2022年2022年高中英語被動語態(tài)專項練習(xí)

1、精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載被動語態(tài)一.被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式1. 被動語態(tài)的基本時態(tài)變化被動語態(tài)通常為十種時態(tài)的被動形式、 被動語態(tài)由 be過去分詞構(gòu)成, be 隨時態(tài)的變化而變化；以 do 為例,各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式為：1) am/is/are +done 過去分詞 一般現(xiàn)在時例 visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2） has /have been done 現(xiàn)在完成時例 all the preparations for the task have been completed、 and we're ready

2、to start.3） am/is /are being done現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時例 a new cinema is being built here 4） was/were done 一般過去時例 i was given ten minutes to decide whether i should reject the offer. 5） had been done 過去完成時例 by the end of last year、 another new gymnasium had been completed in beijing.6） was/were being done過去進(jìn)行時例 a me

3、eting was being held when i was there.7） shall/will be done/ be going to be done/ be about to be done/ be to be to done一般將來時例 hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8） should/would be done/ waswere going to be done/ waswere about to be done/waswere to be to done 一般將來時例 the news would be

4、 sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9） shall/will have been done將來完成時（少用）例 the project will have been completed before july.10） should/would have been done過去將來完成時（少用）例 he told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.2. 被動語態(tài)的特別結(jié)構(gòu)形式1帶情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)；其形式為：情態(tài)動詞be過去分詞； 例 the

5、baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2) 有些動詞可以有兩個賓語, 在用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時, 可以把主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z,另一賓語仍舊保留在謂語后面；通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的為間接賓語；例 his mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改為he was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3) 當(dāng)“動詞+賓語+賓語補足語 ”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時,將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)中的主語,其余不精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載動

6、；例 someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette可.改為 the boy was caught smoking a cigarette.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載4）在使役動詞 have、 make、 get 以及感官動詞 see、 watch、 notice、 hear、 feel、 observe 等后面不定式作賓語補語時,在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to 要省略,但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時,要加to；例 someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改為 a stranger was seen to

7、 walk into thebuilding.5 有些相當(dāng)于及物動詞的動詞詞組,如“動詞介詞 ”,“動詞副詞 ”等,也可以用于被動結(jié)構(gòu),但要把它們看作一個整體,不能分開；其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略；例 the meeting is to be put off till friday.3. 非謂語動詞的被動語態(tài)v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被動語態(tài) 一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài) ；例 i don't like being laughed at in the public.精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載二. it is said that+從句及其他類似句型一些表示 “據(jù)

8、說 ”或“信任”的動詞如 believe、 consider、 expect、 report、 say、 suppose、 think等可以精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載用于句型 “itbe過去分詞 that 從句 ”或“主語 be過去分詞 to do sth.；”有：精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載it is said that據(jù)說 、it is reported that據(jù)報道, it is believed that大家信任, it is hoped that大家期望, it is well known that眾所周知, it is thought tha

9、t大家認(rèn)為, it is suggested that據(jù)建議；例 it is said that the boy has passed the national exam（.the boy is said to have passed the national exam. ）三.謂語動詞的主動形式表示被動意義1.英語中有許多動詞如break ,catch, clean, drive , lock , open,sell,read , write , wash等,當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動詞來描述主語特點時,常用其主動形式表達(dá)被動意義 、主語通常為物；例 this kind of cloth wash

10、es well.留意：主動語態(tài)表被動強(qiáng)調(diào)的為主語的特點,而被動語態(tài)就強(qiáng)調(diào)外界作用造成的影響；試比較： the door won't lock （指門本身有毛病）the door won't be locked （指不會有人來鎖門 、 指“門沒有鎖 ”為人的緣由）2. 表示“發(fā)生.進(jìn)行 ”的不及物動詞和短語,如：happen、 last、 take place、 break out、 come out、 come about、 come true、 run out、 give out、 turn out等以主動形式表示被動意義；例 how do the newspapers co

