不定代詞(the_indefinite_pronoun)用法

1、語法難點精析之非謂語動詞（1）非謂語動詞主要包括不定式、的動名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。為了區(qū)分這三種不同的非謂語動詞的用法和含義，我們將分別從三種非謂語動詞在句子中做主語、的賓語、的賓語補足語、的定語、的 狀語、的表語以及一些特殊結構句型等角度來區(qū)分其用法和細微含義。1 不定式和動名詞作主語的區(qū)別（1）動名詞作主語通常表示抽象動作；而不定式作主語表示具體動作。Smoking is prohibited（ 禁止）here .這里禁止抽煙。（抽象）It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽這么多煙對你身體很不好。（具體）（2）動名詞作主語時，通常用以表示一

2、件已知的事或經(jīng)驗。不定式短語通常用來表示一件未完成的事或目的。Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。（經(jīng)驗）Drivi ng a car duri ng the rush hour is tir ing.在高峰時刻開車令人厭煩。（經(jīng)驗）（3）不定式做主語，一般用it當形式主語，把作主語的不定式短語后置。It took me only five min utes to fin ish the job.2 不定式、的動名詞和分詞作表語的區(qū)別（1）不定式作表語1）不定式作表語一般表示具體動作，特別是表示將來的動作。To do two things at a

3、time is to do neither .-次做兩件事等于未做。What I would suggest is to start work at o nee.我的建議是立刻開始干。2）如果主語是不定式（表示條件），表語也是不定式（表示結果）。To see is to believe.百聞不如一見。To work means to ear n a livi ng.工作就是為了生活。3）女口果主語是以 aim，duty，hope，idea，happ in ess ，job，pla n，problem ，purpose ，thi ng，wish等為中心的名詞，或以what引導的名詞性從句，不定式

4、作表語是對主語起補充說明作用。His wish is to buy a luxurious ear in the near future.他的希望是在不遠的將來買一輛豪華轎車。The funetion of Lo uis Sullivan ' s architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior.The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future o

5、f the plant語法難點精析之非謂語動詞(2)(2) 動名詞作表語：動名詞作表語，表示抽象的一般性的行為。Our work is servi ng the people.我們的工作是為人民服務。His hobby is collect ing stamps.他的愛好是集郵。(注)動名詞作表語時與進行時態(tài)中的現(xiàn)在分詞形式相同，但其所屬結構迥異，進行時態(tài)說明 動作是由主語完成的。動名詞做表語，說明主語的性質或情況。People cannot but feel puzzled ， for they simply cannot understand how he could have made

6、such a stupid mistake.His victory in the final was no more convincing tha n I had expected.(3) 分詞作表語 分詞做表語有兩種情況，一種是現(xiàn)在分詞做表語，一種是過去分詞做表語，這兩者區(qū)別是考 試中經(jīng)?？嫉降牡胤?。一般來說，表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞如excite，interest等都是及物動詞，漢語意思不是 激動”高興”而是使激動”的使高興”因而現(xiàn)在分詞應該是令人激動的”的令人高興的”過去分詞則是感到激動的”和感到高興的”所以，凡表示 令人的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示感到"都用-ed形式。換句話說，

7、若人對 感興趣，就是 somebody isinterested in，若人/物本身有興趣時，就是說 sb./sth. is interesting.這類詞常見的有：interesting 使人感到高興-interested 感到高興的 exciting令人激動的-excited感到激動的 delighting令人高興的-delighted感到高興的 disappointing 令人失望的-disappointed感到失望的如果要學生學得太多，他encouraging 令人鼓舞的-encouraged 感到鼓舞的 pleasing令人愉快的-pleased感到愉快的 puzzling令人費解的

8、-puzzled感到費解的 satisfying令人滿意的-satisfied感到滿意的 surprising令人驚異的-surprised 感到驚異的 worrying 令人擔心的-worried 感到擔心的 Traveli ng is in terest ing but tiri ng.旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲勞。The pupils will get con fused if they are made to lear n too much們會感到糊涂的。The argume nt is very convincing.他的論點很令人信服。They were very excited a

