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)Jack asked if I knew Rick had bee

17、n ill in bed for many days till he died. 27直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)主句動(dòng)詞主句動(dòng)詞為一為一般過去時(shí)般過去時(shí)引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為引導(dǎo)動(dòng)詞為:從句動(dòng)詞從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)變化變化從句動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閺木鋭?dòng)詞變?yōu)?一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)He said: “We shall start tomorrow.”過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)He said they would start the next day.28由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,下列情況時(shí)態(tài)不變下列情況時(shí)態(tài)不變:1. 不變的真理不變的真理 The teache

18、r said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.” The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.292. 經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣：經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣： He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.303. 歷史事件：歷史事件

19、： The teacher said, “World War ended in 1945.” The teacher said that World War ended in 1945.314. 部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,如如must, ought to, used to, had better等：等： She said to me: “You must hurry up.” She said that I must hurry up.32由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,下列代詞、形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞等可能要變化。下列代詞、形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞等可能要變化。直接引語直接引語間接引

20、語間接引語thisthesenowagotodaytomorrowthat/thisthose/thesethenbeforethat day/today/yesterday(the) next day33直接引語直接引語間接引語間接引語the day after tomorrowyesterdaylast nightthe day before yesterdaygobringherein two days timethe day beforethe night beforetwo days beforecome/gobring/takethere/here34Practice A）根據(jù)句型

21、及句意將下列直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語，每空一詞。）根據(jù)句型及句意將下列直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語，每空一詞。1. Alice said, “Ive just got a letter from my father.” Alice said that _ _ just got a letter from _ father. sheherhad352. Jane asked Dick, “Have you finished writing the report?” Jane asked Dick _ _ _ writing the report. whetherhefinishedhad363. “Dont

22、 grow plants in the same place year after year,”the farmer said. The farmer _ me _ _ plants in the same place year after year. toldnot to grow374. Mr. Smith said to the girl, “I will come here to see you next Sunday.” Mr. Smith _ the girl that_ _ _ there to see_ _ Sunday. toldHe would goherthe next3

23、8B）根據(jù)句型及句意將下列間接引語變?yōu)橹苯右Z，每空一詞。）根據(jù)句型及句意將下列間接引語變?yōu)橹苯右Z，每空一詞。 1. He told me that a friend in need is a friend indeed. He _ _ me, “A friend in need_ a friend indeed.” saidis to392. She asked the students to tidy the lab. “ _ the lab,” she _ to the students. 3. He said that he liked the film very much. He

24、said, “ _ _ the film very much.” Tidy said Ilike404. She said that she had received a letter two days before. She said ,“ _ _ a letter _ _ _ .”5. He asked me whether I liked black tea or green tea. He asked me, “ _ _ _ black tea or green tea?” Itwo days agodo you like received411. Jack said to me, “

25、You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat dayExercises422. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were

26、walkingthen D. they walkingnow 433. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week444. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ t

27、ake it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he would the next day 455. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat466. Jane said, “Wh

28、at did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had herd a week ago D. if he heardthe week ago477. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?” She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. wo

29、uld hethe next time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time 488. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack asked her where _ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you spent your499. Black asked me, “ Why havent you left here yet?” Black asked me why _

30、 yet. A. I hadnt left there B. I havent left here C. hadnt I left there D. havent I left here 5010. The teacher asked her, “|Does the sun rise in the east ?” The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east. A. ifrise B. ifrises C. whetherrose D. whether did rise511 The reporter said that the UFO _ eas

31、t to west when he saw it （NMET 2000） Awas travelling Btravelled Chad been traveling Dwas to travel 522 I wonder why Jenny _ us recentlyWe should have heard from her by now.（NMET 2002） Ahasnt written Bdoesnt write Cwont write Dhadnt written 533 Choosing the right dictionary depends on _ you want to u

32、se it for. (2007 江蘇卷江蘇卷) A. what B. why C. how D. whether54Unit2 祈使句 直接引語改間接引語55Learning useful structure IV (10 m )Rules and practice of direct and indirect speech 當(dāng)直接引語為祈使句時(shí)，轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語要用一個(gè)帶當(dāng)直接引語為祈使句時(shí)，轉(zhuǎn)換為間接引語要用一個(gè)帶動(dòng)詞不定式的簡單句表示：動(dòng)詞不定式的簡單句表示：56 祈使句祈使句 v直引：主語直引：主語+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+“祈使句祈使句” v間引：主語間引：主語+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+to Verbveg T

33、he teacher said to me, “Come in .”vThe teacher told me to go in 。vJohn said to me , “Please shut the window。”vJohn asked me to shut the window。vThe teacher said to me, “ Dont be late again.”v- The teacher advised me not to be late again. 57特別提醒特別提醒 1.祈使句變?yōu)殚g接引語，主要使用動(dòng)詞不定式。祈使句變?yōu)殚g接引語，主要使用動(dòng)詞不定式。 2.謂語動(dòng)詞要做

34、一定變化。謂語動(dòng)詞要做一定變化。v表示命令，用表示命令，用tell，order，command等。等。v表示請(qǐng)求，用表示請(qǐng)求，用ask，beg，request等。等。v表示忠告，用表示忠告，用 advise。 58Open the window.Direct speechDirect speechIndirect speechIndirect speechMiss Hu told * to open the window.Will you please open the window?Miss Hu asked * to open the window.toldtoaskedtoDont op

35、en the window.Miss Hu told * not to open the window.not59“Write a letter to your parents.”“Dont play games in the classroom.”“Can you pass on the book to Tom?”“Will you please not smoke here?”The teacher told me to write a letter .The teacher ordered me not to play games .The teacher asked me to pas

36、s on The teacher asked me not to smoke there.Try to do this:Try to do this:60“It is a fine day. Lets go to the country for a picnic.” Peter said to me.Peter said that it was a fine day and asked me to go to the country for a picnic with him.Peter told me that it was a fine day and let us go to the c

37、ountry for a picnic.61 感嘆句感嘆句 直引：主語直引：主語+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+“感嘆句感嘆句” 間引：主語間引：主語+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞+陳述句陳述句ve.g. He said, “ what a fine day it is !” vHe said , “ How fine the day is !”v He said what a fine day it was . He said how fine the day was . He exclaimed that it was a fine day.62 特別提醒特別提醒v1. 間接感嘆句的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該是間接感嘆句的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該是cry 或或e

38、xclaim 。v2.可以仍用可以仍用what，how 等詞，語序不變，也可以用等詞，語序不變，也可以用that 從句，把動(dòng)詞從句，把動(dòng)詞say 改為改為cry，shout，exclaim 等。等。 631.He said to Tom, “Dont do the work any more.”He told Tom not to do the work any more.PracticePractice2.Mrs. Green said, “Please sing us a song, Miss White.”3. “Be quiet, children.” said Mrs. Wilson.Mrs. Green asked Miss White to sing them a song.Mrs. Wilson told the children to be quiet. 4. All the people cried, “What magnificent clothes these are!”All the people cried what magnificent clothes these were.64高考鏈接：高考鏈接：We wont give up _ we should