11、me out.這些報紙為如何引出來的呢？3. 系動詞沒有被動形式 、 但有些表示感受.感官的連系動詞feel、 sound、 taste、 book、 feel等在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動形式表示被動意義；例 your reason sounds reasonable.四.非謂語動詞的主動形式表被動意義在某些句型中可用動名詞和不定式的主動形式表被動意義；1 在 need,want , require、bear 等詞的后面,動名詞用主動形式表示被動意義,其含義相當(dāng)于動詞不定式的被動形式；the house needs repairin（g to be repaired）這房子需要修理；2 形容詞 w

12、orth后面跟動名詞的主動形式表示被動含義,但不能跟動詞不定式；而worthy后面跟動詞不定式的被動形式；例 the picture-book is well worth reading（ the picture-book is very worthy to be read）3. 動詞不定式在名詞后面作定語,不定式和名詞之間有動賓關(guān)系時,又和句中另一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系 、 不定式的主動形式表示被動含義；例 i have a lot of things to do this afternoon to do 與 things 為動賓關(guān)系,與i 為主謂關(guān)系； 試比較： i ll go to th

13、e post office. do you have a letter to be posted.此 處用不定式的被動語態(tài)作定語說明 you 不為 post 動作的執(zhí)行者； 4. 在某些 “形容詞不定式 ”做表語或賓語補足語的結(jié)構(gòu)中,句子的主語或賓語又為動詞不定式的規(guī)律賓語時, 這常常用不定式的主動形式表達(dá)被動意義；這些形容詞有 nice,easy,fit ,hard , difficult ,important ,impossible ,pleasant, interesting 等；例 this problem is difficult to work out . （可看作 to work

14、 out 省略了 for me）.5 在 tooto結(jié)構(gòu)中,不定式前面可加規(guī)律主語,所以應(yīng)用主動形式表示被動意義；例 this book is too expensive for me to buy.6. 在 there be句型中,當(dāng)動詞不定式修飾名詞作定語時,不定式用主動式作定語, 重點在人,用被動形式作定語,重點在物；精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載例 there is no time to los（e不明確；）to be lost）（用 to lose 可看成 for us to lose；用 to be lost,誰 lost time精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - -

15、- 歡迎下載7. 在 be todo 結(jié)構(gòu)中的一些不定式通常應(yīng)用主動表主動、 被動表被動；然而 、由于古英語的影響、以下動詞 rent、blame、let 等仍用不定式的主動形式表示被動意義；例 who is to blame for starting the fire.五.介詞 in、 on、 under 等+名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語表被動意義表示方位的介詞與含動作意義的名詞合用,含被動之義, 其意義相當(dāng)于該名詞相應(yīng)動詞的被動精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載形式,名詞前一般不用冠詞；1. “under +名詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu),表示 “某事在進(jìn)行中 ”；常見的有： undercontrol （受

16、掌握） 、 undertreatment（ 在治療中）、 under repair （在修理中） 、 under discussion（在爭論中） 、 under construction（在施工中）；例 the building is under construction is being constructed.2“beyond+名詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu), “出乎賽過.范疇.限度 ”；常見的有： beyond belief 令人精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載難以置信 , beyond one s rea（ch鞭長莫及）,beyond one s cont（ro無l們的勝利始料不及 ；例

17、 the rumour is beyond belief（=cant be believe）d法掌握）,beyond our hope 我精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載3. “above名+ 詞”結(jié)構(gòu)、 表示“品質(zhì).行為.才能等 超過.高于”；例 his honest character is above all praise =his honest character cannot be praised enough4“for+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu),表示“適于. 為著”；如： for sale出售、 for rent（出租）等；例 that house is for sale. = t

18、hat house is to be sold.5“in+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu) ,表示“在過程中或范疇內(nèi) ”常見的有： in print （在印刷中）,in sight 在視野范疇內(nèi) ,等；例 the book is not yet in print=is not yet printed6“on+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)、表示“在從事 中”；常見的有： on sale出售,on show（展出） 、 on trial（受審）；例 today some treasures are on show in the museum = are being showed.7“out of+名詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu) ； 表示 “超出之外 “,

