實用全的英語基礎語法實用教案

1、一、名詞(mng c)名詞名詞具體名詞具體名詞抽象名詞抽象名詞普通名詞普通名詞專有名詞專有名詞個體名詞個體名詞集體名詞集體名詞名詞名詞可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)復數(shù)第1頁/共51頁第一頁，共51頁。英語語法中，名詞有兩種數(shù)的形式：1）單數(shù)（表示一個(y )人或事物）；2）復數(shù)（表示多于一個(y )的人或數(shù)）。只有可數(shù)名詞才有復數(shù)形式。名詞名詞(mng c)(mng c)的數(shù)：的數(shù)： 第2頁/共51頁第二頁，共51頁。名詞復數(shù)名詞復數(shù)(fsh)形式的構形式的構成成形式形式變化規(guī)則變化規(guī)則發(fā)音發(fā)音例詞例詞一般情況一般情況+s1. 清輔音結尾的名詞后清輔音結尾的名詞后s2. 濁

2、輔音結尾的名詞后濁輔音結尾的名詞后z；3. 元音結尾的名詞后元音結尾的名詞后z;books, cups, catsdogs, birds, armsdays, players以以-s,-sh, -ch, -x, -z結尾的名詞結尾的名詞+esizbus, brush, boxes, watch,大多數(shù)以大多數(shù)以-o結結尾的名詞尾的名詞+esztomatoes, potatoes以元音字母加以元音字母加o結尾的名詞結尾的名詞+szradios, pianos以輔音字母加以輔音字母加y結尾的名詞結尾的名詞把把y改成改成i再加再加eszstories, families, babies以以f和和fe

3、結尾結尾的大多數(shù)名詞的大多數(shù)名詞把把f或或fe改改成成v再加再加eszthieves, knives第3頁/共51頁第三頁，共51頁。1. 由元音字母的變化構成：2. man-men, tooth-teeth, foot-feet, mouse-mice, woman-women3. 2. 有些(yuxi)名詞的復數(shù)形式與單數(shù)的形式一樣：4. sheep, deer, fish(但也可以是fishes)5. 有些(yuxi)名詞變成復數(shù)時加-en: 6. child-children, ox-oxen不規(guī)則名詞(mng c)的復數(shù)第4頁/共51頁第四頁，共51頁。Practise1. peac

4、h_ 2. zoo _3. glass _ 4. fox _5. lady _6. policewoman _7. house _8. photo _9. monkey _ 10. wife _11. rose _ 12. path _13. judge _14. map _peacheszoosglassesfoxesladiespolicewomenhousesphotosmonkeyswivesrosespathsjudgesmaps第5頁/共51頁第五頁，共51頁。二、人稱(rnchng)代詞主格： I we you she he it they賓格(bn )： me us you h

5、er him it them形容詞性物主代詞： my our your her his its their名詞性物主代詞： mine ours yours hers his its theirs 第一人稱(d y rn chn)第二人稱第三人稱后跟名詞能夠在句子中獨立作主語、賓語或表語第6頁/共51頁第六頁，共51頁。Practise1._(他) is my brother.2. 2. I had a letter from _ (她).3. 3. Its all right; its only _(我).4. 4. Today _(我們(w men) went in _(我們(w men)的

6、) car; tomorrow _(我們(w men) are going in _(他們的).5. 5. _(我) lend _(我的) books gladly to _ (我的) friends and to _(你的).6. 6. Can you help _(我) with _(我的) English.7. 7. When _(你) go to see _(你的) father, please take these books to _(他).8. 8. _(他們) found _(它) difficult to learn German.HehermeweourwetheirsIm

7、ymyyoursmemyyouyourhimTheyit第7頁/共51頁第七頁，共51頁。所有格所有格的形式所有格的形式單數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加單數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加 schild-childs以以-s結尾結尾(jiwi)的單數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加的單數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加swaitress-waitresss不規(guī)則的復數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加不規(guī)則的復數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加schildren-childrens以以-s結尾結尾(jiwi)的復數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加的復數(shù)人稱名詞末尾加girls-girls以以-s結尾結尾(jiwi)的一些人名末尾加的一些人名末尾加sJames-Jamess下列情況一般下列情況一般(ybn)用用 “o

