2022年初中形容詞和副詞講解與練習(xí)

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載形容詞和副詞講解與專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、形容詞（一）定義：用來(lái)描寫或修飾名詞或代詞，說(shuō)明人或事物的特點(diǎn)或性質(zhì)；（二）用法1. 做定語(yǔ) 此時(shí)，形容詞的位置在被修飾名詞之前；e.g. this is an old house.2. 做表語(yǔ)（此時(shí)，形容詞的位置在連系動(dòng)詞之后）；e.g. i am sorry to hear that.3. 做賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) （此時(shí)， 形容詞的位置在賓語(yǔ)之后） ；e.g. she made her mother angry.4. 形容詞在句中的位置；形容詞做定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí)，放在名詞前面；修飾不定代詞時(shí)要放在不定代詞之后；she is a clever girl.

2、i saw something white in the water.形容詞修飾帶有表量度的詞或者詞組時(shí)定語(yǔ)后置；the bridge is one hundred meters long .5. 某些形容詞前加上定冠詞 the，可以代表一類人或東西， 可以用作主語(yǔ)， 賓語(yǔ)等；做主語(yǔ)時(shí)當(dāng)復(fù)數(shù)看待； e.g.the old are well looked after. we all love the beautiful.二、副詞（一）定義：用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，其他副詞以及全句；（有很多副詞是從形容詞轉(zhuǎn)化而來(lái)的；方法是在形容詞詞尾加上ly 如：.bad-badly, careful-carefu

3、lly.等，在變化時(shí)要留意詞尾是 y的，要把 y改為i再加ly；如： lucky-luckily. busy-busily 等；另外以 e 結(jié)尾的，大部分直接加 ly. 如： wide-widely, brave-bravely 等；仍有幾個(gè)特別的要去 e 后再加 ly. 如： true-trulyterrible-terribly 等；（二）用法1. 作狀語(yǔ)； e.g.they work hard .副詞修飾動(dòng)詞） they are quite right .（副詞修飾形容詞）he park the car very easily （. 副詞修飾副詞）unfortunately, he wa

4、s out.（副詞修飾整個(gè)句子）2. 作定語(yǔ)（時(shí)間副詞和地點(diǎn)副詞可以做后置定語(yǔ)）；e.g. the students here are all from hubei.3.作表語(yǔ)；e.g.what is on this evening.今晚上演什么節(jié)目；）4.作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；e.g.don't let him in.三 形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)在英語(yǔ)中形容詞和副詞有原級(jí)，比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)之分；原級(jí)就是它們的原形，比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)有規(guī)章變化和不規(guī)章變化；一形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)變化1.規(guī)章變化單音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞1一般在詞尾加 er,est. hard-harder-hardest gre

5、at-greater-greatest 2以字母 e 結(jié)尾的加 r,st. nice-nicer-nicestable-ablerablest3重讀閉音節(jié)中末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，雙寫輔音字母，再加er,est. big-bigger-biggestfat-fatter-fatterred-redderreddestthin-thinner-thinnesthot-hotter-hottestwet-wetterwettest4以輔音字母 +y 結(jié)尾的詞，先改 y 為 i 再加 er.est多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞 ,在其前加 more,most.polite-more polite-most

6、politeexciting-more exciting-most exciting interesting-more interesting-most imnteresting carefully-more carefully-mostcarefullyquickly-more quickly-most quicklyhappily-more happily-most happily有些形容詞和副詞的比較等級(jí)用-er,-est 或者 more,most 皆可，如 clever,lovely 等；表示“較不-”和“最不- ”時(shí)，可用 less 和 least.difficult-less di

7、fficult-least difficult interesting-less interesting-least interesting2. 不規(guī)章變化原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good/wellbetterbestbad/badly/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest二形容詞和副詞級(jí)的用法原級(jí):1原級(jí)的基本用法句型:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 +as+原級(jí)+as+比較對(duì)象 前者與后者一樣 主語(yǔ)+.not+as/so+原級(jí)+as+比較

