名師指津2016高三英語(人教版)一輪復(fù)習(xí)課件：必修1-Unit 4

1、名師指津名師指津20162016高三英語高三英語( (人教版人教版) )一輪復(fù)習(xí)課件：必修一輪復(fù)習(xí)課件：必修1-Unit 41-Unit 4名師指津基礎(chǔ)知識自測基礎(chǔ)知識自測 1. _ n. 地震地震2. _ n. 管；導(dǎo)管管；導(dǎo)管3. _ n. 事件；事件； 大事大事4. _ n. 運河；水道運河；水道5. _ n. 磚；磚塊磚；磚塊brick earthquakepipeeventcanal6. _ n. 掩蔽處；避身處掩蔽處；避身處7. _ n. 要點；大綱；輪廓要點；大綱；輪廓8. _ n. 災(zāi)難；災(zāi)禍災(zāi)難；災(zāi)禍9. _ vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隱藏埋葬；掩埋；隱藏10. _ vi. (bu

2、rst, burst)爆發(fā)爆發(fā)burst shelteroutlinedisasterbury11. _ adj. 極度的極度的12. _ adv. 真誠地真誠地; 真摯地真摯地13. _ n. 廢墟廢墟 vt.毀滅毀滅14. _ vt. 表示表示; 表達(dá)表達(dá) n.快車快車15. _ n. 裁判員裁判員; vt.斷定斷定judge extremesincerelyruinexpress(A)單詞派生單詞派生 二、單詞拓展二、單詞拓展1. _ n.礦，礦山礦，礦山 _ n. 礦工礦工2. _ v. 判斷判斷 _ n. 判斷；辨別力判斷；辨別力 judgment mineminerjudge3.

3、_ vt. 損害損害; 傷害傷害 _ n. 損害損害; 傷害傷害 _ adj.受傷的受傷的4. _ v. 祝賀祝賀; 恭喜恭喜 _ n. 祝賀祝賀; (復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù))賀詞賀詞 congratulation injureinjuryinjuredcongratulate5. _ adj. 電的電的; 導(dǎo)電的導(dǎo)電的 _ n. 電電; 電流電流; 電學(xué)電學(xué) _ adj.與電有關(guān)的與電有關(guān)的6. _ v. (使使)驚嚇驚嚇 _ adj. 受驚的受驚的; 受恐嚇的受恐嚇的 _ adj. 令人恐懼的令人恐懼的frightening electricelectricityelectricalfrightenfr

4、ightened1. Two players are out of the team because of _.(injure)介詞后要接名詞。介詞后要接名詞。2. My personal _ is that he is to blame. (judge) 形容詞后接名詞構(gòu)成名詞詞組作形容詞后接名詞構(gòu)成名詞詞組作主語。主語。judgementinjury3. I think it is dangerous for _ (mine) to work in such terrible conditions.miners意為意為“礦工礦工”。4. His _ (frighten) eyes made

5、 the boy feel_ .5. Bob left me his _(electric) fan before he went to London. 形容詞修飾后面的名詞。形容詞修飾后面的名詞。frighteningfrightenedelectric感到恐懼的感到恐懼的令人恐懼的令人恐懼的1. _ 立刻立刻; 馬上馬上2. _ 許多許多; 大量的大量的3. _ 結(jié)束結(jié)束; 終結(jié)終結(jié)4. _ 嚴(yán)重受損嚴(yán)重受損; 成為廢墟成為廢墟三、短語翻譯三、短語翻譯in ruins right awaya (great) number ofat an end5. _ 掘出掘出; 發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)6. _ 仿佛仿

6、佛; 好像好像7. _ 代替代替8. _ 像往常一樣像往常一樣as usual dig outas ifinstead of9. _ 被困住被困住, 被套住被套住10. _ 橫切橫切11. _ 三分之二三分之二12. _ 災(zāi)害侵襲的地區(qū)災(zāi)害侵襲的地區(qū)disaster-hit areasbe trappedcut across two thirds 四、語篇填空四、語篇填空 At 3:42 a.m. everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end! Eleven kilometres 1 _(direct) b

7、elow the city, the 2 _(great) earthquake of the 20th century had begun. It was felt in Beijing, 3 _is more than two hundred kilometres away. One-third of the nation felt it. A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals. directly greatest whic

8、h Steam burst from holes 4 _ the ground. Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city 5 _ (lie) in ruins. The suffering of the people 6 _(be) extreme. Two-thirds of them died 7 _were injured during the earthquake. Thousands of families were killed and many 8 _ (

