年職稱英語綜合類 A級真題及答案解析 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版 考前必做

1、 |20142014 年職稱英語考試年職稱英語考試 綜合類綜合類 a a 級級 真題及答案解析真題及答案解析 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版王霞老師推薦：考生應(yīng)該提前做幾套往年的真題，一是熟王霞老師推薦：考生應(yīng)該提前做幾套往年的真題，一是熟悉下題型、考試要點(diǎn)和試卷，二是測試下自己的水平，三是悉下題型、考試要點(diǎn)和試卷，二是測試下自己的水平，三是鍛煉下查字典的速度等。鍛煉下查字典的速度等。 _1第一部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有 15 個句子，每個句子中均有 1 個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請從每個句子后面所給的 4 個選項(xiàng)中選擇 1 個與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。1.there was an inclination to

2、treat geography as a less important subject.a.pointb.tendencyc.resultd.finding答案：b解析：查詞典。意思為傾向。2.new secretaries came and went with monotonous regularity.a.amazingb.depressingc.predictabled.dull答案：d解析：注意：劃線詞所修飾的名詞規(guī)律，規(guī)律性，判斷劃線詞為單調(diào)的3.the committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.a

3、.furnish _2b.copyc.publishd.summarize答案：a解析：利用詞典，意思為提供。4.the group does not advocate the use of violence.a.limitb.regulatec.opposed.support答案：d解析：利用詞典，意思為提倡。5.the original experiment cannot be exactly duplicated.a.reproducedb.inventedc.designedd.reported答案：a解析：劃線詞為教材詞匯，對應(yīng)的同義詞應(yīng)為copy，根據(jù)其意思，選 a，為再生產(chǎn)、再制

4、造。6.the department deferred the decision for six months.a.put off _3b.arrived atc.abode byd.protested against答案：a解析：劃線詞為教材詞匯，對應(yīng)的答案為教材詞匯相同。7.the symptoms of the disease manifested themselves ten days later.a.easedb.appearedc.improvedd.relieved答案：b解析：利用詞典，意思為出現(xiàn)，顯現(xiàn)。8.that uniform makes the guards look

5、absurd.a.seriousb.ridiculousc.beautifuld.impressive答案：b解析：答案 b 為教材詞匯，利用詞匯擴(kuò)充可見劃線詞。意思是可笑的，滑稽的。9.some of the larger birds can remain stationary in the air for several minutes. _4a.silentb.motionlessc.seatedd.true答案：b解析：通過所給句子的語境，考慮 4 個選項(xiàng)意思，選定 b 為合適，為靜止的，不動的。10.the country was torn apart by strife.a.pov

6、ertyb.warc.conflictd.economy答案：c解析：該題有難度。查詞典。詞義沖突。11.she felt that she had done her good deed for the day.a.actb.homeworkc.justiced.model答案：a解析：deed 為 do 的名詞形式，所以只有 act 意思相符。12.a persons wealth is often in inverse proportion to their happiness. _5a.equalb.certainc.larged.opposite答案：d解析：一個人的財(cái)富通常與其幸福成

7、反比，該句意思本身就是提示。13.his professional career spanned 16 years.a.sincereb.changedc.movedd.lasted答案：d解析：根據(jù)句子提示，16 年是一個時(shí)間段，只有 d 選項(xiàng) last，表示持續(xù)一段時(shí)間。14.his stomach felt hollow with fear.a.sincereb.respectfulc.terribled.empty答案：d解析：完全同義詞?？盏?_615.this was disaster on a cosmic scale.a.modestb.hugec.commerciald.na

8、tional答案：b解析：利用詞典。巨大的。第二部分：閱讀判斷下面的短文后列出了 7 個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇 a;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇 b;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇c。when our words collidewanna buy a body? that was the opening line of more than a few phone calls i got from freelance(自由職業(yè))photographers when i was a photo editor at u.s. news. l

9、ike many in the mainstream press, i wanted to separate the world of photographers into them, who trade in picture of bodies or chase celebrities, and us, the serious news people. but after 16 years in that role. i came to wonder whether the two worlds were easily distinguishable.working in the reput

