英語常見時態(tài)詳解

1、一般現(xiàn)在時主要用于下面幾情況：1) 描述當前時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。在這種情景中，句子常帶有表示頻率的時間狀語：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc 。) , sometimes , seldom , usually等等，以表示句中的動作或狀態(tài)是習慣性的、經(jīng)常性的。例如：they raise ducks as a sideline 。他們以養(yǎng)鴨為副業(yè)。she doesnt often write to her family, only once a month. 她不常給家里寫信，僅一月一封而

2、已。i cycle to work every day 。我每天騎自行車上班。it seldom rains here 。這兒很少下雨。2)僅為了描述狀態(tài)、性質(zhì)、特征、能力等等。這里的目的是為了 描述現(xiàn)階段的動作或狀態(tài) ，其重點 不是強調(diào)動作發(fā)生的時間、或進行的狀態(tài) 。例如：he can speak five foreign languages 。他能說五種外語。that is a beautiful city 。那是座美麗的城市。changjiang river is one of the longest rivers in the world. 長江是世界上最長的河流之一。she majo

3、rs in music 。她主修音樂。all my family love football 。我全家人都喜歡足球。my sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹總是樂于助人。3) 陳述客觀事實、客觀真理。顧名思義，客觀的情況是 沒有時間概念 的；也不會在意動作進行的狀態(tài) 。例如：the sun rises in the east 。日出東方。the earth goes around the sun 。地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。ten minus two is eight。十減二等于八。light travels faster than sound 。光的

4、速度比聲音的速度快。the united states lies by the west coast of the pacific ocean. 美國位于太平洋西岸。4) 根據(jù)英文語法規(guī)定，當主句的謂語動詞是一般將來時，那么時間或條件狀語從句的謂語動詞只能用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示將來要發(fā)生的動作。例如：ill tell him the news when he comes back. 他回來時，我將告訴他這個消息。if you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details。如果你接受這份工作，他們將和你談?wù)劶毠?jié)。用于一般現(xiàn)在時的副

5、詞， 除了上面提到的一些表示頻率的以外， 常見的還有：now, today , nowadays等等。一般將來時概念：一般將來時表示將來某個時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，也表示將來經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作。一、常見的將來時間狀語：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, this afternoon, this year, before long, in the future, some day( 將來的某一天 )， next year, next sunday, soon, in ten days(十天后 ) 等二、一般將來時結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+ will (shall) + 動詞原

6、形。動詞一般將來時，表示將要發(fā)生事(所有人稱都可以用will ，shall 只用于 i, we 后面) 如：肯定式： they will finish the work next week. 否定式：they wont finish the work next week. 疑問式：will they finish the work next week? yes, they will. / no, they wont. (注意：不能用 yes, theyll.) 特殊疑問句： how many books will you give us? ill give you thirty books.

7、2. 主語+ be (am, is, are) going to + 動詞原形。be going to, 表打算，準備計劃將來干 ;表可能，有必然，通過現(xiàn)象來判斷。如：im going to see a film this evening. 今晚上我打算去看電影。its going to rain. 天要下雨了。we aren t going to have any lessons next week. 我們下周不上課。3. will/ shall 和 be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別(1) 對于事先經(jīng)過考慮的打算、計劃，應(yīng)使用be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)。why are you takin

8、g down all the pictures? i am going to repaint the wall. (2) 對于事先未經(jīng)過考慮的打算、計劃，而是臨時起意，則用will 結(jié)構(gòu)。常見于會話時，乙聽了甲的話做出的反應(yīng)。where is the telephone book? i ll go and get it for you . (3) 表示即將發(fā)生某事時，兩者區(qū)別不大，多可互換。what is going to happen? -what will happen? be going to 一般指較近的將來， will 則表示較遠的將來。(4) 正式的通知等多用will. 4. 其他

9、一般將來時表達結(jié)構(gòu)：(1) 少數(shù)幾個動詞如go, come, start, arrive等，當表示根據(jù)規(guī)定時間要發(fā)生的動作時，要用一般現(xiàn)在時來表示。my train leaves at 6:30. 我乘的火車將在 6：30 開。另外，時間、條件狀語從句中，“主將從現(xiàn)”ill let you know as soon as i hear from him. hell go fishing if it is fine tomorrow. (2) 現(xiàn)在進行時表將來。 go, come, leave, arrive, start, stay, return 等表示動作的動詞，可以用現(xiàn)在進行時表將來。i

10、m going to the park with my parents on vacation. (3) be about to + 動詞原形 , 表示即將發(fā)生的動作。the concert is about to begin. 音樂會即將開始。(4) be +動詞不定式，表示安排或計劃好的動作。there is to be a sports meeting next week. 語法練習：i. 用適當形式填空1. it _ be wednesday tomorrow. 2. betty _ write to her grandma next week. 3. _ you please giv

11、e him this letter? 4. i _ never do that again. 5. she has bought some cloth; she _ make herself a dress. 6. -oh, what a heavy box! i can t lift it. -what! i _ carry it for you. 7.in china, wherever you _(go), you_(see) friendly people. 8. lao zhao has saved some money and he _ (buy) a tv set. 9. the

12、 express from beijing to shanghai _ at 8:45. ii. 單選1 we _go home until we finish the work. a dont b wont c will 2 tom _ six years old next month. a will be b will is c is going to 3 look at the clouds? it _ rain. a is going b will be c is going to 4 we _ go home until we finish the work. a dont b wo

13、nt c will 5 we must take the sick man to hospital. he _. a is dying b is going to die c will die 6 could you tell me _ the meeting. a when shall we have b when we would have c when to have 7 ill talk to him when he_. a come b will come c comes d came 8 i dont know if it_ tomorrow. a rains b will rai

14、n c is rain d is raining 9 there _ a school three years ago. a were b use to have c used to be d will be 一般過去時主要是用來描述在過去某個時候發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。它也可以用來表示在過去某段時間里經(jīng)常發(fā)生的習慣性動作。這一點在表達意義上與一般現(xiàn)在時相同，只是所在的時間區(qū)域不同而已。由于它的主要作用如此， 所以在使用一般過去時的句子里常常有一個意義較具體的過去時間狀語。這也是它與現(xiàn)在完成時的 最大區(qū)別之一。一般過去時由謂語動詞的過去式表示，也就是說動詞詞末要加-ed(除不規(guī)則動詞外 )。常和一般過去時連用的過去時間狀語有：last night (week , month , year , century , etc。) , yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning ( afternoon , evening ) , in 1999 , two hours ago ( one week ago , tree years ago