初三系列復(fù)習(xí)資料完形填空的考點(diǎn)集匯,講解和訓(xùn)練

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載初三系列復(fù)習(xí)資料（ 16）完形填空的考點(diǎn)集匯，講解和訓(xùn)練十六、完形填空及其解題方法【考點(diǎn)掃描】“完形填空 ”題是一種旨在考查同學(xué)語(yǔ)法和詞匯學(xué)問(wèn)綜合運(yùn)用才能的典型題型；它結(jié)合了單項(xiàng)挑選題和短文填空的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，既考查詞語(yǔ)搭配、近義詞辨異、動(dòng) 詞時(shí)態(tài)、句型結(jié)構(gòu)、 復(fù)合句的關(guān)聯(lián)和習(xí)慣用法等，又考查了規(guī)律推理和事理推斷才能；“完形填空 ”題要求填入的詞主要有：1. 語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)所要求的功能詞，如連接詞、連接代詞、連接副詞、關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞等；2. 具有語(yǔ)法變化的一般詞，如動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣，名詞的數(shù)，代詞的格，形容詞和副詞的級(jí)等；3. 固定搭配短語(yǔ)或詞組中的特定詞；4. 同義詞、近義詞等易

2、混淆詞；5. 依據(jù)上、下文意思及結(jié)構(gòu)必需填入的確定詞；可見(jiàn)，完形填空是一種綜合性較強(qiáng)的題型；它的突出特點(diǎn)是起點(diǎn)高、 容量大；同學(xué)們只有具備了扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言基本功、較好的閱讀才能及歸納判定才能，才能適應(yīng)這一題型；完形填空題的考查目的：1. 考查同學(xué)們閱讀懂得才能；2. 考查同學(xué)們語(yǔ)法學(xué)問(wèn)；3. 考查同學(xué)們綜合運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)學(xué)問(wèn)的水平和實(shí)踐才能；【名師解難】一、完形填空題的命題特點(diǎn)完形填空題是通過(guò)閱讀考查同學(xué)語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)及語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn) 綜合運(yùn)用才能的一種測(cè)試形式；命題人在一段難度適度的文章中留出 10 個(gè)空白，要求考生從所給的a, b, c, d 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)正確答案，使補(bǔ)足的短文意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整；完形填空

3、是介于單項(xiàng)填空和閱讀懂得之間的一種題型；可以說(shuō)它是依據(jù)一篇文章所供應(yīng)的情形進(jìn)行的挑選填空，也可以說(shuō)它是在缺少個(gè)別單詞情形下的閱讀懂得；完形填空既有對(duì)語(yǔ)法規(guī)章、習(xí)慣用法和詞語(yǔ)搭配的考查，又有對(duì)文章內(nèi)容的通篇懂得；完形填空主要考查以下三個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容：1、詞匯：此類題目考查的內(nèi)容是：近義詞的區(qū)分，詞語(yǔ)的固定搭配和習(xí)慣用法；近幾年陜西省中考題中的完型填空題考查的詞匯類別涉及到名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞、介詞、連詞、形容詞、副詞和短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；2、語(yǔ)法：此類題目考查的是：各種語(yǔ)法規(guī)章在文章中的運(yùn)用；其中包括名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，形容詞、副詞的比較等級(jí)，動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，介詞、數(shù)詞、代詞和連詞的用法，主謂一樣，各種從句的用法等

4、；3、結(jié)構(gòu)：此類題目考查的是：文章中間句子與句子之間，段落與段落之間，上文與下文之間的規(guī)律關(guān)系；從設(shè)空的類型看可分為三個(gè)層次：1、句子層次學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載2、句組層次3、全篇層次設(shè)空的難度，從句子層次到句組層次，再到全篇層次，依次增加；分析近幾年陜西省的完形填空題，我們可以看出陜西省完形填空題的設(shè)空主要以句子層次為主， 以句組層次為輔， 幾乎沒(méi)有全篇層次題目； 因此總體難度較低；二、完形填空的解題技巧前面我們已經(jīng)分析過(guò)，完形填空是在全面懂得短文基礎(chǔ)上的挑選填空；因此做“完型填空 ”題應(yīng)遵循以下步驟：1、通讀全文，明白大意做這類題目是，第一應(yīng)當(dāng)把文章通讀一遍，明白一下文章的大致內(nèi)容；千 萬(wàn)不要讀