10、able world of journalism, i assigned photographers to cover other peoples nightmares. i justified invading _7moments of grief, under the guise(借口) of the readers right to know. i didnt ask photographers to trespass(冒犯) or to stalk(跟蹤), but i didnt have to: i worked with pros(同行) who did what others

11、did: talking their way into situations or shooting from behind police lines to get pictures i was after. and i wasnt alone.in the aftermath of a car crash or some other hideous incident when ordinary people are hurt or killed, you rarely see photographers pushing past rescue workers to capture the b

12、lood and gore(血雨腥風(fēng)). but you are likely to see the local newspaper and television photographers on the scene - and fast.how can we justify our behavior? journalists are taught to separate doing the job from worrying about the consequence of publishing what they record. repeatedly, they are reminded

13、of a news-business dictum(格言): leave your conscience in the office. you get the picture of the footage: the decision whether to print or air it comes later. a victim may lie bleeding, unconscious, or dead: your job is to record the image. you put away your emotions and document the scene.we act this

14、 way partly because we know that the pictures can have important meaning. photographs can change deplorable(凄慘的) situations by mobilizing public outrage or increase public understanding.however, disastrous events often bring out the worst in photographers and photo editors. in the first minutes and

15、hours after a _8disaster occurs, photo agencies buy pictures. often an agency buys a picture from a local newspaper or an amateur photographer and put it up for bid by major magazines. the most keenly sought exclusives command tens of thousands of dollars through bidding contests.many people believe

16、 that journalists need to change the way they do things, and its our pictures that annoy people the most. readers may not believe, as we do, that there is a distinction between sober-minded us and sleazy(低級庸俗的) them. in too many cases, by our choices of images as well as how we get them, we prove ou

17、r readers right.16. the writer never get an offer for a photograph of a dead person.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned答案：c解析：如果你看不懂意思，則采用我們課堂上講的方法：將該題的黑體定位詞放在一起在文章中查找，沒有相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)。17. the writer was a photographer sixteen years ago.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned答案：b解析：文章第一段中出現(xiàn) after 16 years in that role，表示作者已經(jīng)

18、 _9工作 16 年，而不是指 16 年前的事。該題為數(shù)字（時(shí)間）事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)辨認(rèn)。18. the writer believes that shooting peoples nightmares is justifiable.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned答案：b解析：注意該題為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。將該題定位在第 2 段后發(fā)現(xiàn)，原文是過去時(shí)。單憑這一點(diǎn)，該題為 b。當(dāng)然，如果你能看懂整個文章大意，從意思上從理解上也可以確定。19. news photographers are usually a problem for rescue workers at an acciden

19、t.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned答案：c解析：在第 3 段可以找到定位詞in the aftermath of a car crash or some other hideous incident when ordinary people are hurt or killed, you rarely see photographers pushing past rescue workers to capture the blood and gore(血雨腥風(fēng))，但這些定位詞放在一起所表達(dá)的意思不是題目的意思。題目為這些新聞攝影工作者在事故現(xiàn)場常常成為救援人員 _1

20、0的問題。，該內(nèi)容在文中找不到。還記得課堂上講的選項(xiàng) c 的幾種情況：1。主語未提；2。賓語或其他成分未提；3。所表達(dá)的意思未提。20. journalists arent supposed to think about whether they are doing the right thing.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned答案：a解析：該題為第四段的概括，為我們課堂上講的 6 大測試點(diǎn)中最難的一個。第四段通篇講了作為一個記者，他的職業(yè)要求他應(yīng)該怎樣去做，用一句話表示，就是我們題目所表達(dá)的記者不應(yīng)考慮他們所做的事情是否合適。21. editors sometim

21、es have to pay a lot of money for exclusive pictures.a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned答案：a解析：定位于第 6 段最后一句，為該句的同義改寫。22. many people say that they are annoyed by the u.s. news pictures. _11a.rightb.wrongc.not mentioned答案：a解析：見最后一段第 2 句。該題為原句的同義改寫，為我們課堂上講的同義改寫的一種：主動改被動。第三部分：概括大意與完成句子閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有 2 項(xiàng)測試，任務(wù)：