9、t the news.聽到這個消息，他們非常激動。GCT英語非謂語動詞練習1. in a simple style, the book clearly describes the author ' s childhood experiences in a small town.A. WritingB. To be written C. Being writtenD. Written2.1 really appreciateto help me, but I am sure that I can manage it myself.A. you to come B . that you c

10、ome C. your coming D . how you come3. Australia the Asians have made their influencein businesses , large and small.A. feelingB. feelC. feltD. to be felt4. Susan will come to watch himat Wimbledon this week.A. playedB. play C. to playD. playing5. The issueat the conference is very important and it w

11、ill create a sensation nationwide.A. discussedB. being discussed C. is being discussedD. has been discussed6. Weather,there will be an open air party with live music here this weekendA. permitsB. should permitC. will permit D . permitting7. If the workby the end of this month is delayed , the constr

12、uction company will be heavily fined.A. is completedB. to be completedC. will have been completedD. will be completed8. The manager promised to keep meof how our business was going on.A. informedB. in formi ngC. to be informedD. having informed9. Radios today seldom needor the attention of a technic

13、ian.A. to repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to have repairedqualified repairmen to fix their10. Far too many owners of electric appliances have a hard time machines.A. finding B . to find C . to finding D . having found答案：D C C B B非謂語動詞的用法小結（1）一、解析非謂動詞作主語1. 不定式作主語。如：To say is easier tha n to do.解析:

14、川不立式作丄評吋.常辰示放恥的、貝體的、特吿的動作：XO it作形式主語而將其后置。如上例可改為：It is easier to say than to do.2. 動名詞作主語。如：Walk ing after supper is good for both you ng and old.解析:若表示擴1象的、訝慣怦的刼作吋常川動名詞二二、解析非謂語動詞作表語1. 不定式作表語。如：What I can do is to give you some reas on able advice.The library books are not allowed to be taken away.解

15、析：水址二茁乍辰語吋，共后嚶丈同伺幻J丄動代或被動認，與其最近的動詞采用原形。2. 動名詞作表語。如：His job is teach ing.The most famous writings in the world are worth reading.解析：動杯詞作忘誥時，表評既貝育動范特沅乂h有瞎飼性.及至有時表記和主詰才以it換.如上例可改為：Teachi ng is his job.3. 分詞作表語。如：The film is in teresti ng, and my sister gets in terested in it.解析：視在分詞布表表示主常所貝有的詩彳7表訊仃主常之間

16、是主動矣系，井且需以砌作主語，譯為“某物怎么樣”；過去分詞作表語，表示主語所處的心理狀態(tài)，主語和表語之間存在被動關系，并且常以人作主語，譯為“某人感到怎么樣"。具有這一用法的有：surprise, i nterest, touch, move, puzzle, excite, tire, please, disappo int, satisfy, en courage 等。三、解析非謂語動詞作賓語1. 不定式作賓語。如：She prete nded not to see me whe n I came in.Little Jim should love to be taken to

17、the theatre this evening.解析:蘆些動同乙后要川不處式作賓話。表示某次貝-體的動作或行兒類似的動同有hope,agree, choose,manage,promise,expect,determine,decide,seek,refuse,arrange,desire 等。2. 動名詞作賓語。如：Would you mind my ope ning the win dow?He didn ' t remember having lived with his friend before.解析:有些動i司詞粗)后接動名詞形式，表示動作的經(jīng)常那勺慣咔或已經(jīng)芫成.：X似

18、的詞有 enjoy, keep, admit, avoid, escape, consider, delay, put off, give up 等。注煮 want, need, require等動詞以物作主語時，其后的賓語用主動式表被動含義或用不定式的被動式。 女口 Those you ng trees n eed wateri ng/ to be watered.另外，還有少數(shù)動詞， 女口 mean, stop, try, can ' t h等后既可接不定式也可接動名詞，但各自發(fā)生時間有先后。如：1) The light in the room is still on.Oh, I

