(完整word版)初中主謂一致的用法及專項練習題帶答案(2)

1、主謂一致的用法及專項練習題 一、主謂一致三原則 主謂一致是指謂語動詞與主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，主謂一致必須遵循三 原則：語法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則。 1. 語法一致原則：指主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，主語是復數(shù)形 式，謂語也用復數(shù)形式。 Tom is a good student. 湯姆是個好學生。 They often play football on the playground. 他們經(jīng)常在操場上踢足球。 2. 意義一致：指主語形式上為單數(shù)，但意義為復數(shù)，因此謂語動詞用復數(shù)形 式；或主語形式上為復數(shù) ,但表示單數(shù)意義，這是謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 My family

2、is having lunch now. 我們一家人現(xiàn)在正吃午飯。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 這本書 20 美元太貴了。 3. 就近一致：指謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復數(shù)形式，取決于最靠近他的主 語。例如： Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不僅老師喜歡踢足球，而且他的學生也喜歡踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the des 課桌上有一支鋼筆和一些書。 二、主謂一致?？碱}型 1. 單數(shù)名詞

3、（代詞），不可數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)形式，復數(shù)名詞 （代詞） 作主語，謂語用復數(shù)形式。 The desk is Tom 這張桌子是湯姆的。 Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 The students are playing football on the playground. 這些學生正在操場上踢足球。 2. ma ny a+單數(shù)名詞作主語，意義雖為 許多”，但謂語要用單數(shù)形式。 Many a stude nt has bee n to Shan ghai.許多學生至 U 過上海。 3. more than one 單數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。

4、More tha n one stude nt has ever bee n to Beiji ng 不止一個學生曾經(jīng)去過北京。 4. 表示時間，價格，重量，數(shù)目，長度，數(shù)學運算等的詞或短語作主語時， 這些通常作一個整體概念，謂語用單數(shù)形式。例如： Two months is a long holiday. 兩個月是一個長假。 Twenty pounds isn t so heav 英鎊并不太重。 Ten miles isn t a long distanc 英里（并不是一段很長的距離。 Five minus four is one. 5 減 4 等于 1。 5. 主語是 each/every

5、+單數(shù)名詞+and（each/every）+單數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 Each boy and each girl has got a sea 每個男孩和女孩都有一個座位。 Every man and every woman is at work. 每個男人和女人都在工作。 6. one and a half+復數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 One and a half hours is eno ugh.個半小時足夠了。 7. 動詞不定式，動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 To see is to believe. 眼見為實。 Doing eye exercises is goo

6、d for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操對你的眼睛十分有益。 8. a/an+單數(shù)名詞+or two 作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 A student or two has failed the exam. 一兩個學生考試不及格。 9. 當主語部分含有 with, together with, along with, as well as, besides, except, but, like等介詞或介詞短語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；但 名詞+as well as+名詞” 時，謂語動詞一般應(yīng)與第一個名詞一致。 Mike with his father has been to England.

7、邁克同他的父親去過英格蘭。 Mike, like his brother, enjoys playing football. 邁克像他的哥哥一樣喜歡踢足球。 The students as well as the teacher were present at the meeting. 10. 由 and 連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時， 一般用復數(shù)形式，但 and 所連接的 并列主語是同一個人， 事物，或概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 這兩種情況區(qū)分如下： a/the+單數(shù)名詞+and+單數(shù)名詞，指的是同一個人或物；a/the+單數(shù)名詞+and a/the+ 單數(shù)名詞，指兩個人或物。 The writ

8、er and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教師來了。 （作家和教師指同一個人 ） The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老師來了。 （作家和老師是兩個人 ） 11. people, police 等集體名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式，family, class, group, team等集體名詞作主語，若指一個整體時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，若指一個具 體成員時，謂語動詞復數(shù)形式。 People here are very friendly. 這兒的人很友好。 His family isn t ia 他家的人不多。 My famil

9、y all like watching TV. 我們一家人都喜歡看電視。 12. 不定代詞 somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing 作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齊了嗎？ Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。 Nobody was in. 沒有人在家。 13. each, either, neither, another, the othe

10、r 作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 Each of them has an En glish dictio nary.他們每人都有一本英語詞典。 Neither answer is correct. 兩個答案都不正確。 14. 以一 s 結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復數(shù)意義，謂語通常用單數(shù)形式，如 n ews, math, physics 等， No news is good news. 沒有消息就是好消息。 Maths is very popular in our class 在我們班數(shù)學很受歡迎。 15. 由 bothand連接兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；由 or, either or,n