22、(1)1-4 題要求從所給的 4 個選項(xiàng)中為段每段選擇 1 個正確的小標(biāo)題;(2)第 5-8題要求從所給的 5 個選項(xiàng)中選擇 4 個正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個句子。the storyteller1.steven spielberg has always had one goal: to tell as many great stories to as many people as will listen. and thats what he has always been about. the son of a computer scientist and a pianist, spielberg

23、 spent his early childhood in new jersey and, later, arizona. from the very beginning, his fertile imagination filled his young mind with images that would later inspire his filmmaking.2.even decades later, spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years, which are the origins of some of

24、his biggest hits. he believes that e.t.is the result of the difficult years leading up to his parents 1966 divorce, it is really about a young boy who was in search _12of some stability in his life.he was scared of just about everything, recalls his mother, leah adler.when trees brushed against the

25、house, he would head into my bed. and thats just the kind of scary stuff he would put in films like poltergeist.3.spielberg was 11 when he first got his hands on his dads movie camera and began shooting short flicks about flying saucers and world war battles. spielbergs talent for scary storytelling

26、 enabled him to make friends. on boy scout camping trips, when night fell, spielberg became the center of attention.steven would start telling his ghost stories, says richard y.hoffman jr., leader of troop 294, and everyone would suddenly get quiet so that they could all hear it.4. spielberg moved t

27、o california with his father and went to high school there, but his grades were so bad that he barely graduated. both ucla and usc film schools rejected him, so he entered california state university at long beach because it was close to hollywood. spielberg was determined to make movies, and he man

28、aged to get an unpaid, non-credit internship(實(shí)習(xí))in hollywood. soon he was given a contract, and he dropped out of college. he never looked back.5. now, many years later, spielberg is still telling stories with as much passion as the kid in the tent. ask him where he gets his ideas, spielberg shrugs.

29、the process for me is mostly intuitive (憑直覺的), he says.there are films that i feel i need to make, for a variety of reasons, _13for personal reasons, for reasons that i want to have fun, that the subject matter is cool, that i think my kids will like it. and sometimes i just think that it will make

30、a lot of money, like the sequel(續(xù)集) to jurassic park.a.getting into the movie businessb.inspirations for his moviesc.an aim of lifed.telling stories to make friendse.the trouble of making moviesf.a funny man23.paragraph 1_c_ 解析：aim=goal，利用了主題句中的主題詞的同義詞做選項(xiàng)。24.paragraph 2_b_ 解析：根據(jù)該段的第 1 句even decades

31、later, spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years, which are the origins of some of his biggest hits，origin 根源、起因，與 b 選項(xiàng)中的 inspiration（啟示、啟發(fā)）為近義詞。另可參考第一段的最后一句 from the very beginning, his fertile imagination filled his young mind with images that would later inspire his filmmaking中的i

32、nspire，可以判斷得知。兩句講的是同一意思。25.paragraph 3_d_解析：該段第一句很容易讓人想到選項(xiàng) a，但實(shí)際上第 2 句才是主題句，因?yàn)橹蟮钠溆嗑渥佣际菄@第 2 句講述、舉例的，即：spielberg 講鬼的故事，大家都愛聽，他也成為大家的中心。 _1426.paragraph 4_a_解析：該段沒有主題句，但都講述了spielberg 的中學(xué)到大學(xué)的經(jīng)歷，一句接一句走向高潮，最終的結(jié)果是他收到好來鎢的簽約合同，決定輟學(xué)，其中的含義即是踏入影視界。該題為課堂講的無主題段落。a.making children laughb.almost everythingc.a lot

33、 of moneyd.his childhood memoriese.telling scary storiesf.a number of reasons27.some of spielbergs most successful movies came from _d_解析：定位于第 2 段even decades later, spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years, which are the origins of some of his biggest hits.這里 biggest hits 即是 themo

34、st successful movies 的同義表達(dá)，hit=successful event。d 選項(xiàng)中的 childhood=his earliest years.28.when spielberg was a boy, he used to be scared of _b_解析：在第 2 段中描寫了他童年的經(jīng)歷，其中he was scared of just about everything正是本題的答案提示。29.spielberg is very good at _e_解析：第 3 段中的spielbergs talent for scary storytelling enabled

