北師大高中英語選修八-unit24-society-語法篇(教師)

1、北師大版高中英語選修八-unit24-society-語法篇(教師版)unit 24 society 語法篇 _1、虛擬語氣在書面語中2、虛擬語氣在口語，非正式用語中一， 虛擬語氣在書面語中1. 用“should/ought to+動詞原形”的形式。we should go out foe a walk. you ought to study hard for your future. 溫馨提示：should和ought to都表示“應(yīng)該”，一般可以互換使用，但是should含有“按我的想法應(yīng)該”的意思；ought to語氣強(qiáng)烈，強(qiáng)調(diào)“有責(zé)任，義務(wù)或按道理應(yīng)該”的意思。2. 有些動詞后跟賓語從

2、句時，從句的謂語用“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略。此類動詞可以用“一，二，三，四法”進(jìn)行記憶。一個“堅持”，即insist。he insisted that we (should) attend the meeting. 兩個“命令”，即order和command。the boss ordered all the workers (should) be there on time. 三個“建議”，即suggest, advise, recommend。he suggested that we (should) go out for a walk.四個“要求”，即demand,

3、 require, request和desire。i demanded that he (should) answer me as soon as possible. 注意：當(dāng)suggest表示“暗示，表明”：時，insist表示“堅持說”時，后面的從句不用虛擬語氣，用陳述語氣。3. 在“its desired/ suggested/ required that”句型中，后面的主語從句的謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略。it is desired that we (should) get everything ready by tonight.4. 在suggesti

4、on, proposal, order, advice, demand等名詞后接的表語從句或同位語從句中，謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”，should可以省略。theres no suggestion that you (should) resign.5. 在“it is (high) time that”這一特殊句式中，謂語動詞用過去式或should do的形式表示虛擬，should不能省略。its time that we went home.二， 虛擬語氣在口語，非正式用語中1. 用if i were you, id句型，語氣更委婉，含蓄。if i were you, id go

5、with them.2. 用i think you should /ought to do句型，語氣稍強(qiáng)。i think you should buy him a gift.3. 如果要強(qiáng)硬的批評，責(zé)備某人或提出建議，可用下列句型：its about/ high time thatits about time you got down to reading.youd better do sth. / youd better not do sth. youd better give him some advice on it.id rather sb. did sth. id rather yo

6、u came tonight.例 1. you _ trust an online shop just because it has a beautifully-designed website.a. shouldntb. mustntc. couldnt d. neednt 解析：句意：你不應(yīng)該僅僅因為有一個設(shè)計優(yōu)美的網(wǎng)站就相信一家網(wǎng)店。本題考查情態(tài)動詞。根據(jù)句意可知此題選擇a項shouldnt不應(yīng)該。mustnt禁止；couldnt不能；neednt不需要，均不符合句意。答案：a。例 2. eye doctors recommended that a childs first eye ex

7、am _ at the age of six months old.a. wasb. bec. wered. is解析：句意：眼科醫(yī)生建議孩子的第一次演講檢查應(yīng)該在六個月大的時候進(jìn)行。動詞recommend后跟賓語從句，從句中的謂語動詞形式為“should+動詞原形（should可省略）”。答案：b。例3. we _ back in the hotel now if you didnt lose the map.a. areb. werec. will bed. would be解析：句意：如果你沒有丟掉地圖，我們現(xiàn)在回到賓館了。本題考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)句意可知，if引導(dǎo)的從句是對過去事實的闡述

8、，而主句表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的虛擬，其謂語動詞應(yīng)為：would/ should/ could/ might + do結(jié)構(gòu)，故選擇d項。答案：d。例4.（2019北京大興高三一模） how i wish everybody _ the opportunity to travel in space.a. has b. hadc. will haved. has had解析：句意：我多希望每個人都有機(jī)會去太空旅行??！根據(jù)語境可知，wish后面的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣，故用一般過去時表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的假設(shè)。故答案選b。答案：b。例5. （2019北京石景山高三一模）the old man wished

9、he _ to see the birth of his grandchild.a. would live b. livedc. had livedd. lives解析：句意為：老人希望自己能活著見到他的孫子出生。根據(jù)句意可知，該句為虛擬語氣，表示對將來情況的虛擬，從句應(yīng)用would live。故a正確。答案：a?；A(chǔ)演練一， 單項選擇。1. if only he _quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.a. lies b. lay c. had lain d. should lie2. how i

10、wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden.a. has b. had c. will have d. had had3. you did not let me drive. if we _in turn, you _ so tired. a. drove; didnt getb. drove; wouldnt get c. were driving; wouldnt get d. had driven ; wouldnt have got4. _it rain tomorrow, we would have to put

11、off the visit to the yangpu bridge.a. were b. should c. wouldd. will5. i suggested the person _ to be put into prison.a. refers b. referring c. referred d. refer6. when a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_.a. breaks b. has broken c. were broken d. had been broken7. i insisted _