19、常見的有： out of control 掌握不了 ,out of sight（超出視線之外） ,out of one s rea夠c不h著 、 out of fashion 不流行 等；例 the plane was out of control cant be contro；lled 8“within+名詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu), “在內(nèi).不超過”；例 he took two days off within the teacher's permission六.被動語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)分精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載當(dāng)“be過+去分詞 ”作被動語態(tài)時表示主語承擔(dān)的動作；作系表結(jié)構(gòu)時表

20、示主語的特點或所處的精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載狀態(tài)時, be 后面的過去分詞為表語,相當(dāng)于形容詞；其區(qū)分方法如下：1假如強(qiáng)調(diào)動作或句中有介詞by 引導(dǎo)出動作的執(zhí)行者, 該句一般為被動語態(tài), 否就為系表結(jié)構(gòu)；例 the glass is broken （系表結(jié)構(gòu)）精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載the glass was broken by the boy（被動語態(tài)）精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載2假如句中有地點.頻率或時間狀語時,一般為被動語態(tài)；例 the door is locked （系表結(jié)構(gòu)）the door hasalready/jus

21、t been locked（被動語態(tài)） 3被動語態(tài)除用于一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài)外,仍可以用于其他各種時態(tài),而系表結(jié)構(gòu)中的系動詞 be 只有一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài)；例 the machine is being repaired七.被動語態(tài)與高考試題賞析1 高考對謂語動詞語態(tài)的考查例析1. in some parts of the world、 tea with milk and sugar. nmet1993a. is serving b. is served c. serves d. served解析 b由于 serve 為及物動詞,其動作承擔(dān)者tea 作主語,表示常常發(fā)生的情形,故用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動

22、語態(tài)；精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載2.thisistedsphone.wemisshimalot.he earthquake.nmet2002a. killed b. is killedc. was killed d. was killingtryingtosaveachildinthe精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載解析 c ted 為 kill 的承擔(dān)者,用被動語態(tài),且ted 救人發(fā)生在過去,所以用一般過去時的被動精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載語態(tài)；3). - have you moved into the new house.- not y

23、et、 the rooms . nmet1991 a. are being painted b. are paintingc. are painted d. are being painting解析 a “house和”“paint應(yīng)”該為被動的關(guān)系, 排除 b,d；后者未搬進(jìn)新居的緣由為房子正在油漆,所以要用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)；不能用一般現(xiàn)在時表示習(xí)慣性動作,排除c；4). when and where to go for the on-salary holiday yet.（上海春 2003）a. are not decided b. have not been decidedc. is

24、 not being decided d. has not been decided解析 d decide 為及物動詞, 動作的發(fā)出者通常為人, 句中的主語為動作的承擔(dān)者,所以 decide要用被動語態(tài)；從題干的語境和關(guān)鍵詞yet,可判定用現(xiàn)在完成時,不定式做主語用單數(shù),故用現(xiàn) 在完成時的被動語態(tài)；5). the manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four-fifths of the tickets （_.上海春 2001）a. was booked b. had been bookedc. were booked d

25、. have been booked解析 b句中 tickets 為 book訂票的承擔(dān)者,主謂為被動關(guān)系,又因票已被訂出應(yīng)發(fā)生在entered the office 這個過去動作之前,所以要用過去完成時的被動語態(tài)；2高考對非謂語動詞語態(tài)的考查當(dāng)非謂語動詞的規(guī)律主語為動作的承擔(dān)者時、 須用被動式；弄清非謂語動詞與其規(guī)律主語之間的執(zhí)行與承擔(dān)關(guān)系為把握非謂語動詞語態(tài)的關(guān)鍵；1). having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple、 but it remains whether they will enjoy it. nmet2002

26、a. to see b. to be seenc. seeing d. seen解析 b依據(jù)題意,那對老夫婦為否到國外旅行為將來的動作,應(yīng)使用不定式,故排除掉c.d 兩項；又因 remains 的規(guī)律主語 it 為動詞 see 說表示動作的承擔(dān)者,即“到國外旅行 ”這件事,這件事有待于 “被打算”,應(yīng)使用動詞不定式的被動形式；2). while shopping、 people sometimes cant help into buying something they dont re（上海 1996）a. to persuaded b. persuadingc. being persuade