8、f”結構：結構：東西東西(沒有現(xiàn)成的復合名詞時沒有現(xiàn)成的復合名詞時): the book of the film2. 東西的一部分東西的一部分: the bottom of the box3. 抽象的概念抽象的概念: the price of success4. 當當of短語中的名詞被另一個短語或從句修飾時：短語中的名詞被另一個短語或從句修飾時： Cant you look at the book of the boy behind you?雙重雙重(shungchng)第8頁/共51頁第八頁，共51頁。 s結構也可以用于結構也可以用于 “of”結構之后，如：結構之后，如：a friend o

9、f my fathers , 出現(xiàn)這種情況出現(xiàn)這種情況(qngkung)是因為在一個名詞前通常只用一是因為在一個名詞前通常只用一個限定詞，又如：個限定詞，又如：this son of mine, a friend of yours, a cousin of hers等等。等等。Isnt Frank a friend of yours?That silly uncle of Toms has told me the same Joke five times.第9頁/共51頁第九頁，共51頁。冠詞不定冠詞a,an定冠詞the只能用于單數(shù)(dnsh)可數(shù)名詞之前單數(shù)單數(shù)(dnsh)可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞復

10、數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞零冠詞名詞(mng c)前可不用冠詞第10頁/共51頁第十頁，共51頁。不定冠詞的用法：不定冠詞的用法：表示表示“一一”，“任何一個任何一個”或或“不管哪一個不管哪一個”的意的意思。思。 I have a sister and two brothers.2. 在某些度量表示法中：在某些度量表示法中： We have PE lessons three times a week.3. 用在單數(shù)的表語名詞前，以表示職業(yè)、行業(yè)、宗用在單數(shù)的表語名詞前，以表示職業(yè)、行業(yè)、宗教、等級等。教、等級等。 George wants to be an engineer.4

11、. 在以在以what引導引導(yndo)的感嘆句中，單數(shù)的可數(shù)的感嘆句中，單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞前。名詞前。 What a pretty girl!5. 一些常用短語中。一些常用短語中。 have a good time, half an hour, have a headache.第11頁/共51頁第十一頁，共51頁。定冠詞的用法：定冠詞的用法：用來表示用來表示“獨一無二獨一無二”的意思。的意思。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.2. 表示表示“說話的人剛剛提到過的人或事物說話的人剛剛提到過的人或事物”。 There is a boat

12、in the river. The boat is made of wood.3. 用在后面跟有限定性介詞短語用在后面跟有限定性介詞短語(duny)的名的名詞前。詞前。 the letter from America, the fourteenth of April4. 用在泛指的樂器名詞前。用在泛指的樂器名詞前。 He plays the piano.5. 一些常用短語一些常用短語(duny)。 by the way, in the morning, Whats the matter?第12頁/共51頁第十二頁，共51頁。零冠詞的用法：零冠詞的用法：泛指的抽象名詞泛指的抽象名詞(mng c)

13、前。前。Life is very hard for some people.2. 泛指的物質名詞泛指的物質名詞(mng c)前。前。Water is very useful.3. 泛指的復數(shù)名詞泛指的復數(shù)名詞(mng c)前。前。Books are my best friends.4. 泛指的泛指的“餐餐”名前。名前。Come to have dinner/breakfast with me.5. 大多數(shù)的專有名詞大多數(shù)的專有名詞(mng c)前。前。He comes from France.6. 語言的名詞語言的名詞(mng c)前。前。She can speak French.7. 在季節(jié)

14、和節(jié)日的名詞在季節(jié)和節(jié)日的名詞(mng c)前。前。Winter is the best time for skating.8. 當名詞當名詞(mng c)前已有一些代詞修飾時。前已有一些代詞修飾時。My brother is a soldier.9. 在體育項目的名詞在體育項目的名詞(mng c)前。前。play basketball10. 一些常用短語。一些常用短語。 at home, go to school, at night第13頁/共51頁第十三頁，共51頁。1. There is _notebook on my desk. I use _ notebook to keep a d

15、iary.2. There is _bottle on the table. _ water in it is sweet.3. Wangs mother is _English teacher. She teaches in _ primary school.4. China is _ ancient country with _ long history.5. China has _ population of 12 hundred million. _ Chinese people are _ great people.6. Her mother is _ university teac

16、her. She is _ honest woman.7. None of _books should be taken out of _ room without _ permission of _ librarian.8. _Party always teaches us to work for _ people heart and soul.9. She studies at _No. 3 Middle School. She goes to _ school by _ bus every day.10. My elder sister is _student of _ English.