35、 him to make friends.，talent for scary storytelling=be good at scary storytelling. _15talent for =擅長于、在。 。方面有才能=good at(擅長于)。給出的前半句利用了同義詞替換。30.spielberg says he makes movies for _f_解析：最后一段中there are films that i feel i need to make, for a variety of reasons, for personal reasons, for reasons that i

36、want to have fun, that the subject matter is cool, that i think my kids will like it. and sometimes i just think that it will make a lot of money, like the sequel(續(xù)集) to jurassic park.講到了他拍攝電影出于很多種原因。所以，定位準(zhǔn)確非常重要。23.paragraph 1_c_ 解析：aim=goal，利用了主題句中的主題詞的同義詞做選項(xiàng)。24.paragraph 2_b_ 解析：根據(jù)該段的第 1 句“even de

37、cades later， spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years， which are the origins of some of his biggest hits” ，origin 根源、起因，與 b 選項(xiàng)中的inspiration（啟示、啟發(fā)）為近義詞。另可參考第一段的最后一句 “from the very beginning， his fertile imagination filled his young mind with images that would later inspire his filmm

38、aking”中的inspire，可以判斷得知。兩句講的是同一意思。25.paragraph 3_d_解析：該段第一句很容易讓人想到選項(xiàng) a，但實(shí)際上第 2 句才是主題句，因?yàn)橹蟮钠溆嗑渥佣际菄@第 2 句講述、舉例的，即：spielberg 講鬼的故事，大家都愛聽，他也成為大家的中心。 _1626.paragraph 4_a_解析：該段沒有主題句，但都講述了 spielberg 的中學(xué)到大學(xué)的經(jīng)歷，一句接一句走向高潮，最終的結(jié)果是他收到好來鎢的簽約合同，決定輟學(xué)，其中的含義即是“踏入影視界” 。該題為課堂講的無主題段落。27.some of spielbergs most successfu

39、l movies came from _d_解析：定位于第 2 段“even decades later， spielberg says he has clear memories of his earliest years， which are the origins of some of his biggest hits.”這里 biggest hits 即是 themost successful movies 的同義表達(dá)，hit=successful event.d 選項(xiàng)中的 childhood=his earliest years.28.when spielberg was a boy

40、， he used to be scared of _b_解析：在第 2 段中描寫了他童年的經(jīng)歷，其中“he was scared of just about everything”正是本題的答案提示。29.spielberg is very good at _e_解析：第 3 段中的“spielbergs talent for scary storytelling enabled him to make friends.” ，talent for scary storytelling=be good at scary storytelling. talent for =擅長于、在方面有才能=

41、good at（擅長于）。給出的前半句利用了同義詞替換。30.spielberg says he makes movies for _f_解析：最后一段中“there are films that i feel i need to make， for a variety of reasons， for personal reasons， for reasons that i want to have fun， that the subject matter is cool， that i think my kids will like _17it. and sometimes i just t

42、hink that it will make a lot of money， like the sequel（續(xù)集） to jurassic park.”講到了他拍攝電影出于很多種原因。所以，定位準(zhǔn)確非常重要。第四部分：閱讀理解。短文后有 5 道題，每題后面有 4 個選項(xiàng)。請仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，從 4 個選項(xiàng)中選擇 1 個最佳答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。第一篇 the national trustthe national trust in britain plays an increasingly important part in the preservation for

43、 public enjoyment of the best that is left unspoiled of the british countryside. although the trust has received practical and moral support from the government, it is not a rich government department. it is a voluntary association of people who care for the unspoiled countryside and historic buildi

44、ngs of britain. it is a charity which depends for its existence on voluntary support from members of the public. its primary duty is to protect places of great natural beauty and places of historical interest.the attention of the public was first drawn to the dangers threatening the great old houses

45、 and the castles of britain by the death of the lord lothian, who left his great seventeenth-century house to the trust together with the 4500-acre park and estate surrounding it. this gift attracted wide publicity and started the trusts country house scheme. _18under this scheme, with the help of t