27、d d. be persuaded解析 c cant help doing禁不“住做某事 ”,排除 a 和 d；顧客應(yīng)為 “被勸告 ”購物的,要用動名詞的被動語態(tài)；3）. i feel it is your husband who for the spoiled child. （上海 2002）a. is to blame b. is going to blamec. is to be blamed d. should blame解析 a feel 的賓語從句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型,在be to do 結(jié)構(gòu)中,在某些場合可用不定式的主動語態(tài)表示被動語態(tài),如to blame, to let 等；【強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練】

28、1. if city noises from increasing,people shout to be heard even at dinner a are not kept；will have tob are not kept；havec do not keep；will have to d do not keep；have to2. the fifth generation computers、 with artificial intelligence、 are and perfected now.a. developedb. have developed精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - -

29、 - 歡迎下載c. are being developedd. will have been developed3. - the sports meet might be put off- yes,it all depends on the weather a i've been told b i've told c i'm told d i told4. i need one more stamp before my collection .a. has completed b. completesc. has been completed d. is complet

30、ed5. rainforests and burned at such a speed that they willdisappearfrom the earth in the near future.a. cut b. are cutc. are being cut d. had been cut6. the new suspension bridge by the end of last month.a. has been designedb. had been designedc. was designedd. would be designed7. when a pencil is p

31、artly in a glass of water、 it looks as if it .a. breaks b. has brokenc. was broken d. had been broken8. great changes in the city、 and a lot of factories .a. have been taken place; have been set upb. have taken place; have been set upc. have taken place; have set upd. were taken place; were set up9.

32、 that suit over 60 dollars.a. had costed b. costed c. is costed d. cost10. - look. everything here is under construction.- whats the pretty small house that for.a. is being built b. has been builtc. is built d. is building11.- do you like the material.- yes、 it very soft.a. is feeling b. feltc. feel

33、s d. is felt12. it is difficult for a foreigner chinese a write b to writec to be written d written13. i have no more letters ,thank you a to type b typingc to be typed d typed14. take care.dont drop the ink on your shirt、 for it easily.a. won t wash out b. wont be washed outc. isnt washed out d. is

34、nt washing out15. nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to .a. be put up b. give inc. be turned on d. go out精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載16. the computers on the table professor smith.a. belongs b. are belonged toc. belongs to d. belong to17. - what do you think of the b

35、ook.-oh、 excellent. its worth a second time.a. to read b. to be read c. reading d. being read18. the squirrel was lucky that it just missed . a. catching b. to be caughtc. being caught d. to catch19. this page needed again.a. being checked b. checkedc. to check d. to be checked20. many times、 ht e b

36、oy still didnt know how to do the exercisesa. having taught b. having been taughtc. taught d. teaching被動語態(tài)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)挑選題1.our house 、a . is getting paintb . is getting paintedc . is got paintedd . has got to paint 2.he arrived in beijing、where he his friend .a . was met byb . was metc . was meetingd . met

37、by 3.the war in 1937a . was broken outb . had been broken outc . has broken outd . broke out4.the mistakes in the exercises will the teacher.a . crossb . be crossingc . be crossed byd . cross by 5.my brother and i have her birthday party.a . been invitedb . been invited forc . invited tod . been inv

38、ited to 6.it this waya . is had to dob . is had to be donec . had to be doned . has to do 7.it this way.a used to dob . used to be donec . is used to dod . is used to doing 8. chaplin.a . the child's name was calledb . the child's name callsc . the child callsd . the child is named 9.the spo

39、rts meeting .a . is put offb . is to put offc . is to be put offd . puts off 10.mary realized she a . was making fun ofb . was made func . was being made fun ofd . was being made fun 11. to say a thing in that waya . it is considers wrongb . it is considered wrongc . it is considered it's wrongd

40、 . it is consiedring wrong 12.he ordered that the books at once.a . would be printedb . would printc . be printedd . print13.the story in china .a . was taken placeb . was happenedc . took placed . has been taken place 14.the house my parents精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載a . is belong tob . belong toc . be