17、 She studies at _ college.11. _ Monday before _ Spring Festival was very cold.12. Have you had _dinner? PractiseatheaTheantheanatheThe/aanthethethe/The/aaThe/第14頁/共51頁第十四頁，共51頁。四、動詞(dngc) 動詞主要表示動作，其次表示狀態(tài)或性質，有動詞主要表示動作，其次表示狀態(tài)或性質，有時態(tài)、語態(tài)時態(tài)、語態(tài)(y ti)、語氣等形式的變化。、語氣等形式的變化。 小學階段所涉及小學階段所涉及(shj)的動詞主要有：實義動詞、的動詞主

18、要有：實義動詞、be動詞、情態(tài)動詞動詞、情態(tài)動詞can等。等。第15頁/共51頁第十五頁，共51頁。Be動詞(dngc)am, is, arewas, werebeen第16頁/共51頁第十六頁，共51頁。Practise1. He _ very good at English. 2. My father and I _ going to Beijing next month. 3. _ you on duty the day before yesterday? 4. Mr. King _ in London two weeks ago. 5. There _ many kinds of an

19、imals in the zoo. 6. What _ the date yesterday? 7. Look! A little girl _ flying a kite. 8. Who _ not at school last Monday? 9. Have you ever _ to Japan?10. I _ not a nurse. I work as a doctor.isareWerewasarewasiswasbeenam第17頁/共51頁第十七頁，共51頁。動詞(dngc)的基本形式原形第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在式過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞studystudiesstudiedstudie

20、d studyingdodoesdiddonedoinghavehashadhadhavinglearnlearnslearned/learntlearned/learntlearning第18頁/共51頁第十八頁，共51頁。第三人稱單數(shù)(dnsh)現(xiàn)在式情況情況變化規(guī)則變化規(guī)則例詞例詞一般情況一般情況+sworks, learns, eats, needs, says結尾為結尾為s,x,sh,ch,o+espasses, washes, teaches, goes, fixes結尾為輔音結尾為輔音字母字母+y變y為i+escarries, studies, flies, hurries, c

21、ries 動詞(dngc)be和have的第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在式分別是is和has。第19頁/共51頁第十九頁，共51頁。動詞(dngc)的過去式 構成構成例詞讀音例詞讀音在動詞在動詞后加后加ed在以在以e結結尾的動詞尾的動詞后加后加ed在以輔音字母加在以輔音字母加y結尾的動詞后，結尾的動詞后，先變先變y為為i再加再加ed在重讀閉音節(jié)或在重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)音節(jié)結尾而末尾只有一個結尾而末尾只有一個輔音字母時，須雙寫輔音字母時，須雙寫這個輔音字母再加這個輔音字母再加ed在清輔音后讀在清輔音后讀tlookedwashedpassedhopedlikedstoppeddropped在元音和濁輔音在元音和濁

22、輔音后讀后讀dstayedcalledlivedstudiedtriedcarriedplannedpreferred在輔音在輔音t、d后讀后讀idtastedneededadmittedpermitted第20頁/共51頁第二十頁，共51頁。現(xiàn)在(xinzi)分詞情況情況變化規(guī)則變化規(guī)則例詞例詞一般情況一般情況+ingdoing, asking, helping以不發(fā)音的以不發(fā)音的e結尾結尾的動詞的動詞去去e加加inghaving, taking, writing, living以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾而末尾只有一個輔而末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞音字母的動詞雙寫最后一個輔音雙寫最后一