19、forgot to tur n it off.2) Where is your pen?Oh, I remember having putting it in my bag.四、解析非謂語動詞作賓語補足語、主語補足語1. 不定式作賓語、主語補足語。如：The policema n told the boy not to play on the road.The old man was ofte n see n to sta nd at the door of his house.斛爪 諸婦 get, ask, beg, invite, oblige, allow, hate, wish, wa

20、nt, expect, like, permit, encourage, request, advise, order, persuade, cause, warn 等動詞后都可用不定式作賓語補足語。但 hope, think, agree, in sist, pla n, suppose, suggest, announ ce, dema nd 等動詞不能這樣用。女口果動詞 let, have, make,hear, notice, see, observe, feel, look at, listen to 等，用于被動語態(tài)中時，則可以用不定式作主語補 足語。2. 分詞作賓語、主語補足語。

21、-1）現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語、主語補足語。如：Tom ' s father saw him sitting on the eggs.Soon steam can be see n ris ing from the wet clothes.解析：現(xiàn)血分詞作底謠、主常補足訊時，宏示現(xiàn)九分詞的邏粧丄詰眥是仁于的賓汙成至i環(huán) 與邏輯主語之間存在主動關系2）過去分詞作賓語、主語補足語。如：I had my house pain ted last week.Her book was found stole n whe n Kate came back home.解析:過舟分詞作賓訐、工語補足話吋，哀示過犬

22、分詞的邏輯主語就是句子的賓語或主語， 與邏輯主語之間存在被動關系。非謂語動詞的用法小結（2）五、解析非謂語動詞作定語1. 不定式作定語。如：Every day the workers have a lot of work to do.（動賓關系）She has no wish to go with you.（同位關系）The sec ond officer to come in was Smith. （主謂關系）This is the best way to lear n a foreig n lan guage. （修飾關系）解析:不處式作址：幵吋迪牯肓呂,習作后社址:幵,表示將妾發(fā)生的動作

23、，與被修飾的名詞Z 間存在動賓關系、同位關系、主謂關系或修飾關系。2. 動名詞作主語。如：We shall have a writ ing competiti on.There is a swimmi ng pool in the park.解析:用動r,詞作産i忑起說明被修飾帛沆件質成口途的作兒.3. 分詞作定語。-1）現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。如：Now there is a fire bur ning in the fireplace.The villagers built a road leading to the city.解析:現(xiàn)E分詞作疋話，片它修們的訶之間存在遇借卜.的主菇關聚亠現(xiàn)E分說

24、表示動作 正在進行或經(jīng)常性、現(xiàn)在或當時的狀態(tài)。-2）過去分詞作定語。如：There is a village called Gum Tree far away from here.1912.The Olympic Games, first played in 775BC, did not include women players until解析:過公分詞作龍語吋，沁所修飾的訶ZI可存工被動關泰,過M詞所麥示的動作是芒 謂語動詞所表示的動作之前發(fā)生，或沒有固定的時間性。六、解析非謂語動詞作狀語1. 不定式作狀語。如：They came to see their mother in hospit

25、al.Every one cried to hear the bad n ews.解析:不疋式作狀i幵吋：廠以表示目的、結果、總內(nèi)和條件c表0的吋慣于so as to或in order to 中,但 so as to 不能置于句首； 表示結果時常用于enough to, tooto,soas to,suchas to結構中，但要注意tooto結構與only, not, never連用時語法結構發(fā)生了變化，因此要擇義而用之。2. 分詞作狀語。1）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。如：Work ing hard, you won ' t fail in the exam in ati on.Not havi