11、either nor not only but also no,but 連接兩個名 詞或代詞作主語時，根據(jù)就近原則決定謂語動詞形式。 Either my wife or I am going. Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer. Not only you but also he is ready to leave. 如果 either, each, neither 作主語，則動詞為單數(shù)形式。 Each of us has his likes and dislikes. Neither of the books is ver

12、y interesting. 16. 如果主語是由“ a series of, a kind of, a portio n o 等+名詞”構(gòu)成時，動詞一 般用單數(shù)形式。 A series of pre-recorded taps has been prepared for language laboratory use. 但 a variety of, a number of +名詞復數(shù)，動詞要用復數(shù)形式；而 the number of + 復數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 On exhibition there are a great variety of consumer goods. T

13、he number of the students is over eight hundred 17. 以 here, there 開關(guān)的句子，若主語在兩個或兩個以上，謂語動詞通常與 臨近的主語一致 There is a book and three pens on the desk. Here are some books and paper for you. 18. the+形容詞表示一類人時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式，表示抽象概念時，用單數(shù) 形式 . The poor are very happy, but the rich are sad. The beautiful lives forev

14、er. 美是永存的。 三、肯定與否定一致 下列形容詞、副詞、代詞從肯定句變成否定句時須作相應(yīng)的變化。 Weve had some (mon ey). We have nt had any (mon ey). I was talk ing to some one. I was nt talk ing to anyone. They sometimes visit us. f They rarely (never, seldom) visit us He has arrived already. f He has nt arrived yet. Li is coming too. f Li isn

15、t coming either. Both of us are going. f Neither of us is going. He likes both of them. f He doesnt like either of them. 注意：so/neither+助動詞+名詞/代詞結(jié)構(gòu)中須用倒裝語序。 My wife likes classic music very much and so do I. She doesnt like jazz and neither do I. 主謂一致專項練習題 1. Either Jane or Steven _ watching TV now. A

16、. were B. is C. was D. are 2. Two days _ enough for me to finish the work, I need a third day. A. isn tB. is C. aren t D. are 3. How many lessons do you usually have a day? Six lessons a day. And each of then _ 45 minutes. A. last B. lasts C. have D. are 4. Neither Li Ping nor I _ a basketball playe

17、r. A. am B. is C. be D. are 5. There _ many new words in lesson one, It is very easy. A. is B. aren tC. isn tD. are 6. The number of the students in our school _ 1200. A. is B. are C. has D. have 7. Maths _ my favorite subject. A. be B. is C. am D. are 8. The boy with the two dogs _ when the earthqu

18、ake rocked the city. A. were sleeping B. is sleeping C. was sleeping D. are sleeping 9. Every one except Tom and John _ there when the meeting began. A. are B. is C. were D. was 10. That place is not interesting at all, _ of us wants to go there. A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Some 11. Nobody but Jane

19、 _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have know D. is 12. Whats on the plate? Some eggs and cakes on it? There _ some eggs and cakes on it. A. is B. are C. was D. were 13. This pair of glasses _ mine. A. are B. be C. is D. will be 14. Both Lily and Lucy _ to the party yesterday. A. invited B. was invit

20、ed C. had invited D. were invited 15. Two months _ quite a long time. Yes, I mafraid that he will miss lots of his lessons. A. is B. are C. was D. were 16. In the city the old _ . A. take good care of B. are taken good care of C. is taken good care of D. are been taken good care of 17. His family _

21、all very kind and friendly, His family _a happy one. A. are, is B. is, is C. are, are D. is, are 18. The singer and the dancer _ come to Beijing. A. has B. have C. are D. is 19. The children in this class each _ new school bag. A. have B. has C. has got D. are having 20. All but one _ here just now.

22、 A. is B. was C. has been D. were 21. If Bobs wife wont agree to go on holiday in winter, _ . A. neither he will B. neither wont he C. neither will he D. he wont neither 22. I havent finished my homework yet. _ . A. so has he B. Neither he has C. He has too D. He hasnt either 23. “Im gointog visit t

23、he Lu Gou Bridge tomorrow. ” “ _ . ” A. I am so B. So am I C. So go I D. So I go 24. You as well as he _to blamed 備)for the accide nt 交通事故). A. are B. is C. have D. has 25. Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to teach my daughter to sing English songs. A. has been B. is C. are D. am 主謂一致練習題參考答案 (1).