12、to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing _ wrong with him. a. on him to go; should beb. he went; be c. he go; wasd. he should to; is8. -your aunt invites you to the movies today.-i had rather she _ me tomorrow than today.a. tells b. told c. would tell d. had told9. -would you have called her up had

13、it been possible.-yes, but i _busy doing my homework.a. was b. were c. had been d. would be 10. i was ill that day, otherwise i _ the sports meet.a. would have taken part in b. took part in c. had taken part in d. would take part inkeys： 1-10 cbdbc ccbaa鞏固提高一， 單項選擇。1. _the clouds, you would find the

14、 airplane in the sky easilya. had it not been forb. if it were not c. if it had not been for d. were it not for2. if my lawyer _here last sunday, he _ me from goinga. had been, would have prevented b. had been, would preventc. were, preventd. were, would have prevented3. （2019北京高三順義第一學(xué)期期末考試）he looks

15、 very hot and dry.so would you if you _ a temperature of 40.a. haveb. hadc. would haved. have had4. (2019北京高三豐臺一模) although the test _ look like a simple one, great care is needed.a. mayb. mustc. shouldd. need5. （2019北京高三朝陽一模）congratulations! i hear youve won the first prize in the singing competiti

16、on.you _ be mistaken. im in the dance class.a. mustb. mayc. shouldd. couldkeys：1-5 dabaa 一，單項選擇。1. i did not see your sister at the meeting. if she _, she would have met my brother.a. has comeb. did comec. comed. had come2. he _busy yesterday, or he _you with your experiment.a. was, had helpedb. was

17、, would have helpedc. had been, would have helpedd. were, would have helped3. if it _for the snow, we_ the mountain yesterday.a. were not, could have climbb. were not, could climbc. had not been, could have climbedd. hadnt been, could climb 4. without electricity, human life _quite difficult today.a

18、. isb. will bec. would have beend. would be5. -i am going to tell her the news.-i would as soon you _her about it. a. didnt tellb. dont tellc. hadnt telld. wont tell6. mikes father, as well as his mother, insisted he _home.a. stayedb. could stayc. has stayedd. stay7. it was requested that the play _

19、again.a. should put onb. would put onc. be put ond. put on8. she insisted that a doctor _ immediately.a. had sent forb. sendc. be sent ford. was sent9. -did you scold him for his carelessness.-yes, but _it.a. id rather not dob. id rather not have donec. i should t dod. id better not do10. if only i

20、_my car.a. hadnt lostb. wouldnt losec. didnt losed. havent lost11. but for water, it _impossible to live in the earth.a. isb. wouldc. wered. wouldnt be12. i would rather you _anything about it for the time being.a. dob. didnt doc. dontd. didnt13. the kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as

21、 though he _ their own son.a. isb. werec. had beend. should be14. how the old people wish that they _young once more.a. wereb. could becomec. had beend. should be15. it is high time that we _ a meeting to discuss this problem.a. holdb. heldc. have heldd. had heldkeys: 1-15 dbcda dccba cbbab_一， 完型填空。

22、my first expeditionwhen i was about twelve, i 1 the chance to go to western china, looking for rare plants in an extraordinary area of mountains and forests. i wasn't all that 2 in plants, but my dad's a botanist by 3 and he was going as an assistant to professor beal, who was 4 the expediti

23、on. it was an important international expedition and my name was 5 not on the list of participants. but at the 6 moment, one of the experts broke his ankle and had to 7 out. it was impossible to get anyone else to go at such 8 notice, so my dad suggested taking me, 9 the experience. i think the prof

24、essor was so surprised that he agreed without thinking, but he obviously began to 10 doubts as soon as the plane was in the air. i remember him 11 that he hoped i wasn't going to run around and 12 on rare specimens! as if i was a little kid.my dad didn't say anything as bad as that, but he d

25、id say that he hoped he wasn't going to 13 bringing me. i tried to be really quiet so they would forget i was there. they didn't realize it at the 14 , but my ambition was to get a photo of a wild panda. and, of course, in the end that's 15 what i did.1. a. gotb. foundc. reachedd. receiv

26、ed2. a. fascinatedb. keenc. interestedd. fond3. a. workb. professionc. jobd. employment4. a. offeringb. givingc. leadingd. exploring5. a. completelyb. definitelyc. particularlyd. confidently6. a. lateb. finalc. lastd. end7. a. dropb. slipc. falld. look8. a. quickb. briefc. fastd. short9. a. tob. for

27、c. ond. of10. a. haveb. seec. dod. feel11. a. speakingb. tellingc. talkingd. saying12. a. stepb. spoilc. squashd. ruin13. a. discourageb. regretc. disappointd. apologize14. a. minuteb. pointc. eventd. time15. a. perfectlyb. correctlyc. exactlyd. accurately二，寫作。假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高二（1）班的學(xué)生李華，去年你作為交換生在美國學(xué)習(xí)和生活了半年。請根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫一篇關(guān)于你在美國學(xué)習(xí)和生活情況的短文，向?qū)W校英語報社的投稿。注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。study and live in americalast term i stayed in america for half a year as an exchange student. _keys:一，1-15 acbcb cadba dabdc