23、個輔音字母，再加字母，再加ingrunning, swimming, putting, sitting第21頁/共51頁第二十一頁，共51頁。原形第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在式過去式現(xiàn)在分詞have givegetread sweepplay carry hashadhavinggivesgavegivinggetsgotgettingreadsreadreadingsweepssweptsweepingplaysplayedplayingcarriescarriedcarryingPractise第22頁/共51頁第二十二頁，共51頁。五、動詞(dngc)的時態(tài)動詞時態(tài)是表示動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生或存在動詞時態(tài)

24、是表示動作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生或存在(cnzi)的時間和表示方式的一種動詞形式。的時間和表示方式的一種動詞形式。小學階段所學的時態(tài)有：小學階段所學的時態(tài)有：一般一般(ybn)現(xiàn)在時：現(xiàn)在時：work/works2. 現(xiàn)在進行時：現(xiàn)在進行時：am/is/are working3. 一般一般(ybn)過去時：過去時：worked4. 一般一般(ybn)將來時：將來時：am/is/are going to work第23頁/共51頁第二十三頁，共51頁。一般(ybn)現(xiàn)在時通常表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的或習慣性的動作或目通常表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的或習慣性的動作或目前前(mqin)的狀態(tài)。的狀態(tài)。常與時間副詞連用：常與時間副詞連用

25、：always, often, usually, every, on Sundays, twice a week等。等?；?jbn)結構肯定句否定句一般疑問句I work.We work.I dont work.We dont work.Do I work?Do we work?You work.You dont work.Do you work?They work.They dont work.Do they work?SheHe works.ItSheHe doesnt work.It sheDoes he work? it第24頁/共51頁第二十四頁，共51頁?，F(xiàn)在(xinzi)進行時

26、通常表示說話時或現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生通常表示說話時或現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生(fshng)或進行著的動作。它所表示或進行著的動作。它所表示的動作具有持續(xù)性、暫時性和未完成性。的動作具有持續(xù)性、暫時性和未完成性。常見的與現(xiàn)在進行時有關的詞有：常見的與現(xiàn)在進行時有關的詞有：now, these days, look, listen等。等。基本(jbn)結構肯定句肯定句否定句否定句一般疑問句一般疑問句I am working.We are working.Im not working.Were not working.Am I working?Are we working?You are working.You a

27、rent working.Are you working?They are working. They arent working. Are they working?SheHe is working.ItSheHe isnt working.It sheIs he working? it第25頁/共51頁第二十五頁，共51頁。一般(ybn)過去時通常表示過去某一時間所發(fā)生的動作或通常表示過去某一時間所發(fā)生的動作或存在存在(cnzi)的狀態(tài)，其中也包括習慣性動作。的狀態(tài)，其中也包括習慣性動作。常與表示過去的時間狀語連用：常與表示過去的時間狀語連用：yesterday, last, ago, j

28、ust now, in 1998等。等?；?jbn)結構肯定句肯定句否定句否定句一般疑問句一般疑問句I worked.We worked.I didnt work.We didnt work.Did I work?Did we work?You worked.You didnt work.Did you work?They worked.They didnt work.Did they work? She He worked. ItSheHe didnt work.It sheDid he work? it第26頁/共51頁第二十六頁，共51頁。一般(ybn)將來時表示將來發(fā)生的動作或情況。

29、表示將來發(fā)生的動作或情況。常與一些表示將來的時間常與一些表示將來的時間(shjin)狀語連用：狀語連用：tomorrow, next, Be going to do表示主體現(xiàn)在打算在最近或將來要做某事；表示主體現(xiàn)在打算在最近或將來要做某事；也可以表示也可以表示“預見預見”，即現(xiàn)在已有跡象表明將要發(fā)生或即將，即現(xiàn)在已有跡象表明將要發(fā)生或即將發(fā)生某種情況。發(fā)生某種情況?；?jbn)結構肯定句否定句一般疑問句Im going to work.Were going to work.Im not going to work.We arent going to work.Am I going to wo

30、rk?Are we going to work?Youre going to work.You arent going to work.Are you going to work?Theyre going to work.They arent going to work. Are they going to work?SheHe is going to work.ItSheHe isnt going to work.It sheIs he going to work? it第27頁/共51頁第二十七頁，共51頁。1. Peter _ (play) basketball twice a week