26、ng heard from her, I decided to write to her again.解析：農(nóng)工動語態(tài)屮.現(xiàn)土分訂作狀語吋.表示現(xiàn)在分詞動作與劇幵動作同吋進行或先于胃 語動作發(fā)生或完成。因此可用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式或完成式表示，而完成式的否定式 not必須置于分詞之前。相當于表示原因、條件、時間、結果、伴隨狀況等狀語從句。注意：迪當現(xiàn)在分汩的迪討主常就是旬子的主乳呵皮此更存在邏討卜.的主汁吳系.<11gen erally speak ing, strictly speak in g, roughly speak in g, judgi ng from等詞組不受這種語法限制。-

27、2）過去分詞作狀語。如：Seen from the top of the tower, the river looks like a snake.Give n more atte nti on, the trees could have grow n better.解析:在初動訊態(tài)中過去分詞柞狀常時,句于的主訊1過去分詞之間冇:在皴動關系即主第 是過去分詞動作的承受者，同樣也可以表原因、條件、時間、結果、伴隨狀況等狀語從句。七、解析分詞、從句以及獨立主格之間的不同1. 分詞短語結構，它表示分詞動作的邏輯主語是句子的主語，連詞可以保留，也可以省略。如:Whe n leav ing the rai

28、lway stati on, she kept sile nt.2. 從句結構，從句前既有連詞也有完整的句子成分，并且主從句的主語可以相同也可以不同。如：Ann was singing while she was dancing.The flight of No. 737 had take n off before he arrived.3. 獨立主格結構，該結構中動詞的邏輯主語與句子的主語不同，并且要省略連詞，但必須保留獨立主格結構中的主語。如：All the people hav ing bee n here, the leader declared the meeti ng ope n.

29、The task fini shed, they would have no thi ng to do.蹤I :所述,非謂語動詞的語態(tài)重點是:（1）句子的主語、賓語或表語是非謂語動詞的主語時，非謂語動詞用主動式；（2）若句子的主語、賓語或表語是非謂語動詞的邏輯賓語時，非謂語動詞用被動式。 時態(tài)重點是：（1）若非謂語動詞與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生時用一般式；（2）若非謂語動詞先于謂語動詞發(fā)生時用完成式；（3 ）若謂語動作發(fā)生的同時，非謂語動作也在進行，就用不定式進行時。不定代詞（the indefinite pronoun） 用法不定代詞： （the in defi nite pronoun）不定代詞是

30、：不指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞。不定代詞有：some' anybothalleither neither' none'allotherothersa no theron eeacheveryfewa fewlittlea little1. some ,any 些（人或物）。any還有 任何（人或物）"之意。some 一般用于陳述句，any多用于否定句、疑問句；如：Some of us can use computer.Some say yes, and some say no.The apples are n ice. Do you have some?Are

31、 any of them yours?I don't know any of them.2. both, all, either, n either, noneboth :兩者（都）., all:所有的人（或物）none沒有人或物（三個人或物當中），用作單數(shù)either:兩者中任一個；n either:兩者中沒有一個both:兩者（都）看做復數(shù)女口： Both of his parents are ill.你們倆全對。（both說明只有兩人）Both of them aren't very beautiful.（并不是他倆都漂亮）either: 看作單數(shù)女口： Either o

32、f us may （情態(tài)動詞） join the party. 你們（兩人）中任何一個可以參 加聚會。Come to my home on Friday or Saturday. Either of them is ok.周五或周六來我家吧。這兩天中，哪天都行。There's coffee or tea - you can （情態(tài)動詞）have either （of them）.咖啡或茶一可以任選一種。neither:兩個人或物當中沒有一個（用作單數(shù)）女口： Neither of the twins likes music.這對雙胞胎中沒一個喜歡音樂。-Which do you lik

33、e, tea or milk?茶和牛奶你喜歡哪一個 ？-Neither.（兩個當中任何）一個都不喜歡.all:所有的人（或物）三者或三者以上的全部，看做復數(shù)如:All of the students are in Class 2.I don't know all of people here.none:沒有人或物（三個人或物當中或以上），既可以表示不可數(shù)的事物，也可以表示 可數(shù)的事物和人，所以none可以看做單數(shù)，也可看作復數(shù)。女口：None of the telepho nes are work ing.這些電話沒一部能用。（從none來看，有三部以上的電話）-How many co