46、he government and the general public, the trust has been able to save and make accessible to the public about 150 of these old houses. last year, about 1.75 million people paid to visit these historic houses, usually at a very small charge.in addition to country houses and open spaces, the trust now

47、 owns some examples of ancient wind and water mills, nature reserves, 540 farms and nearly 2500 cottages or small village houses, as well as some complete villages. in these villages no one is allowed to build, develop or disturb the old village environment in any way and all the houses are maintain

48、ed in their original 16th century style. over 4,000 acres of coastline , woodland, and hill country are protected by the trust and no development or disturbances of any kind are permitted. the public has free access to these areas and is only asked to respect the peace, beauty and wildlife.over the

49、past 80 years the trust has become a big and important organization and an essential and respected part of national life. it helps to preserve all that and of historical significance not only for future generations of britons but also for the millions of tourists who each year invade britain in sear

50、ch of a great historic and cultural heritage.31. the national trust is aa. government agency depending on voluntary services.b. non-profit organization depending on voluntary services. _19c. government department but is not rich.d. private organization supported by the government.答案：b解析：although the

51、 trust has received practical and moral support from the government, it is not a rich government department. it is a voluntary association of people who care for the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings of britain. it is a charity which depends for its existence on voluntary support from mem

52、bers of the public.根據(jù)相關(guān)描述，排除了 a、c 和 d。32. the national trust is dedicated toa. preserving the best public enjoyment.b. providing the public with free access to historic buildings.c. offering better services to visitors home and abroad.d. protecting the unspoiled countryside and historic buildings.答案

53、：d解析：根據(jù)第一段最后一句：its primary duty is to protect places of great natural beauty and places of historical interest. d 選項(xiàng)用了劃線部分的同義詞表達(dá)。33. we can infer from paragraph 2 that lord lothiana. donated all his money to the trust.b. started the country house scheme.c. saved many old country houses in britain. 本

54、題缺選項(xiàng) _2034. all the following can be inferred from the passage excepta. the trust is more interested in protecting the 16th century houses.b. many people came to visit the historic houses saved by the trust.c. visitors can get free access to some places owned by the trust.d. the trust has a story wh

55、ich is longer than 80 years.答案：a解析：該題為復(fù)合題型，為推理判斷+是非判斷。根據(jù)課堂上所講的比較、數(shù)字、專有名詞等明顯測試點(diǎn)的選項(xiàng)優(yōu)先考慮，只有a 不合乎原文，a 中的比較級在文章中沒有。35. the word invade in paragraph 4 is closet in meaning toa. come in without permission.b. enter with invitation.c. visit in large numbers.d. appear all of a sudden.答案：c解析：如果沒有上下文，則該詞的意思是 a（

56、侵略） 。但結(jié)合上下文，則應(yīng)該選 c，意思是：大量的游客涌入英國。第二篇 a new strategy to overcome breast cancerpost-menopausal(絕經(jīng)后)women who walk for an hour a day can cut their chance of breast cancer significantly, a study has suggested. the report, which followed 73,000 women for 17 years, found walking for at least seven hours a

57、 week lowered the risk of the disease. the american _21cancer society team said this was the first time reduced risk was specifically linked to walking. uk experts said it was more evidence that lifestyle influenced cancer risk.a recent poll for the charity ramblers a quarter of adults walk for no m

58、ore than an hour a week, but being active is known to reduce the risk of a number of cancers. this study, published in cancer epidemiology, biomarkers&prevention, followed 73.615 women out of 97,785 aged 50-74 who had been recruited by the american cancer society between 1992 and 1993,so it coul

59、d monitor the incidence of cancer in the group.they were asked to complete questionnaires on their health and on how much time they were active and participating in activities such as walking, swimming and aerobics(有氧運(yùn)動)and how much time they spent sitting watching television or reading. they comple

60、ted the same questionnaires at two-year intervals between 1997 and 2009. of the women,47% said walking was their only recreational activity. those who walked for at least seven hours per week had a 14% lower risk of breast cancer compared to those who walked three or fewer hours per week.dr. alpa patel,