31、.2. Do you believe what he _ (say) just now?3. Look! The lazy cat _ (sleep) in the sofa.4. There _(be) a book and two pens on the desk.5. _you _(see ) a film tomorrow morning? 6. She _(not play) the guitar at the moment.7. What _his father usually _(do) in the evening ?8. They _ ( have ) a meeting n

32、ext week, arent they? 9. Both he and I _ (be) teachers. 10. I _ (not feel ) very well yesterday .11. He put on his coat and _ (go) out.12. Lei Feng often _ (help) others and he was helpful.13. Next Sunday, we _ (clean) up the park.14. Hurry! Your mother _ (wait) for you at the school gate.Practisepl

33、ayssaidis sleepingisAregoing to seeisnt playingdoesdoare going to havearedidnt feelwenthelpsare going to cleanis waiting第28頁/共51頁第二十八頁，共51頁。六、介詞(jic)介詞在句子中表示名詞或代詞等與其他詞之間的關系。不能單獨作句子成分，常位于名詞或代詞（或與之相當(xingdng)的其他詞類、短語、從句）前面構成介詞短語。介詞后面的成分作介詞的賓語。方位方位(fngwi)介詞介詞in,on,at,under,to,behind,beside,near,before,

34、infrontof,nextto,between時間介詞時間介詞in,on,at,after,before,fromto,past,between其它其它of,by,with,into,outof,for,第29頁/共51頁第二十九頁，共51頁。Practise1. Look _ the picture. Its picture_ my school. 2. There is a school building _ my school. It has five floors._ the school building, there is a big playground. _school, t

35、he children always play ball games there. 3. My classroom is_ the fifth floor. Its big and clean. 4. Miss Li is our class teacher. She comes _ school early every morning. She comes _bicycle. Then she does morning exercises _us. She likes sports. Tomorrow is her birthday. We will make a card _ her. W

36、e love her very much. 5. There are some apples _ the tree. 6. Wheres your study? Its next _ my bedroom.7. The car _ the tree is Jacks. 8. The ball is_ the door, so you cant see it.9. _ _ _the house, there are many trees. 10. Listen! Someone is knocking _the door.11. There is something wrong _ my com

37、puter.atofinNearAfterontobywithforontounderbehindIn front ofatwith第30頁/共51頁第三十頁，共51頁。七、數(shù)詞(shc)1. 表示數(shù)目(shm)的詞稱為基數(shù)詞2. 表示數(shù)目(shm)順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞1. 112的基數(shù)的基數(shù)(jsh)詞：詞：2. one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve3. 1319的基數(shù)的基數(shù)(jsh)詞：詞：4. thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, sevent

38、een, eighteen, nineteen5. 2090的基數(shù)的基數(shù)(jsh)詞：詞：6. twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety7. 2129的基數(shù)的基數(shù)(jsh)：8. twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three, twenty-four, twenty-five,9. twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine10. thirty-nine, forty-eight, fifty-seven.-teen-ty十位數(shù)

39、和個位數(shù)之間要加連字符號十位數(shù)和個位數(shù)之間要加連字符號“-”第31頁/共51頁第三十一頁，共51頁。2. 百位數(shù)百位數(shù)：one hundred, two hundred, three hundred, four hundredfive hundred and eight-six, six hundred and ninety-nine,seven hundred and eight, eight hundred and one3. 千位數(shù)千位數(shù)：one thousand, four thousand, seven thousand one hundred and five百位數(shù)和十位數(shù)之間加百

40、位數(shù)和十位數(shù)之間加and。 注意注意(zh y) 英語中沒有英語中沒有(mi yu)“萬萬”這個單位，所以常這個單位，所以常用用thousand來表示。來表示。ten thousand, thirty thousand, fifteen thousand one hundred,five hundred and one thousand four hundred and thirty-two第32頁/共51頁第三十二頁，共51頁。1. 英語序數(shù)詞第英語序數(shù)詞第1-19除了除了first, second與與third有特殊形式外，其余的都由有特殊形式外，其余的都由基數(shù)詞加后綴基數(shù)詞加后綴-th構