41、longs tod . is belonged to 15.he by his teacher.a . happened to see b . was happened to see c . happened to be seen d . was happened to be seen 16.great changes in our province.many tall buildings.a . have been taken place、 have been set upb . have taken place、 have been set upc . have been taken pl

42、ace、 have been set up d . were taken place、 were set up17. the hall's but it's not yet with lamps.a . furnished、 finishedb . been finished、 been furnished c . being finished、 being furnishedd . set up、 full18. the new hall is the tallest building in this town. from here. a . can it seeb . ca

43、n it be seenc . can it seend . can see19. as soon as we got to the airport、we found that the plane .a . had already taken offb . already took offc . was already taking offd . was already taken off20. some of the hotels in my hometown .a . have now been rebuildingb . are now rebuilding c . are now be

44、ing rebuiltd . are rebuilt now21. if city noises from increasing,people shout to be heard even at dinnera . are not kept；will have tob . are not kept；havec . do not keep；will have tod . do not keep；have to22. the fifth generation computers、 with artificial intelligence、 are and perfected now.a . dev

45、elopedb . have developed c . are being developedd . will have been developed23. - the sports meet might be put off- yes,it all depends on the weathera . i've been toldb . i've toldc . i'm toldd . i told24. i need one more stamp before my collection .a . has completedb . completesc . has

46、been completed d . is completed25. rainforests and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.a . cutb . are cutc . are being cutd . had been cut26. the new suspension bridge by the end of last month. a . has been designed b . had been designedc . was designedd

47、 . would be designed27. when a pencil is partly in a glass of water、 it looks as if it .a . breaksb . has brokenc . was brokend . had been broken28. great changes in the city、 and a lot of factories .a . have been taken place; have been set up b . have taken place; have been set up c . have taken pl

48、ace; have set up d . were taken place; were set up29. that suit over 60 dollars.a . had costedb . costedc . is costedd . cost30. - look. everything here is under construction.- what's the pretty small house that for. a . is being builtb . has been builtc . is builtd . is building31.- do you like

49、 the material.- yes、 it very soft.a . is feelingb . feltc . feelsd . is felt32. it is difficult for a foreigner chinesea . writeb . to writec . to be writtend . written33. i have no more letters , thank you精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載a . to typeb . typingc . to be typedd . typed34. take care. don't d

50、rop the ink on your shirt、 for it easily. a . won't wash outb . won't be washed outc . isn't washed outd . isn't washing out35. nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to . a . be put upb . give inc . be turned ond . go out36. the computers on the tab

51、le professor smith.a . belongsb . are belonged toc . belongs tod . belong to37. - what do you think of the book.-oh、 excellent. it's worth a second time. a . to readb . to be readc . readingd . being read38. the squirrel was lucky that it just missed .a . catchingb . to be caughtc . being caught

52、d . to catch39. this page needed again.a . being checkedb . checkedc . to checkd . to be checked40. many times、 the boy still didn't know how to do the exercisesa . having taughtb . having been taughtc . taughtd . teaching精品學(xué)習(xí)資料精選學(xué)習(xí)資料 - - - 歡迎下載被動語態(tài)專項練習(xí)一.挑選題1. a new library in our school last ye

53、ar.a. is; builtb. was; builtc. does; buildd. did ; build 2. an accident on this road last week.a. has been happened b. was happenedc. is happenedd. happened 3.cotton（棉花） in the southeast of china.a. is grownb. are grownc. growsd. grow 4.so far、 the moon by man already.a. is visitedb. will be visited

54、c. has been visitedd. was visited 5.a talk on chinese history in the school hall next week.a. is givenb. has been givenc. will be givend. gives 6.how many trees this year.a. are plantedb. will plantc. have been plantedd. planted 7.a lot of things by people to save the little girl now.a. are doingb.

55、are being donec. has been doned. will be done 8.-when this kind of computers . -last year.a. did; useb. was; usedc. is; usedd. are; used 9.the great wall all over the world.a. knowsb. knewc. is knownd. was known 10.who this book .a. did; writtenb. was; written byc. did; writtend. was; written 11.a story by granny yesterday.a. was told usb. was told to usc. is told usd. told us 12.the monkey was seen off the t