關(guān)于教育類的英文專業(yè)詞匯

1、關(guān)于教育類的英文專業(yè)詞匯Systempreschool education / pre-elementary education 學前教育elementary education / primary education 基礎(chǔ)教育/小學教育secondary education 中等教育tertiary education / higher education 高等教育public education 公立教育private education 私立教育adult education / continuing education 成人教育/深造special education 特殊教育普及教育

2、 universal education義務(wù)教育 compulsory education; free education成人教育 adult education職業(yè)技術(shù)教育 vocational and technical education國家教育委員會 State Education CommissionSchoolsday school / day nursery / preschool 日托所/托兒所kindergarten 幼兒園/學前班primary school / elementary school / grade school 小學（1-8年級）grammar school

3、 語法學校（1-6年級）secondary school 中學（9-12年級）high school 中學（10-12年級）junior high school 初中（7-9年級）senior high school 高中（10-12年級）public school （英）私立學校（美）公立學校private school 私立學校technical school 技校vocational school 職校boarding school 寄宿制學校night school 夜校adult school 成人進修學校alma mater 母校，校歌ivory tower 象牙塔，高等學府（喻）

4、college ?？茖W校，大學，學院state college （美）政府資助的州立大學junior college 兩年制社區(qū)大學residential college 寄宿制大學community college 社區(qū)大學land-grant college 政府資助的低學費大學university 綜合大學multiversity 由學院、?？圃盒＝M成的大規(guī)模高等學校graduate school 研究生院polytechnic / poly （英）工藝技術(shù)高等院校高等學校 institution of higher education綜合性大學 comprehensive univer

5、sity文科大學 university of liberal arts文科院校 colleges of art理工科大學 college/university of science and engineering師范大學 normal university; teachers' university師范學院 teachers' college工業(yè)大學 polytechnical university工業(yè)學院 engineering institute農(nóng)業(yè)大學 agricultural university農(nóng)學院 agricultural college醫(yī)科大學 medical

6、university醫(yī)學院 medical college/school中醫(yī)院 institute of traditional Chinese medicine音樂學院 conservatory of music美術(shù)學院 academy of fine arts體育學院 physical culture institute分校 branch school重點學校 key school業(yè)余學校 spare-time school業(yè)余職工大學 spare-time college for staff and workers電視廣播大學 television and radio broadcast

7、ing university函授學院 correspondence school教師進修學校 teachers' college for vocational studies成人夜校 night school for adults業(yè)余藝術(shù)/體育學校 amateur arts/athletic school半工半讀學校 part-work and part-study school中等專業(yè)學校 secondary specialized school; polytechnic school中等技術(shù)學校 secondary technical school; technical secon

8、dary school職業(yè)學校 vocational school附中 attached middle school在職進修班 in-service training course進修班 class for advanced studies短訓班 short-term training course專修科 special (training) courseoff-job training 脫產(chǎn)培訓in-job training 在職培訓 Studentsflatmate / dormmate 室友undergraduate / undergrad 本科生graduate 畢業(yè)生，研究生post

9、graduate / graduate student 研究生freshman 大學或高中一年級新生sophomore 大學或高中二年級學生junior 大學或高中三年級學生senior 大學或高中四年級學生underclassman 大學一、二年級學生upperclassman 大學三、四年級學生alumnus / alumni (pl.) （美）校友（男）alumna / alumnae (pl.) （美）校友（女）exchange student 交換學生（留學生為主）overseas student 留學生fellow student 同學（美）領(lǐng)取獎學金的研究生TA / teachi

10、ng assistant 助教（以研究生為主）peer adviser 高年級學生顧問floor senior 寢室樓負責人（高年級學生為主）student union officer 學生會工作人員president of student union 學生會主席vice-president of student union 學生會副主席intern 實習生monitor 班長vice-monitor 副班長 commissary in charge of studies 學習委員commissary in charge of entertaainment 文娛委員commissary in

11、charge of sports 體育委員commissary in charge of physical labour 勞動委員Party branch secretary 黨支部書記League branch secretary 團支部書記commissary in charge of organization組織委員commessary in charge of publicity 宣傳委員"Three Goods" student "三好"學生excellent League member 優(yōu)秀團員 excellent leader 優(yōu)秀干部st