34、lour pencils do you have? 你有多少彩色鉛筆？-No ne. 支也沒有。3. other, others, the others, ano ther,other:和the連用，指 兩者中的另外一個 ”。Onethe other 女口： I have two pens, one is red, the other is yellow.another:和other 樣，都表示 另外一個”。但other指兩者中的 另外一個”；another 則指多者（至少三者）中"的另一個，且an other前不可有任何修飾詞。女口： My glass is broken. I h

35、ave to change another .One boy was readi ng; ano ther was writ ing.（代詞）一個男孩在讀書，另一個在寫字。others：另外的人或物（代詞，可作主語、賓語）其他的如：Think of others as well as yourself.（賓語）不僅要想到自己，也要想到別人（其他人） 。I did n't buy many cakes. Could you get some others?（賓語）我沒有多買糕點，你有多余的嗎？the others:其余的所有的人（或物）” ones, the other女口： I hav

36、e three pens. One is red, the others are black.I have two pens. One is red the other is black.I have ten stamps（郵票）.One is a Japanese stamp, the others are the American stamps.I have two stamps（郵票）.One is a Japanese stamp, the other is the American stamp.Joh n and the others are here.約翰和其他人都在這兒。（作主語

37、）用法：.Sometimes she meets some parents.定語）2. Very often her husba nd helps her with some of the housework.（介賓）3. Everybody says she is "an ideal wife and good mother."（主語，看作單數(shù)）4. They usually have something substential.（賓語）5. Do you know English? Yes, but just a little.（賓語）6.Some people als

38、o drink a little wine.（ 定語）7.We like parties and we have many friends.（定語）8.Some of them are eati ng and some are sta ndin g.（主語）9.It's just an ordinary one.（表語）lO.Look at the two boys on this side. One is sta nding on a desk.（主語）復合不定代詞復合不定代詞的構成復合不定代詞是由 some-, any-, no-, every-力口上-one, -body , -

39、thing等所組成的不定 代詞。復合不定代詞包括somethi ng （某事物），somebody （某人），some one （某人），anything（任何事物），anybody （任何人），anyone （任何人），nothing （沒事物），nobody （沒人） no one （沒人），everything （切事物），everybody （每個人），everyone （每個人）等十二個。這些復合代詞具有名詞性質，在句中可用作主語、賓語或表語，但不能用作定語。復合不定代詞的指代對象1含-body和-one的復合代詞只用來指人，含 -body的復合不定代詞與含-one的復 合不定代詞在

40、功能和意義上完全相同，可以互換。只是用-body時顯得較通俗些，多用于口語中，用-one時顯得較文雅些，更常見于正式場合及書面語中。如：Some on e/Somebody is crying in the n ext room.有人在隔壁房間哭。No one/Nobody is stupid.沒有誰是愚蠢的。2、含-thing的復合不定代詞只用來指事物。如：Are you goi ng to buy an yth in g? 你會去買東西嗎？I can hear nothing but your voice. 我只聽至 U了你的聲音。復合不定代詞的屬格1含-one和-body等指人的復合代詞

41、可有-'屬格形式。如：Everybody' s bus in ess is n obody' s bus大es的事情沒人管。Is this anybody' s se這兒有人坐嗎？2、 含-one和-body等指人的復合代詞后跟else時，-'屬格應加在else之后。如:Can you remember some one else ' s n am你還記得其他人的姓名嗎？3、 含-thing等指事物的復合不定代詞沒有-屬格形式。復合不定代詞的數(shù)1、復合不定代詞都具有單數(shù)的含義，因此通常被看成是單數(shù)第三人稱。當它們充當句 子的主語時，其后的謂語動詞