9、child) were left without parents. in lay was or children 9 _ number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan. More buildings fell down. Water, food, and electricity were hard 10 _(get). People began to wonder how lon

10、g the disaster would last. The to get 1. directly 修飾介詞短語作狀語，用副詞，意修飾介詞短語作狀語，用副詞，意為為“正好正好”在這座城市下面。在這座城市下面。2. greatest 前有前有the，后有，后有of the 20th century表表示范圍，可以確定用最高級。示范圍，可以確定用最高級。 3. which 引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作主語，先引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作主語，先行詞是行詞是Beijing。4. in 說地上有洞，其實是地里有洞，故用說地上有洞，其實是地里有洞，故用in；類似的墻上有洞，也用類似的墻上有洞，也用in。5. l

11、ay 由上下文中的謂語動詞時態(tài)可知，用一由上下文中的謂語動詞時態(tài)可知，用一般過去時，般過去時，lie的過去時是的過去時是lay。lie in ruins成為成為廢墟。廢墟。6. was 主語是主語是The suffering(痛苦痛苦)，第三人，第三人稱單數(shù)，一般過去時，故填稱單數(shù)，一般過去時，故填was。7. or 指死了指死了“或者或者”受傷。受傷。8. children 受受many修飾要用復(fù)數(shù)。修飾要用復(fù)數(shù)。9. The 從后面的數(shù)字看是指從后面的數(shù)字看是指“數(shù)量數(shù)量”，表，表示示“的數(shù)量的數(shù)量”用用the number of。10. to get 在作表語或補語的形容詞后只能在作表語

12、或補語的形容詞后只能用不定式作狀語。用不定式作狀語。五、語段改錯五、語段改錯 All hope was not lost. Soon after the quakesthe army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshanto helping the rescue workers. Hundreds of thousands people were helped. The army organized teams to dig out those that were trapped and to bury the dead. ofhelpwhoTo the nort

13、h of the city, most of the10,000 minersare rescued from the coal mines here. Workers built shelters to survivors whose home had been destroyed. Fresh water was taken to the city by the train, truck and plane. Slow, the city began tobreath again.breathehomesthereSlowlyforwere1. helping help 作目的狀語用不定式

14、作目的狀語用不定式(to do)。2. 在在people前加前加of 表示具體幾千人不用表示具體幾千人不用of，thousand也不用復(fù)數(shù)，如也不用復(fù)數(shù)，如three thousand people；表示數(shù)以千計的人，表示數(shù)以千計的人，thousands后要加后要加of。3. that who 當(dāng)先行詞是指人的當(dāng)先行詞是指人的those時，只能時，只能用用who引導(dǎo)定語從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句。4. are were 由上下文謂語動詞時態(tài)可知，用過由上下文謂語動詞時態(tài)可知，用過去時。去時。5. here there 指這座城市北面的煤礦指這座城市北面的煤礦“那里那里”。6. to for 表示表示“

15、為某人為某人”造庇護(hù)所造庇護(hù)所/房子，用房子，用for sb.。7. home homes 由前面的由前面的shelters和和survivors可可知，用復(fù)數(shù)。知，用復(fù)數(shù)。8. 去掉去掉by后的后的the 用用by表示表示“乘乘”車車/船船/飛機(jī)等，飛機(jī)等，習(xí)慣上說習(xí)慣上說by bus /train/boat/plane，不用冠詞。，不用冠詞。9. Slow Slowly 位于句首，修飾全句，用副詞位于句首，修飾全句，用副詞作狀語。作狀語。10. breath breathe 表示開始做某事是表示開始做某事是begin to do sth.，故名詞，故名詞breath要改為動詞要改為動詞br

16、eathe。重點詞匯講練重點詞匯講練 原句原句 In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 城城市里市里, 一些大樓的水管破裂了。一些大樓的水管破裂了。(B1P26)1. burst v. 爆裂爆裂; 突發(fā)突發(fā)例句例句 The balloon suddenly burst.氣球氣球突然爆炸了。突然爆炸了。burst in闖進(jìn)來；突然插嘴闖進(jìn)來；突然插嘴 burst into laughter=burst out laughing放聲大笑放聲大笑 burst into tears=burst out cryi

17、ng放聲大哭放聲大哭搭配搭配 When we were chatting in the room, he burst _.運用運用 填入一個恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~。填入一個恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~。 The audience burst _ cheers. As she was talking, the old man burst _crying with excitement.out into in2. injure vt. 傷害，使受傷，損害傷害，使受傷，損害例句例句 Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.三分之二的人在這次地震中死去