12、udent council 學生會 Teaching Stafffaculty 院系，教職員工tutor / instructor （英）導師，家教（美）助教，講師lecturer 講師assistant professor 助理教授associate professor 副教授coordinator 課程協(xié)調(diào)老師school counsellor / adviser 指導老師，校顧問student teacher 實習教師（在校生）liaison officer 校聯(lián)絡(luò)人員departmental head / chairperson 系主任dean （大學學院）院長principal /

13、chancellor / university president （大學）校長headmaster / headmistress （中小學）校長Diploma & Degreecertificate 證書diploma 文憑，畢業(yè)證書degree 學位bachelors degree / undergraduate degree 學士學位masters degree 碩士學位doctorate 博士頭銜B.A. / Bachelor of Arts degree 文學學士學位B.S. / Bachelor of Science degree 理學學士學位M.A. / Master o

14、f Arts degree 文學碩士學位M. S. / Master of Science degree 理學碩士學位M.D. / Doctor of Medicine 醫(yī)學博士Ph.D. / Doctor of Philosophy 博士postdoctoral 博士后（研究人員）honorary degree 榮譽學位Coursesacademic year 學年school calendar / school catalog / academic calendar 校歷，大學情況一覽year book 畢業(yè)留念冊term / semester 學期（一學期四個月，一學年兩學期）quart

15、er / trimester 學季（一學期三個月，一學年三學期）orientation 新生和老師的見面會course 課程（包括上課，作業(yè)，考試等）crash programme / intensive course 速成課程，強化課程major course / mandatory course 主修課程elective course / optional course 選修課程correspondence course 函授課程introductory course 基礎(chǔ)入門課程core programme 核心課程syllabus 教學大綱curriculum 全部課程（集合）extr

16、acurricular 課外課程major 主修minor 輔修lecture 講課，講座tutorial （英）個別輔導課seminar 研討會，研討班課程field trip 實地考察課程internship 實習，見習Studies & Testsassignment / project 課外作業(yè)，工作任務(wù)presentation 陳述，口頭作業(yè)essay / theme 論文，作文term papers 學期論文thesis 畢業(yè)論文dissertation 畢業(yè)論文（尤指博士）entrance examination 入學考試assessment 評估achievement

17、test / standardized test 標準化測試placement test 入學分級測試aptitude test 能力測試midterm test / midterm exam 期中考試final exam 期末考試open book exam 開卷考試multiple-choice test 選擇題考試defense 論文答辯academic records / transcript 學術(shù)成績，成績報告research method 研究方法（寫論文的前期準備）questionnaire 問卷調(diào)查interview 訪談，采訪in-depth case study 案例深入分

18、析observation 觀察研究（多用于科學實驗）bibliography 參考文獻，圖書目錄pass-fail 考查課，有及格分數(shù)線的考試credit system 學分系統(tǒng)，積分成績blue-book考卷report card成績單convocation notice 考試通知competitive examination 答辯考試Problemsattendance 出勤，出席play hooky / play truant 逃課deadline 截止日期（交作業(yè)）extension 延期（無法按時交作業(yè)）academic dishonesty 學術(shù)欺詐行為plagiarism 剽竊，

19、抄襲cheating 考試作弊double submission of papers 試卷重復使用aiding and abetting dishonesty 協(xié)助學術(shù)欺詐fabrication 偽造成績，捏造行為falsification of records 篡改成績drop out輟學quit school退學school discipline校紀attendance/participation出勤率attend a lecture上課miss a class缺課cut a class曠課expel sb from school開除to repeat a year 留級Fundingtu

20、ition fee 學費living expenses 生活費incidental expenses 學雜費grant 助學金stipend 固定生活津貼，固定獎學金scholarship （本科生）獎學金fellowship （研究生）獎學金financial aid / financial assistance 資助tuition學費miscellaneous expenses雜費a grant-aided student領(lǐng)助學金的學生Campus Lifeaccommodation 住宿homestay 寄宿于當?shù)厝思依飐tudent hostel 學生公寓，學生宿舍dormitory

21、寢室room allocation 房間分配flat / apartment 公寓（出租給學生）on campus 住校off campus 不住校student union 學生會auditorium 大禮堂resource centre 資料中心gym 體育館cafeteria 自助餐廳refectory 學院餐廳canteen 食堂common room （學校）休息室busing 校車接送student union 學生會fraternity （美）大學兄弟會enrollment 入學注冊registration 登記，報到matriculation 注冊（在大學）to enroll,