5、一句填一句， 由于 “完形填空 ”題里所給的大多數(shù)選項(xiàng)填入單句后都可成立，但從全文看又不行取； 例如：20xx 年北京海淀區(qū)中考試題中的完形填空題：ahot dog is one of the most popular american foods. it was named after frankfurter, a german food.you may hear“ hot dog1 in”o ther ways. people some times say“ hot dog” toexpress 2 . for example, a friend may ask 3 you would l

6、ike to go to the cinema. you might say“ great. i would love to go.” or, yo4u.ciowuoldusldaylo,ve to g“o.”people 5 use the expression to describe 描寫(xiě)someone who is a“ s-hoofwf ” ,who tries to show everyone else how 6 he is. you often hear suchc7alled a“ hot dog” . he may be a baseball player, for exam

7、ple, who 8 the ball with one hand, making a n9 catch seem more difficult. you know he is a hot dog because when he makes such acatch, he bows 鞠躬 to the crowd, hoping to win their 10 .1. a. eatenb. usedc. cookedd. picked2. a. strengthb. practicec. pleasured. reply3. a. ifb. howc. whend. where4. a. ho

8、t dogb. don t worry c. never mindd. excuse me5. a. everb. alsoc. stilld. yet6. a. hopefulb. carefulc. kindd. great7. a. a dogb. a landc. a persond. an action8. a. catchesb. playsc. passesd. throws9. a. hardb. funnyc. excitingd. easy10. a. thanksb. cheersc. medalsd. matches假如不看后面的文章內(nèi)容，短文的第一個(gè)題所給第四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都

9、可以填入空白處，不論是從語(yǔ)法的角度， 仍是從這個(gè)句子的意思完整的角度，都是能夠站得住腳的；但假如連續(xù)看完這一段短文之后，你就會(huì)領(lǐng)會(huì)到，“hot dog在”這里不是“被吃”，“被做”，“被拿 ”，而是 “被使用 ”，只能選 used；有些同學(xué)一拿到 “完形填空 ”題，就著手去填，填到最終，才發(fā)覺(jué)所選答案語(yǔ)全文的意思不符，不得不在從頭開(kāi)頭；費(fèi)時(shí)又費(fèi)勁，仍不易做精確，這種方法是不行取的；2、瞻前顧后，逐步填空明白文章大意之后，就可逐步填空；一般來(lái)說(shuō)，文章后面所給的挑選答案可分三類：一類是語(yǔ)法正確，而意思不對(duì)；另一類是意思正確，而語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤；第學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載三類是語(yǔ)法正確，意思也正確；在挑選答案時(shí)，肯

10、定要考慮到上下文的意思，仍 要考慮到句子的結(jié)構(gòu)， 習(xí)慣用法， 固定搭配和詞類的功能， 盡量使選出的答案及復(fù)合語(yǔ)法又符合原文的意思；3、仔細(xì)復(fù)查，適當(dāng)調(diào)整填空全部做完以后，應(yīng)把短文從頭到尾再讀一遍，檢查一下填空以后的文 章是否連貫，情節(jié)是否合理，語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確；一般來(lái)說(shuō)，假如意思連貫，情 節(jié)合理， 語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)正確， 就意味著選答沒(méi)有問(wèn)題； 假如發(fā)覺(jué)個(gè)別填空使文章文理不通，語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)有問(wèn)題，就說(shuō)明選答不正確；對(duì)這樣的填空應(yīng)當(dāng)仔細(xì)推敲，進(jìn)行 調(diào)整；【中考范例】（ 20xx 年陜西省中考試題）once upon a time, some children were playing at seasidew

11、hen they found aturtle海龜. they began to beat the turtle. just at that time, a young man came andsaid to them,“ stop. ” the childre3n1ran quickly. the turtle was very thankfuland said,“ thanks for your kindness. i really would like32you to a wonderfulpalace nthe young man rode on the back of the turt

12、le and was taken to the secret palace in the sea. when he33the palace, he was very surprised and said to the turtle, “ what a nice palace.” to thank him, the kihneg toufrttles gave him34. he hadnever seen such a dinner before. he received a warm welcome there and was very35everything.after dinner, t

13、he king of the turtles said,“ i am going to giv3e6you two boxes, you can open only one.” “ you mustn t open both. don t forget it.” the turtle war him.“ all right. i will open only one,” the young許m諾anp. raotmthisisedtime, alarge wave sent him out of the sea.after he37 , he opened the bigger one of

14、the two boxes.38 the box was fullof gold.“ my god. ” he cried. 39“noiw. ”m then he thought,“ things in the otherbox must be expensive, too.” he could not wait any longer. he broke his promise andopened the other box. as soon as he opened it, he became an old man. his hair turned white. his face40an