42、用單數(shù)形式。如：Is everyone here today?今天，大家都到齊了嗎?Nothi ng is difficult if you put your heart into it.世上無難事，只怕有心人。2、當要對一群人講話時，可使用以復合不定代詞作主語的祈使句，句中的動詞用 原形。如：Nobody move ！ = Don' anybody move 者E另U動！Everyo ne lie dow n!統(tǒng)統(tǒng)趴下！復合不定代詞的替代問題由于復合不定代詞都具有單數(shù)的含義，所以在正規(guī)的英語中用來替代它們的代詞也應該是單數(shù)形式。1含-one和-body等指人的復合代詞，其代詞應該是h

43、e/she, him/her,其-屬格形式的代詞應該是 his/her, his/hers。如：Everyone has his/her own words.每個人都有他（她）自己的說辭。但是，這樣一來就會因為性別的差異而使得在代詞的運用上具有不確定性，所以為了避免這種別扭的情況，我們一般都是用they/them/their/theirs,尤其是在口語中以及非正式場合下。如：No one gave you a ticket, did they? 沒人給你票，是嗎？Some one came in, but I did n ' t know who they we 有人進來了，但我不知道

44、是誰。2、含-thing等指事物的復合不定代詞，不會因性別上的差異而使得在代詞的運用 上產(chǎn)生不確定性，因此我們就使用it。如：Something goes wrong, doesn ' t出問題了，是嗎？復合不定代詞的定語復合不定代詞的定語必須后置，即放在復合不定代詞的后面。如：Can you tell something interesting? 你能講些有趣的事情嗎？Is there anybody important here? 這兒有大人物嗎？Would you like something to eat? 要來些吃的東西嗎？含some-和 any-的復合不定代詞間的用法區(qū)別由

45、some-禾口 any-所構成的復合不定代詞（即 someth ing禾口 anything ; some one禾口 anyone; somebody和anybody）之間的區(qū)別跟 some和any的區(qū)別一樣。1、 someth ing, some one, somebody 通常用于肯定句中， 而 anything , anyone, an ybody 一般用于否定句，疑問句或條件狀語從句中。如：He found something strange but interesting.他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些奇怪但卻有趣的事情。Do you have anything to say ?你有話要說嗎？I c

46、an ' t meet anybody on the island在島上，我沒遇見任何人。2、在表示請求、邀請、提建議等帶有委婉語氣的疑問句，和希望得到對方肯定答復的疑問句，以及表示反問的問句中，也用something，someone，somebody等復合不定代詞。如:Would you like something to eat ?要些吃的東西嗎？Isn ' t there something wrong with you?難道你沒問題嗎？3、 當anything表示任何事（物），無論何事（物）”，anyone，anybody表示無論 誰，任何人”等意義時，它們也可以用于肯

47、定句中。如：An ythi ng is OK.什么都行。Anybody knows the answer.任何人都知道答案。復合不定代詞的否定1、“not every"表示的是部分否定，意為并非都，不都”。例如：Not everythi ng will go well. 并非一切都會那么順利。The teacher did n ' t call every one ' s老師并沒有點所有人的名。2、“not any"和no-均表示全否定。例如：He listened, but heard nothing.他聽了聽，但什么也沒聽到。=He listened,

48、but didn' t hear anything.You haven' t called anyone/anybody up, have you?你沒給誰打過電話，是嗎？=You have called no one/no body up, have you?復合不定代詞作名詞復合不定代詞可以充當名詞用，表示“的事情（東西或人）”。1、some on e/somebody, anyone/an ybody 的意義是 重要人物，大人物 ”，every on e/everybody意為 最重要的人”，noon e/nobody則意指 無關緊要的人，小人物 ”。例 如：2、 som

49、ething， anything的意義是 重要事情（東西）”，everything表示 最重要的事情（東西）”，nothing則指毫無趣味的事情，無關緊要的東西合與分的區(qū)別問題1、 some one, anyone, every one 者 E只能指人，且不和介詞of 連用；some one, anyone, every one則既可指人又可指物，可與介詞of連用。例如：Anyone should be polite to every one of them.任何人都要禮貌對待他們中的每一個人。-Which toy would you like? -Any one is OK.- 你要那個玩具