22、 to enroll 予以注冊commencement / graduation ceremony 畢業(yè)典禮reunion 校友聯(lián)誼聚會graduation appraisal畢業(yè)評估graduation ceremony=commencement畢業(yè)典禮diploma=graduation certificate畢業(yè)證書refresher course 進修課程extracurricular activies 體育活動 recreational activities娛樂活動academic activities 學術(shù)活動 social activities 社會活動課外閱讀 outside

23、reading辦學效益 efficiency in school management 協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展 coordinated and balanced program of development 教育投入 input in education 優(yōu)化教師隊伍 optimize the teaching staff 實行分區(qū)規(guī)劃 practice regional planning 社會參與 communal participation 新增勞動力 incoming labor force 職前教育 pre-service education 崗位培訓 undergo job-specific tr

24、aining 提高.的思想品德 enhance the moral awareness of . 職業(yè)道德 professional ethics 重點學科 key disciplinary areas or priority fields of study （大學）?？?Major Types of Education in China short 2- to 3- year higher education programs 掃盲班 literacy class 注冊人數(shù) enrollment 年齡段（層）age bracket 反復灌輸 inculcate 希望工程 Project Ho

25、pe 學齡兒童 school-ager 人才枯竭 exhaustion of human resources 輟/失學青少年 school dropout/leaver 基金會 foundation 服務(wù)性行業(yè) service trade 在職培訓 on-the-job/in-service training 國際勞工組織 International Labor Organization 基礎(chǔ)科學 the fundamentals 學分制 the credit system 三學期制 the trimester system 雙學士制 a double BA degree system 主副修

26、制 a system of a major field of specialization plus a minor field 教學、科研、生產(chǎn)的"三結(jié)合" "3-in-1 combination" involving teaching,research, and production 三結(jié)合聯(lián)合體 tripartite complex 定向招生 students are admitted to be trained for pre-determined employers 包分配 guarantee job assignments 燎原計劃 the

27、Prairie Fire Program 示范試點 demonstration pilot project 結(jié)合、使加入 incorporate 動員 mobilize 稅收 tax revenue 多學科的 multi-disciplinary 重點大學 key university 授予（學士）confer 被授權(quán) be authorized to do 博士后科研流動站 center for post-doctoral studies 專業(yè) speciality 愛國人士 patriotic personage 國家發(fā)明獎 National Invention Prize 國家自然科學獎

28、 National Prize for Natural Sciences 國家科技進步獎 National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology 學術(shù)報告會，專題討論會 symposium 記者招待會 press conference 國家教委主任 Chairman of the State Education Commission 國家統(tǒng)計局 the State Statistical Bureau 國家教育經(jīng)費 national expenditure on education 財政撥款 financial allocation 半文盲

29、semiliterate; functional illiterate 占百分比 account for .% 專任教師 full-time teacher 資料中心 data center 國際文化交流 intercultural communication 教育方針 guideline(s)/guiding principle(s) for education 教育必須為社會主義現(xiàn)代化服務(wù)，必須同生產(chǎn)勞動相結(jié)合，培養(yǎng)德智體全面發(fā)展的建設(shè)者和接班人。 Education must serve the needs of socialist modernization, be integrate

30、d with productive labor, and train builders and successors who are well developed morally, intellectual and physically. 適應(yīng)社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)需要，面向二十一世紀，具有中國特色的社會主義教育體系。 a socialist education system with distinct Chinese characteristics that meets the needs of socialist modernization and is oriented to the 21s

31、t century 堅持社會主義方向 to keep to the socialist orientation 身體好，學習好，工作好。Keep fit, study hard and work well. 德才兼?zhèn)?to combine ability with character; equal stress on integrity and ability 成為有理想，有道德，有文化，守紀律的勞動者 to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of discipline

32、 教育要面向現(xiàn)代化，面向世界，面向未來 Gear education to the needs of modernization, the world and the future 愛國主義教育 education in patriotism 國際主義教育 education in internationalism 集體主義教育 education in collectivism 共產(chǎn)主義教育 education in communism 共產(chǎn)主義道德品質(zhì) communist ethics 政治思想教育 political and ideological education 五愛（愛祖國、愛人

33、民、愛勞動、愛科學、愛護公物） "Five Love": love the motherland, the people, labor, and science and take good care of public property. 教書育人 to educate the person as well as impart book knowledge 培養(yǎng)獨立分析問題和解決問題的能力 to cultivate the ability to analyze and solve concrete problems independently 啟發(fā)學生獨立思考的能力 to