18、或受三分之二的人在這次地震中死去或受傷。傷。理解理解 說出下列各句的漢語意思。說出下列各句的漢語意思。 He injured his knee yesterday. I hope I didnt injure her feelings. Dishonest injures a business. 欺騙有害生意。欺騙有害生意。他昨天傷了膝蓋。他昨天傷了膝蓋。我希望我沒有傷害她的感情。我希望我沒有傷害她的感情。3. destroy vt. 破壞；毀壞；消滅破壞；毀壞；消滅(damage sth. so badly that it cannot be repaired or it no longer

19、 exists，works， etc.)例句例句 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. 無論人們朝哪無論人們朝哪里看，哪里的一切都幾乎被毀了。里看，哪里的一切都幾乎被毀了。 destroy強(qiáng)烈摧毀，無法或難以修復(fù)；強(qiáng)烈摧毀，無法或難以修復(fù)；毀掉毀掉(名譽、希望、計劃等名譽、希望、計劃等)。如：。如：The houses were destroyed by a fire. 房屋房屋被火災(zāi)所毀。被火災(zāi)所毀。 ruin(逐漸逐漸)徹底毀滅；弄壞徹底毀滅；弄壞(美好經(jīng)歷或美好經(jīng)歷或有用物有用物)。如：。如：Oxford has

20、been ruined by the motor industry. 牛津城已經(jīng)被汽車工業(yè)毀掉了。牛津城已經(jīng)被汽車工業(yè)毀掉了。辨析辨析 destroy，ruin & damage damage可修復(fù)的部分損壞或損害，指可修復(fù)的部分損壞或損害，指其價值或功能等降低。其價值或功能等降低。They managed to repair the houses that had been damaged. 他們設(shè)法修復(fù)了受到他們設(shè)法修復(fù)了受到破壞的房屋。破壞的房屋。運用運用 用上述詞填空，并譯成漢語。用上述詞填空，并譯成漢語。 What he said _ our last hope. She p

21、oured water all over my painting, and_ it. Her heart was slightly _ as a result of her long illness.由于生病，她的心臟輕微受損。由于生病，她的心臟輕微受損。(功能降低功能降低)destroyed他說的話摧毀了我們最后的希望。他說的話摧毀了我們最后的希望。ruined她把水全倒在了我的畫上，把畫毀了。她把水全倒在了我的畫上，把畫毀了。(有用物有用物被糟蹋被糟蹋)damaged4. shock v. (使使)震驚；震動震驚；震動 n. 休克；休克；打擊；震驚打擊；震驚例句例句 Sand now fi

22、lled the wells instead of water. People were shocked. 井里滿井里滿是沙子而不是水了，人們驚呆了。是沙子而不是水了，人們驚呆了。用法用法 作作n.表示表示“令人震驚的事令人震驚的事”時，時，前用前用a。派生派生 _ adj. (人人)感到震驚的感到震驚的 _ adj. (事事)令人震驚的令人震驚的shockingshocked翻譯翻譯 聽到這個消息，我十分震驚。聽到這個消息，我十分震驚。（一句多譯）（一句多譯）a. I _ to hear the news.b. I _ the news.c. _me to hear the news.d.

23、The news _ a shock.gave me was shockedwas shocked atIt shocked5. rescue n. & vt. 援救；營救援救；營救(savefrom harm or danger；set free)例句例句 Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins. 有些醫(yī)生和救援人員被困在廢墟下面。有些醫(yī)生和救援人員被困在廢墟下面。搭配搭配rescuefrom 從從中搶救或營救中搶救或營救 go/come to ones rescue援救或幫助某人援救或幫

24、助某人 rescue work/ workers搶救工作搶救工作/ 救援人員救援人員 rescue多指在直接的危險或禍患中給予迅速多指在直接的危險或禍患中給予迅速和有效的救援，較和有效的救援，較save更能表達(dá)拯救的緊迫性，更能表達(dá)拯救的緊迫性，一般指救人；它還有從監(jiān)禁中救出的意思。一般指救人；它還有從監(jiān)禁中救出的意思。 save指通過救援不但使受害者指通過救援不但使受害者(人或物人或物)能脫能脫離危險或禍患，而且使其能保存下來，有時可離危險或禍患，而且使其能保存下來，有時可與與rescue通用。從某種狀態(tài)中把某人拯救出來通用。從某種狀態(tài)中把某人拯救出來多用多用save。辨析辨析 rescue