15、old man over eighty years old. it all happened in a moment.he was sorry for what he did, but it was too late.31. a. through b. away c. into d. out32. a. wanting b. asking c. to let d. to invite33. a. left for b. arrived on c. arrived at d. got away34. a. a very big dinnerb. a very poor dinnerc. a ve

16、ry bad dinnerd. a very small dinner35. a. pleased with b. strict in c. angry with d. sorry for36. a. so b. or c. but d. as37. a. went back to homeb. was back homec. went back to the sea d.was back the sea38. a. to his surprisingb. to onesusrprisingc. to one s surprised. to his surprise39. a. a poor

17、manb. a rich manc. an old mand. a young man學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載40. a. liked b. felt like c. looked like d. looked31. b 依據(jù)上下文判定，那些孩子們應(yīng)當(dāng)是跑走了；所以應(yīng)選away；32. d would like之后應(yīng)接不定式，年輕人就了海龜?shù)拿?，海龜?yīng)是“邀請(qǐng)年輕人到宮殿去； ”33. c 到達(dá)某個(gè)地方應(yīng)用arrived at；34. a 依據(jù)規(guī)律， 海龜國(guó)王要感謝他， 必定設(shè)盛宴款待他； 所以應(yīng)選 a big dinner；35. a 海龜國(guó)王盛情款待他，所以他對(duì)一切都中意；pleased with

18、 everything 表示的就是這個(gè)意思；36. c 海龜國(guó)王給了他兩個(gè)盒子，但只準(zhǔn)他打開(kāi)一個(gè)；這里有一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)選 but；37. b 年輕人在海里見(jiàn)到了海龜國(guó)王，得到了兩個(gè)盒子以后，應(yīng)當(dāng)回家，而不是回到海里；而回家應(yīng)是went back home；38. d 使他感到驚奇的是，用英語(yǔ)表示就是to his surprise；39. b 他得到了金子，當(dāng)然應(yīng)當(dāng)是a rich man；40.c 由于貪心，他的頭發(fā)變白了，臉“看起來(lái) ”像八十多歲的老頭；從 20xx 年的完形填空題來(lái)看，難度不大，全部題目都屬于句子層次；只要看懂了短文的意思， 把握了一些短語(yǔ)的固定搭配，再多做一些精選的練

19、習(xí)， 做好完形填空題是不難的；【滿分演練】1a very new, yung officer was at a railway station. he was on his way to visit his mother in 1 town. he wanted to telephone her to tell her the time of his train, 2 she could meet him at the 3 in her car. he looked at all his pockets, but 4 that he did not have the right money f

20、or the telephone, so he went on andlooked5for someone to help him. at last an old soldier came by, and the young officer stopped him and said,“ can you change th6e mmoen.”ey“wait a moment, ” the soldie7r see whether i can help you. ”, and he began to put his hand in his 8“i ll“dont you know how to s

21、peak to an officer.” the young officer said angrily“ now let9sagain, can you change the money for me.”“no, sir,” the old soldier answe1re0d .1aotherbthe otherc anotherd one2asobso thatc becaused when3aplacebstationc streetd stop4aknewbthoughtc foundd found out5aupbdownc aroundd into6atobwithc ford a

22、nd7aansweredbspokec toldd smiled8acoatbhandbagc walletd pocket9astartbto beginc doingd ask10aeasilybfastc happilyd quickly2學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載one of charlie chaplins most famous films was“the gold rush ” the film was set in california in the middle of the1century. at that time, gold was discoveredin california

23、 and thousands of people2there to look for gold, so itbecame3as“ the gold rush” people saidulgdold4co be picked up by washingsand from the river in a pan of water. this was known as“ panning for gold”in the film, chaplin and his friend are in california. so far, they havebeen5in their search for gol

24、d and have no money at all. they 6in a snow storm in a small wooden house. they have 7they are so hungry that they8a pair of shoes, by boiling them in a pan of water. chaplin sits down9the table and eats the shoe. he makes it seem as if this is one of the10meals that he has ever enjoyed.1.a nineteen

25、b ninetiethcnineteenthd ninth2.a wentb leftcclimbd found3.a famousb knowncwonderfuld great4.a hardb easilycdifficultyd slowly5.a unhappyb unsuccessfullycunluckyd unluckily6.a have gotb meetcare caughtd live7.a a little foodb some watercnothingd nothing to eat8.a wearb cookcmaked mend9.a atb bycneard