34、help develop the ability of the students to think things out for themselves 培養(yǎng)學生自學能力 to foster the students' ability to study on their own 發(fā)揮學生主動性、創(chuàng)造性 to give scope to the students' initiative and creativeness 自學成才 to become educated through independent study 啟發(fā)式 elicitation method (of teach

35、ing); heuristic method 填鴨式教學法 cramming/forced-feeding method of teaching 普及教育 universal education 義務(wù)教育 compulsory education; free education 學前教育 preschool education 初等教育 elementary education 中等教育 secondary education 高等教育 higher/tertiary education 普遍教育 general education 成人教育 adult education 職業(yè)技術(shù)教育 vo

36、cational and technical education 國家教育委員會 State Education Commission 高等學校 institution of higher education 綜合性大學 comprehensive university 文科大學 university of liberal arts 文科院校 colleges of art 理工科大學 college/university of science and engineering 師范大學 normal university; teachers' university 師范學院 teach

37、ers' college 工業(yè)大學 polytechnic university 工業(yè)學院 engineering institute 農(nóng)業(yè)大學 agricultural university 農(nóng)學院 agricultural college 醫(yī)科大學 medical university 醫(yī)學院 medical college/school 中醫(yī)院 institute of traditional Chinese medicine 音樂學院 conservatory of music 美術(shù)學院 academy of fine arts 體育學院 physical culture in

38、stitute 分校 branch school 重點學校 key school 業(yè)余學校 spare-time school 業(yè)余職工大學 spare-time college for staff and workers 電視廣播大學 television and radio broadcasting university 函授學院 correspondence school 教師進修學校 teachers' college for vocational studies 成人夜校 night school for adults 業(yè)余藝術(shù)/體育學校 amateur arts/athle

39、tic school 半工半讀學校 part-work and part-study school 中等專業(yè)學校 secondary specialized school; polytechnic school 中等技術(shù)學校 secondary technical school; technical secondary school 職業(yè)學校 vocational school 附中 attached middle school 在職進修班 in-service training course 進修班 class for advanced studies 短訓班 short-term trai

40、ning course 專修科 special (training) course 自學考試 self-taught examination 教職員 teaching and administrative staff 教學人員 the faculty; teaching staff 中、小學校長headmaster/headmistress; principal 大專院校校長 president; chancellor 教務(wù)長 dean of studies （系）主任 chairman; chairperson 副主任 vice-chairman 教授 professor 副教授 assoc

41、iate professor 客座教授 visiting professor; guest professor 講師 lecturer 助教 assistant 專職教師 full-time teacher 兼職教師 part-time teacher 輔導員 assistant for political and ideological work 教研室/組 teaching and research section/group 教學組 teaching group 教員休息室 staff room; common room 母校 Alma Mater 校友 alumnus; alumna

42、學生會 students' union/association 高年級學生 upper/higher grade pupil/student; pupil/student in senior grades 低年級學生 lower grade pupil/student; pupil/student in junior grades 走讀生 day student; non-resident student 住宿生 boarder 旁聽生 auditor 研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student) 應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生 graduating stud

43、ent/pupil; this year's graduates 聽課 to visit a class; to sit in on a class; to attend a lecture 公開課 open class 課程 course; curriculum 必修課 required/compulsory course 選修課 elective/optional course 基礎(chǔ)課 basic course 專業(yè)課 specialized course 課程表 school timetable 課外活動 extracurricular activities 課外輔導 instr

44、uction after class 課堂討論 class discussion （大學的）研究小組；討論會 seminar 教學大綱 teaching program; syllabus 教學內(nèi)容 content of courses 學習年限 period of schooling 學歷 record of formal schooling 學年 school/academic year 學期 (school)term; semester 學分 credit 分數(shù) mark; grade 五分制 the 5-grade marking system 百分制 100-mark system

45、學習成績 academic record; school record 成績單 school report; report card; transcript 畢業(yè)論文 thesis; dissertation 畢業(yè)實習 graduation field work 畢業(yè)設(shè)計 graduation ceremony 畢業(yè)典禮 graduation ceremony; commencement 畢業(yè)證書 diploma; graduation certificate 畢業(yè)鑒定 graduation appraisal 授予某人學位 to confer a degree on sb. 升級 to be