41、成。構成。2. 注意：注意：fifth, eighth, ninth和和twelfth的拼法。的拼法。3. 2. 十位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞的構成方法十位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞的構成方法(fngf)是：先把十位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞的詞尾是：先把十位數(shù)的基數(shù)詞的詞尾ty中的中的y變?yōu)樽優(yōu)閕，然后加后綴，然后加后綴-eth,如：如：4. twentytwentieth, fortyfortieth5. 3.十位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞如果含有十位數(shù)的序數(shù)詞如果含有1-9的個位數(shù)時，十位數(shù)用基數(shù)詞，個位數(shù)用的個位數(shù)時，十位數(shù)用基數(shù)詞，個位數(shù)用序數(shù)詞，中間用序數(shù)詞，中間用“-”連字符。如：連字符。如：6. twenty-fourth, ninety

42、-fifth7. 4. 百、千、萬等的序數(shù)詞由百、千、萬等的序數(shù)詞由hundred, thousand, million等加等加-th,前面加前面加有關的基數(shù)詞構成。如：有關的基數(shù)詞構成。如：8. one hundredth, one thousandth9. 注意：序數(shù)詞前的注意：序數(shù)詞前的one不能用不能用a代替。代替。10. one hundred and twenty-first第33頁/共51頁第三十三頁，共51頁。Practise1. There are _ days in a year. A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundreds

43、 and sixty-five C. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five2._people visit this museum every day.A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of3.There are two_ people in the meeting room.A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundred of4._ trees have been planted in our sc

44、hool in the past 10 years.A. Thousands of B. Two thousands C. Thousand of D. Two thousand of5. My brother is in_.A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade One C. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, grade one6. We are going to learn_ this term. A. book six B. six book C. the book six D. Book

45、 Six 7. We can say the number 78, 645 in English like this_. A. seventy-eight thousand and six hundred and forty-five B. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty five C. seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty-five D. seventy eight thousand six hundred and forty-fiveCDAABDC第34頁/共51頁第三十四頁，共5

46、1頁。8. The year 1999 should be read The year_. A. nineteen and ninety-nine B. nineteen ninety-nine C. one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine D. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine9. He will come here _ tomorrow morning.A. at fifth B. at ten C. on two D. till tenth 10. Every day he begins to do his ho

47、mework _.A. at ten past seven B. at seven pass tenC. on ten past seventh D. until ten 11. We all like the_ boy.A. of ten years old B. ten-year-old C. at ten old D. of age of ten 12. There are_ months in a year. December is the _ month of the year.A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twel

48、ve D. twelve; twelveth 13. During_ century, the world population has already reached 6 billion.A. twenty B. the twentieth C. twentieth D. the twenty14. Jenny was born_.A. on July 10, 1987 B. in July 10, 1987 C. in 1987, July 10 D. on 1987, July 10 BBABBBA第35頁/共51頁第三十五頁，共51頁。八、形容詞和副詞(fc)形容詞是用來描寫或修飾形容

49、詞是用來描寫或修飾(xish)名詞（或代詞）的詞。名詞（或代詞）的詞。副詞副詞(fc)是用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞是用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞(fc)以及全句的詞。以及全句的詞。1. He is a good student.2. The film is very interesting.3. There is something wrong with the bike.4. Lucy is older than Helen.1.The problem is very difficult.2. He wrote the letters carefully. 方式副詞：carefully

50、, quickly, suddenly 2. 地點副詞：here, there, up, down3. 時間副詞：yesterday, today, now4. 程度副詞：very, quite, much, just第36頁/共51頁第三十六頁，共51頁。形容詞和副詞(fc)的比較級和最高級情況情況比較級比較級最高級最高級一般情況一般情況+er, 如：如：taller, longer, faster, sooner+est, 如：如：tallest, longest, fastest, soonest以以e結尾的詞結尾的詞+r, 如：如：later, nicer, larger+st, 如：

51、如：latest, nicest, largest以重讀閉音節(jié)結以重讀閉音節(jié)結尾的詞尾的詞雙寫最后一個字母，再雙寫最后一個字母，再+er, 如如: bigger, fatter雙寫最后一個字母，再雙寫最后一個字母，再+est，如：如：biggest, fattest以輔音字母加以輔音字母加y結尾的詞結尾的詞把把y改為改為i再再+er, 如：如：busier, earlier把把y改為改為i再再+est, 如：如：busiest, earliest大部分多音節(jié)詞大部分多音節(jié)詞在前面加在前面加more, 如：如：more careful, more wonderfully在前面加在前面加most,