25、 & save 運用運用 用用rescue或或save填空填空,并說明理由。并說明理由。 只有社會主義才能救中國。只有社會主義才能救中國。Only socialism can_ China. 救生艇被派出去救沉船的水手。救生艇被派出去救沉船的水手。The life boat was sent out to _ the sailors from the sinking ship. save rescue 指從狀態(tài)中拯救出，多用指從狀態(tài)中拯救出，多用save。從危險中拯救，拯救的緊迫性，用從危險中拯救，拯救的緊迫性，用rescue更好。更好。 消防隊員行動及時，該建筑物才免消防隊員行動及時

26、，該建筑物才免遭焚毀。遭焚毀。The quick action of the firemen_the building from being burned down. saved 救的對象是物，多用救的對象是物，多用save。 6. trap vt. 使陷入困境使陷入困境 n. 陷阱；困境陷阱；困境運用運用 他們被困在發(fā)生火災(zāi)的旅館里。他們被困在發(fā)生火災(zāi)的旅館里。They _ the burning hotel. were trapped in7. lie/be in ruins 成為廢墟成為廢墟例句例句 The whole building lay in ruins after a terr

27、ible earthquake. 整棟大樓整棟大樓在一次可怕的地震后變成廢墟。在一次可怕的地震后變成廢墟。翻譯翻譯 暴風(fēng)雨過后，他的房子已成廢墟。暴風(fēng)雨過后，他的房子已成廢墟。 聯(lián)想聯(lián)想fall into ruin完全毀掉；坍塌；破敗不堪完全毀掉；坍塌；破敗不堪After the storm, his house lay in ruins.原句原句 Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping. 因為地震是在人們睡因為地震是在人們睡覺的時候發(fā)生的覺的時候發(fā)生的, 所以

28、造成了這么多的人所以造成了這么多的人死亡。死亡。(B1P27)8. a great number of 許多許多, 大量大量 例句例句 I have a large number of letters to answer.我有許多信要回。我有許多信要回。比較比較a (great，large) number of(+復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞名詞)許多許多;the number of(+復(fù)數(shù)名復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞)的數(shù)目。前者作主語時，謂的數(shù)目。前者作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；后者作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；后者作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。語動詞用單數(shù)。The number of the people invited to

29、the party _(be)50 last night, but a number of them _ (be) absent for different reasons.1運用運用 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。waswere寫作句型仿寫寫作句型仿寫 原句原句 It seemed as if the world was at an end!世界似乎到了末日世界似乎到了末日!(B1P26)1. It seems as if 看上去好像看上去好像 ; 似似乎乎例句例句 It seemed as if the sky would fall down. 似乎天要塌下來了。似乎天要

30、塌下來了。仿寫仿寫 看上去好像除了我之外別人都知道?？瓷先ズ孟癯宋抑鈩e人都知道。_ except me.說明說明 其中其中as if 可用可用as though替代替代 It seems as if everybody knows it 原句原句 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.人們無論朝哪里人們無論朝哪里看看, 那里的一切都幾乎被毀了。那里的一切都幾乎被毀了。(B1P26)2. Everywhere無論哪里無論哪里(=wherever)例句例句 Everywhere she goes, she will rec

31、eive warm welcome.無論她走到哪無論她走到哪, 她都會受到她都會受到熱烈歡迎。熱烈歡迎。仿寫仿寫 無論他走到哪兒無論他走到哪兒, 我都會找到他。我都會找到他。_, I will find him.Everywhere he goes例句例句 All students can not go to key university after they graduate from middle school.不是所有的學(xué)生中學(xué)畢不是所有的學(xué)生中學(xué)畢業(yè)后都能上重點大學(xué)。業(yè)后都能上重點大學(xué)。3. all. not=not all.并非都并非都原句原句 All hope was not lo

32、st. 不是所有不是所有的希望都破滅了。的希望都破滅了。(B1P26)仿寫仿寫 并不是每個人都像你那么自私。并不是每個人都像你那么自私。 說明說明 all, both, each, always, every及及every的合成詞與的合成詞與not 連用時表部分否定。連用時表部分否定。_ is as selfish as you. Not everyone原句原句 The chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.雞甚至豬也太緊張雞甚至豬也太緊張了以至于不吃東西了了以至于不吃東西了。4. too+ adj./ adv. +(for sb.) to do sth. 太太以至于不以至于不例句例句 The man is too honest to play a trick like that. 這個人很誠實這個人很誠實, 不會搞那樣不會搞那樣的惡作劇的的惡作劇的。說明說明 在以下三種情況下，此結(jié)構(gòu)是肯定在以下三種情況下，此結(jié)構(gòu)是肯定意義：意義： 當(dāng)形容詞是表心情的當(dāng)形容詞是表心情的ready，glad，happy，eager，willing等時，表肯定；等時，表肯定