46、 promoted to a higher grade 留級 to repeat the year's work; to stay down 補考 make-up examination 升學t o go to a school of a higher grade; to enter a higher school 升學率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade 獎學金 scholarship （國家）助學金 (state)stipend/subsidy 領(lǐng)取助學金的學生 a grant-aided stude

47、nt 學費 tuition (fee) 伙食費 board expenses 伙食補助 food allowanceA Useful Glossary for Educational Backgroundeducation 學歷educational background 教育程度educational history 學歷currculum 課程major 主修minor 副修educational highlights 課程重點部分curriculum included 課程包括specialized courses 專門課程courses taken 所學課程courses comple

48、ted 所學課程special training 特別訓練social practice 社會實踐part-time jobs 業(yè)余工作summer jobs 暑期工作vacation jobs 假期工作refresher course 進修課程extracurricular activies 體育活動recreational activities娛樂活動academic activities 學術(shù)活動social activities 社會活動rewards 獎勵scholarship 獎學金"Three Goods" student "三好"學生ex

49、cellent League member 優(yōu)秀團員excellent leader 優(yōu)秀干部student council 學生會off-job training 脫產(chǎn)培訓in-job training 在職培訓educational sustem 學制academic year 學年semester 學期（美）term 學期（英）president 校長vice-president 副校長acdemic dean 教務(wù)員department chairman 系主任professor 教授associate professor 副教授guest professor 客座教授lecturer

50、 講師teching assistant 助教research fellow 研究員rearch assistant 助理研究員supervisor 論文導師principal 中學校長（美）headmaster 中小學校長（英）master 小學校長（美）dean of students 教務(wù)長dean of students 教導主任 teacher 教師probation teacher 代課教師tutor 家庭教師governess 女家庭教師intelligence quotient 智商pass 及格fial 不及格marks 分數(shù)grades 分數(shù)scores 分數(shù)ecamina

51、tion 考試grade 年級class 班級monitor 班長vice-monitor 副班長commissary in charge of studies 學習委員commissary in charge of entertaainment 文娛委員commissary in charge of sports 體育委員commissary in charge of physical labour 勞動委員Party branch secretary 黨支部書記League branch secretary 團支部書記commissary in charge of organization

52、組織委員commessary in charge of publicity 宣傳委員degree 學位post doctorate 博士后doctor (Ph.D) 博士maeter 碩士bachelor 學士student 學生graduate student 研究生abroad student 留學生returned student 回國留學生foreign student 外國留學生undergraduate 大學肄業(yè)生；（尚未取得學位的）大學生1教育目的：是社會對教育所要造就的社會個體的質(zhì)量規(guī)格的總的設(shè)想或規(guī)定.Educational purposes: a community edu

53、cation to create the social individual vision of total quality specifications or requirements.2形式教育說：課程論中另一個長期引起爭論的問題,是怎樣看待知識在教學中的作用.一種觀點認為,選擇某種知識作為課程就是因為這種知識可以訓練人的智力,使人變得更聰明.這就是所謂的“形式教育說”.Forms of education, said: Another long-term course on controversial issues is how to look at the role of knowle

54、dge in teaching. One view is that the choice of a knowledge as a course. Because such knowledge can be trained human intelligence, people become more intelligent. This is the so-called "form of education, said."3實質(zhì)教育說：關(guān)于知識在教學中的作用,還有一種觀點認為,選擇某種知識作為課程的原因,就在于這種知識本身的價值.知識是人類智慧的結(jié)晶,是探求真理的鑰匙,人們掌握

55、了知識,就可以利用它去實現(xiàn)自己的各種生活目的.教育學上把這種觀點稱為“實質(zhì)教育說”. Real Education, said: on the role of knowledge in teaching, there is a view that the choice of knowledge as a reason for the course, is that the value of this knowledge itself. Knowledge is the crystallization of human wisdom is the key to exploring th

56、e truth, people mastered the knowledge, you can use it to achieve its purpose of all life. Education on to this view as "real education, said."4教學過程最優(yōu)化：是前蘇聯(lián)教育家巴班斯基（19272987）提出的教學理論和方法.20世紀70年代,為了克服學生普遍存在的留級、學習成績不佳的現(xiàn)象,巴班斯基提出,要對學校教學進行整體優(yōu)化.教學過程的最優(yōu)化是指在一定的教學條件下尋求合理的教學方案,使教師和學生花最少的時間和精力獲得最好的教學效果,使學生獲得最好的發(fā)展.Optimize the teac