52、 如：如：most careful, most wonderfully不規(guī)則的詞：不規(guī)則的詞：good/well, many/much,farbettermorefarther/furtherbestmostfarthest/further第37頁/共51頁第三十七頁，共51頁。比較級的用法(ynf)1. 用來把彼此用來把彼此(bc)獨立的事和人進行比較，表示獨立的事和人進行比較，表示“比比更更一些一些”的意思，通常用一個由從屬連詞的意思，通常用一個由從屬連詞than引導的狀語從句來表示和什么引導的狀語從句來表示和什么相比。為了避免重復，從句中有些成分可以省略。如：相比。為了避免重復，從句中有

53、些成分可以省略。如：Helen is taller than Lucy.He got more information than I did.He runs faster than I.2. 如果我們要說兩個東西在某一方面是一樣的，我們就可以用如果我們要說兩個東西在某一方面是一樣的，我們就可以用 “as+形容詞形容詞/副詞副詞(fc)+as”, 形容詞不用比較級而用原級。在作否形容詞不用比較級而用原級。在作否定比較時，可以用定比較時，可以用not asas, not soas, 也可以用也可以用lessthan，如：，如：Jimmy is as tall as his father.I don

54、t write as/so well as Helen.This film is less interesting than that one.第38頁/共51頁第三十八頁，共51頁。比較級的用法(ynf)3. 為了表示持續(xù)不斷的變化，我們可以用為了表示持續(xù)不斷的變化，我們可以用“雙重比較雙重比較”的方法，的方法，這種結構后面不可跟這種結構后面不可跟than引導引導(yndo)的比較狀語從句。如：的比較狀語從句。如：He is crying harder and harder.Our country gets more and more beautiful.Computers are gett

55、ing smaller and smaller, and computing faster and faster.4. 表示兩個變化是一起發(fā)生的，可以把比較級形式表示兩個變化是一起發(fā)生的，可以把比較級形式(xngsh)和和the一起用，表示一起用，表示“越越，就越，就越”的意思。如：的意思。如：The higher the mountain is, the thinner the air is.The earlier you start, the sooner you will be back. 第39頁/共51頁第三十九頁，共51頁。Practise1. Shanghai is _than

56、Beijing. It is _ city in our country. (large) 2. Bill isnt as _ as Mike. Tom is _ than Mike. Who is _ of the three boys? (old) 3. Mary draws as _ as Bill, and she is much _ than him at singing. (well, good) 4. Spring is coming. The weather is getting _ and _.(warm) 5. Tom, Jon and I bought a compute

57、r each last week. Johns computer is much _ than Toms and mine. It is _ of the three. (expensive) 6. It is a little _ today than yesterday. (wet) 7. Mrs Brown is much _ than she was two years ago. (healthy) 8. Which do you like _, basketball, volleyball, or football? (well) largerthe largestoldoldert

58、he oldestwellbetterwarmerwarmermore expensivethe most expensivewetterhealthierbest第40頁/共51頁第四十頁，共51頁。1.Beijingers are true _ to the world. (friend)2. Look! How _ Kitty is laughing! (happy)3. I think July is _ than any other month in our country. (hot)4. She always listens to the teacher _ in class.

59、(care)5. The park is one of the _ parks in Beijing. (beautiful)6. She speaks English, but not as _ as his brother. (good)7. I was _ by the _ sound. (frightened, frightening)8. The music sounds _. (beautiful, beautifully)9. Dont make so much noise, or you will wake up the _ boy. (sleeping, asleep)10.

60、 Yesterdays concert was wonderful. Ive never heard such an _ one before. (excited, exciting)Practisefriendlyhappilyhottercarefullymost beautifulwellfrightenedfrighteningbeautifulsleepingexciting第41頁/共51頁第四十一頁，共51頁。There be 的結構(jigu)肯定句：肯定句： There is/was a There are/were 一般一般(ybn)疑問句疑問句:Is/Was there