8、對(duì)象 前者不如后者那么 the coat is as old as that one .the weather in beijing is not as/so hot as that in shanghai . 2原級(jí)的特別用法1表示"是.的幾倍 ". 句型:.times +as +原級(jí) + as .this house is three times as large as that one . he can run five three times as fast as his brother.2表示".的一半 .". 句型:.half as +原級(jí)

9、+ as .my money is not half as much as yours.3表示"盡可能 .".句型: .as + 原級(jí) + as possible/one can. we should get up as early as possible/we can.比較級(jí)的用法1. 兩者相比（甲大于乙），用比較級(jí) +than 表示this room is bigger than that one .2. 要表示 ·不·如···，·用 less原+級(jí)+than 結(jié)構(gòu) this book is less diff

10、icult than that one .3. 表示兩者人，事物之間，比較 ·的，用 the比+ 較級(jí)+名詞+of+the+名詞或代詞 結(jié)構(gòu)bob is the taller boy of the two boys.4. 不于其他事物相比，表示本身程度的轉(zhuǎn)變，用比較級(jí) +and+比較級(jí) 結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是越來(lái)越 ···the weather is getting warmer and warmer .5. 表示一方隨另一方的變化而變化，用 the比+ 較級(jí)， the+比較級(jí) 結(jié)構(gòu)，意思是越··就越···the

11、more you eat, the fatter you will be .6. 表示幾倍于 ··時(shí)，用 倍數(shù)+as···或用as倍數(shù)+比較級(jí) +than 表示 our room is three times larger than yours .our room is three times as large as yours .7. 用 much，far ,still ,even , a lot , a little ,a bit 等詞來(lái)修飾比較級(jí)，表示程度，放在比較級(jí)之前；如： it s much warmer today .最高級(jí)的用法

12、1. 三者或三者以上之中的 最，用形容詞，副詞的最高級(jí)；形容詞最高級(jí)前必需加冠詞 the，副詞最高級(jí)前的 the 可省略，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為： a+be+the形+ 級(jí)+in（of）+表示范疇的短語(yǔ) ；he is the tallest boy in our class .2. 用比較級(jí)的形式，表達(dá)最高級(jí)的含義容詞，副詞最高比較級(jí)+than+（1）.any other+單數(shù)名詞或（2）.+all the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 3.+anyone else4.+any of the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞tom is taller than any other student in our class

13、 .3. 最高級(jí)可以被序數(shù)詞及much， by far, nearly, almost 等修飾，表示程度；the yellow river is the second longest river in china.四、專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1. 寫出以下形容詞副詞的比較級(jí)最高級(jí)；young nice _ far _ early much delicious _ _short late little _ _beautiful _ _fat red 2. 用所給的形容詞副詞的適當(dāng)形式填空；a. tom is tall than jim.b. li lei is young boy in his class.c.

14、i think english is interesting than any other subject.d. david has many story books of all the students.e. li lei speaks english well in his group.f. lucy runs slow than lily. 3改正以下句子中一處的錯(cuò)誤；a. tom comes to school late than jim. b. which do you like better , cats ,dogs, or chickens. c. who is oldest

15、in our class. d. he thinks math is importanter than chinese. e. this work is very harder than that one._f. he lives farer than any other student in your class. 4單項(xiàng)挑選 1. the air in beijing is getting muchnow than a few years ago.a. cleanb. cleanerc. cleanestd. the cleanest 2. nowadays science fiction

16、 isnatsacsartoons among teenagers.a. popularb. more popularc. less populard. the most popular 3. remember, boys and girls.you work,result you will get. we know, miss gao.a. the better, the harderb. the harder, the betterc. the hard, the betterd. the harder, the good 4. jack has three friends. mike i

17、s theof the four.a. most cleverestb. morecleverc. cleverestd. clever 5. in our english study reading is more important than speaking. i think. i don t agree, speaking isthan reading.a. as important asb. so important asc. the most importantd. the same as 6. john is myfriend of all the classmates.a. goodb. betterc. bestd. the best 7. beijing is one ofcities in china.a. very beautifulb. much beautifulc. more beautifuld. the most beautiful 8. the yellow river isn t soas the changjiang river.a. lon