50、？-隨便。2、 no one（ =nobody）沒有人”只用來指人，通常不和介詞 of連用；none沒有 一個”既可以用來指人也可用來指物。例如：No one can do it better.沒有人能做得更好。None of these questio ns is easy, and none of us can even an swer any one of the m 這些 問題沒有一個是容易的，我們中沒有一個人能答出其中的一題。回答who引導的特殊疑問句時用no one;回答how many引導的特殊疑問句時用none。例如：-Who was late ? -No one.-誰遲到了？

51、-誰也沒有遲到。-How many pigs do you keep? -None.- 你養(yǎng)幾頭豬？ -一頭也沒養(yǎng)。復合不定代詞是由some,any,no,every加-body,-thing,-one構成，列表如下:Somebody 某人Anybody任何人Some one 某人Anyone任何人Something某物，某事Anything任何事物Nobody沒有人Everybody 每人No one沒有人Every one 每人Nothing沒有東西Everythi ng 切由于在使用中有比較特殊的習慣用法，是考試中比較常見的考點?，F(xiàn)將常見的考試形式解析如下：一：復合不定代詞和部分否定部分

52、否定是考試中的熱門考點，常表達的結構有兩種：1: not+全部肯定詞 2 :助 動詞+not+全部肯定詞。其意都為 并非都，不都"。前者是一般形態(tài)，女如: Not everyone likes English.由于是基本概念，學生比較容易理解。 的疑惑，是出題的焦點。但后者和一般否定句比較相似，容易引起學生判斷上1. I agree with most of what you said, but I don' t agree withA. everyth ing B: anything C. someth ing D. nothing分析：有同學看到I don ' t

53、 agre就判斷是否定句，選B, an ythi ng.這就是對句子理解出現(xiàn) 了偏差。句意是：我同意你所說的大部分，但不是全部。是一句典型的部分否定形式。noteverythign的結構表明 并非每件事”所以正確答案是 A. everyting 。2. -The exam was difficult, wasn' t it?No, but I don ' t thinkcould pass it.A. somebody B. an ybody C. n obody D everybody分析：同上題一樣，不能將 I don ' t thinl簡單得看成否定句而選B. a

54、nybody。"noteverybod構成部分否定，既并非所有的人都能通過 ”所以應該選 D. everybody。二：復合不定代詞的定語位置復合不定代詞被定語修飾的時候，定語必須放在不定代詞后面。特別是當修飾的定語比較復雜的情況下要認真分析，弄清詞序間的修飾關系。1. There iswith your car.A. nothing seriously wrong B. seriously wrong nothingC. nothing wrong seriously D. wrong seriously nothing分析： 首先，seriously副詞修飾 wrong 形容詞s

55、eriously wrong 表示 嚴重損壞 ” seriously wrong 修飾nothing, 放在nothing 后面，意思是嚴重損壞的地方 ” nothing seriously wrong , 所以答案是A。2. He asked me if there wasto read.A. easy eno ugh someth ing B. eno ugh easy someth ingC. someth ing easy eno ugh D. someth ing eno ugh easy分析：副詞enough修飾形容詞easy,放easy后面，easy enough意思是 足夠簡單

56、的” easy eno ugh 修飾不定代詞 someth ing ,放 someth ing 后面。someth ing easy eno ugh 意思是 足 夠簡單的東西”所以選擇C。三：復合不定代詞與定語從句中的關系代詞當復合不定代詞由定語從句修飾的時候，考察的重點在關系代詞的選擇。當先行詞為指物的不定代詞的時候，關系代詞為 that,但 something后的關系代詞既可以是 that，也可以是 which。當先行詞為指人的不定代詞的時候，關系代詞為who或that。特別注意當關系代詞在從句中充當賓語成分的時候可以省略，這也是考察的重點。1. Fi nally, the thief han ded everyth inghe had stole n to the police.A. which B. what C. whatever D. that分析：D.先行詞everything在定語從