26、 beside10.abiggestb dearestccheapestd most delicious3once there was a boy in toronto. his name was jimmy. he started drawing when he was three years old, and when he was five he was already very 1 at it. he drew many beautiful interesting pictures, and many people 2 his pictures. they thought this b

27、oy was going to be 3 when he was a little older, and then they were going to 4 these pictures for a lot of money.jimmy's pictures were quite different from other 5 because he never drew on all of the paper. he drew on 6 of it, and the other half was always 7 . "that's very clever,"

28、 everybody said. " 8 other people have ever done that before."one day somebody asked him, "please tell me, jimmy. why do you draw on the bottom 底部 half of your pictures, 9 not on the top half.""because i'm small," jimmy said, "and my brushes 毛1. a.poorb.sadc.gl

29、add.good2. a.boughtb.broughtc.soldd.took3. a.differentb.cleverc.famousd.rich4. a.buyb.showc.leaved.sell5. a.men'sb.people'sc.boy'sd.child's6. a.halfb.partc.sided.end7. a.fullb.emptyc.wrongd.ready8. a.nob.somec.anyd.many9. a.thenb.andc.butd.or10. a.changeb.turnc.pulld.reach筆 can't

30、 10 very high."學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載4"jane, please let me borrow a dollar," jenny asked as they stood in the school lunch. "i have one in my jacket, but i don't want to 1 and lose my place.""ok," agreed jane.jane waited all day for jenny to 2 back the dollar she borrowed, b

31、ut jenny seemed to be 3 . "she's just forgotten," thought jane. "i don't want to 4 her angry." still, her money didn't go far. some classmates, like jenny, were getting five dollars a week.weeks went by. at last jane got up enough courage to tell her about the 5 . &qu

32、ot;oh, jane, i forgot." jenny said, "i'll 6 the dollar tomorrow."the next day jenny seemed to have forgotten again. during the noon hour jane sawher 7 sweets for mary and ann. jenny saw jane looking at her. 8 she said something in a low voice to the other two girls. jane felt 9 an

33、d asked her teacher if she could go back to the classroom. in the classroom, jane saw two new pencils in jenny's desk. an 10 came to her."jenny's not kind lately, and anyway, she really owes me. a dollar doesn't mean anything to her, but it means a lot to me."1. a.stayb.waitc.l

34、eaved.take2. a.returnb.lendc.showd.pay3. a.busyb.happyc.freed.sad4. a.letb.makec.keepd.find5. a.moneyb.lunchc.placed.classmate6. a.rememberb.bringc.gived.pass7. a.borrowingb.makingc.sellingd.buying8. a.evenb.againc.thend.instead9. a.aloneb.sadc.hungryd.lucky10. a.endb.answerc.idead.excuse5monday is

35、the beginning of the week; it is the day most americans like worst.the day they 1 most is saturday. saturday is the 2 of the workweek; it is the beginning of the weekend.life is 3 on the weekend; most americans 4 care of their houses,cars and gardens. they sleep 5 in the morning. they enjoy the feel

36、ing that the time 6 to move more slowly.the workweek is for things you 7 to do; the weekend is for things you 8 to do. some people may get in a car for a 9 in the country. they like to take part in a sports activity out of doors. and on saturday night they might go to public eating 10 or a film.1. a

37、.likeb.dislikec.spendd.leave2. a.middleb.beginningc.endd.day3. a.worseb.difficultc.betterd.different4. a.makeb.takec.lookd.pick5. a.earlierb.laterc.fasterd.shorter6. a.decidesb.wantsc.spendsd.seems學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載7. a.enjoyb.hatec.haved.find8. a.likeb.startc.getd.check9. a.driveb.walkc.fishingd.washing10.a.

38、placeb.housec.roomd.apartment6in the old days, in london, the smog was very thick. car and bus drivers 1 to drive very slowly. they 2 saw the road in front of them even during the daytime. people did not like going out in the smog. 3 they had to go out, they wore "smogmask" over their face

39、s.in december 1952, a very 4 dark cloud came down over london. it was the 5 smog londoners had ever had. 6 of it was bad factory smoke.nearly fifty people died in road accidents. but many more people became unhealthy.the smog was very 7 for old people and children. one man said, "the streets we

40、re almost 8 because people stayed at home as much as possible. the air was very thick, and you could almost cut it with a knife."after three weeks, the smog began to 9 . but in the following weeks andmonths over 4000 people died as a 10 of the smog.1. a.hurriedb.stayedc.hadd.stopped2. a.easilyb