24、B (2). A (3). B (4). A (5). B (6). A (7). B (8). C (9). D (10). A (11).B (12).B (13).C (14) D . (15).A (16).B (17).A (18).B (19).A (20) D (21).C (22). D (23). B (24). A (25). D 主謂一致練習題 2 I. 從所給的四個選項中選出最佳選項。 ( )1. Collecting stamps _ my hobby. A. is B. are C. has D. have ( )2. The lady with her littl

25、e son _ walking along the lake now. A. is B. are C. was D. were ( )3. Both of the twin girls _ wearing red clothes today. A. is B. are C. want D. wants ( )4. Each of the students _ a Walkman. A. have B. has C. there is D. there are ( )5. All of my money _ stolen last night. A. is B. was C. has D. ha

26、ve ( )6. The police _ for the robbers now. A. is searching B. are searching C. is searched D. are searched ( )7. Half of the students _ from abroad. A. is B. are C. comes D. has come ( )8. Two kilometers _ a long way. You d better take a taxi. A. is B. are C. was D. were ( )9. Most of the country _

27、grassland. A. there are B. there is C. are D. is ( )10. What I have told you _ a secret. Please don t tell others. A. are B. is C. keep D. keeps ( )11. Not only you but also he _ the exam. A. was passed B. has passed C. had passed D. is passed ( )12. This pair of glasses _ me well. A. fit B. fits C.

28、 have fitted D. is fitted ( )13. Physics _ a course that every student must take. A. have B. has C. is D. are ( )14. Who _ the two women talking over there? A. is B. are C. was D. be ( )15. Every boy and every girl _ in new clothes today. A. is B. are C. wear D. dresses ( )16. Chinese _ by the large

29、st number of people. A. is speaking B. speak C. speaks D. is spoken ( )17. A letter sent between computers called an e-mail. A. are B. is C. have D. has ( )18. The population of this town 300, 000. A. are B. is C. have D. has ( )19. What the number of the workers in the factory? Two thousand. And a

30、large number of them _ women. A. is; is B. is; are C. are; is D. are; are ( )20. this pair of shoes yours? No. My shoes _ under the bed. A. Is; is B. Are; are C. Is; are D. Are; is ( )21. In the city the old . A. take good care of B. are taken good care of C. is taken good care of D. takes good care

31、 of ( )22. The Greens getting ready for their journey. A. is B. prepare C. prepares D. are ( )23. The musician and writer to visit our school. A. is coming B. are coming C. enjoys D. enjoy ( )24. None of the money his. A. belong to B. are C. is D. has ( )25. Do you like watching cooking programmes o

32、n TV? No, I don t, but my twin brother _ . He s very fond of cooking. A. does B. do C. is D. are ( )26. Everyone except Tom and John _ there when the meeting began. A. are B. is C. were D. was ( )27. We ve got two TV sets, but works well. A. any B. both C. either D. neither ( )28. The headmaster as

33、well as all the teachers _ . A. are having a meeting B. have gone to the museum C. is planting trees on the hill D. feel very excited about the prize ( )29. Two fifths of them Young Pioneers. A. is B. are C. join to D. joins ( )30. The music they played _ very wonderful. A. is B. sound C. are D. lis

34、tens ( )31. you he is able to ski, but I am. A. Both; and B. Not only; but also C. Either; or D. Neither; nor ( )32. His family _ all very kind and friendly. His family _ a happy one. A. are; is B. is; is C. are; are D. is; are ( )33. Do you need more time to finish the work? Yes, another ten days _

35、 enough. A. are B. is C. were D. was ( )34. How time flies! Ten years passed. A. have B. has C. is D. are ( )35. This pair of jeans _ Tina s. A. are B. is C. be D. am ( )36. How many classes do you usually have a day? Six classes a day. And each of them _ 45 minutes. A. last B. lasts C. have D. are

36、( )37. Neither Li Ming nor I _ a basketball player. A. am B. is C. belong to D. belongs to ( )38. There many new words in lesson one. It is very easy. A. is B. aren Ct. isn D.tare ( )39. Nobody but Jane the secret. A. know B. knows C. don t knowD. have known ( )40. Whats on the plate? There _ some e

37、ggs and cakes on it. A. is B. are C. was D. were ( )41. All but one here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were ( )42. Neither the teacher nor the students _ in the classroom at that moment. A. were B. was C. weren D.twasn t ( )43. There _ enough food in the fridge. You have to buy some on your way home. A. isn B.tis C. are D. aren t ( )44. She is the only one of the _ writers who _ stories for children. A. woman; writes B. woman; write C. women; writes D. women; wri