41、.hardlyc.alreadyd.freely3. a.ifb.soc.thoughd.because4. a.clearb.thickc.thind.small5. a.hottestb.nicestc.worstd.best6. a.muchb.manyc.a fewd.a little7. a.favouriteb.strongc.dangerous d.weak8. a.emptyb.fullc.dirtyd.clean9. a.rememberb.forgetc.arrived.lift10. a.partb.usualc.endd.result7mother's day

42、is a holiday for mothers. it is celebrated in the united states, england, sweden, india, mexico and any other 1 . little by little, it 2 widely celebrated.mother's day falls on the second sunday in may. 3 , many people send 4 of love to their mothers. those whose mothers are still living 5 a pin

43、k or red rose, while those whose mothers are 6 wear a white one.the 7 of a day for mothers was first given by miss ana jarvis of philadelphia. as a result of her hard work, the celebration for the first american mother's day 8 in philadelphia on may 10, 1908. soon the 9 became popular all over t

44、he 10 and around the world.1. a.homesb.schoolsc.countriesd.cities2. a.givesb.becomesc.staysd.begins3. a.for a long timeb.in the morningc.at a timed.on that day4. a.presentsb.thingsc.hellod.calls5. a.putb.takec.weard.dress6. a.illb.healthyc.deadd.busy學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載7. a.ideab.planc.needd.meeting8. a.heldb.w

45、as holdingc.was heldd.is he.ld9. 64.dayb.holidayc.monthd.time10. a.countryb.americac.placed.england8the ideal 抱負(fù)的 teacher may be young or old, tall or short, fat or thin. he should 1 his subject very well and like learning something about other subjects. the ideal teacher must be full of strong feel

46、ings of wonder or interest. he must 2 teach anything he himself is not 3 in. he should be like a man who can act and should not be afraid to 4 his feelings and tell other people what he likes and what he doesn't like clearly. he must like his students and respect them, and he must also respect h

47、imself and be proud of his work. 5 he doesn't, he cannot respect his students and 6 respect from them. the ideal teacher should have an 7 of his students and be able to get on well with them. he needs students' understanding, too. the ideal teacher should be kind and 8 and he should give hop

48、e to his students to learn knowledge. the ideal teacher should see his students' 9 so that he can know how to encourage the growth of 10 of his students. the ideal teacher is one who grows, learns, and makes himself better along with his students.so what about the teacher around you.1. a.likeb.k

49、nowc.choosed.remember 2.a.neverb.everc.evend.still3. a.weakb.wellc.interestedd.strict4. a.holdb.showc.passd.keep5. a.sinceb.asc.ifd.because6. a.giveb.losec.changed.win7. 72.a.understandingb.ideac.exercised.excuse 8.a.forgetfulb.helpfulc.quickd.lucky9. a.listsb.mistakesc.cardsd.differences10.a.eachb.

50、everyc.oned.either9hawaii isfamous for its beautiful beaches. every year water sports, especially surfing and water skiing attract1tourists to the island.hawaii has ben a magical name to people who like to travel 2 many years. people on 3 sides of the pacific ocean（太平洋 , in japan and in america, dre

51、am of 4 these beautiful islands in the middle of the ocean. in the tropical （熱帶的 lands, the sun drops like a ball of golden fire into the sea, and it drops so 5 that you can almost see it move.the sun leaves behind a glow（落日余輝 that lights the sky in the quiet water.people often have a quiet, enjoyab

52、le time walking along the water. this scenery is not very different from the exciting beauty that greeted the first tourists to these islands centuries ago. they came in canoes not much6 than small boats.they found the beautiful white sand beaches and the waving palm trees（棕櫚樹(shù)，but there were no gran

53、d hotels like7we see today. the first people came to學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載hawaii nearly8years ago, but skyscrap（er摩天大樓 hotels were only built in the last 25 years. now aeroplanes make it possible to fly to hawaii for a weekend from tokyo9san francisco.10people come from, they really want to see the earliest beaut

54、y of hawaii. they want to see the lovely beaches and the mountains which are almost hidden by3.6. a. big b. biger c. bigger d. biggest8. a. two thousands b. two thousands of c. two thou10mobile phones are becoming more and more popular not only with grown ups but also with students. meanwhile, they

55、also1a problem for middle schools in the past few years. some children have got mobile phones as christmas or birthday gifts, and more will2want them.many like sms because it is easy and3. some parents felt happy because they could get in touch4their children. some teachers said mobile phone use wasa distraction（分心的事 to students during school hours and it also gave them much 5in their classrooms. sometimes students6use phone messagesto cheat（作弊 during exams. a new study found that some teenagers send messages in clas