人教版英語(yǔ)選修八第一單元語(yǔ)法課件：名詞性從句

1、貴州遵義正安縣建國(guó)高中 劉徉每v there is a young man, lord ye. what he is interested in is dragons . the news he draws many dragons in his house spreads quickly. and the house becomes a world of dragon.v a real dragon hears of lord ye, and is deeply moved. so he comes to visit mr. ye and wants to tell him that he

2、will make friends with mr. ye.v “hello, mr. ye. nice to meet you!” said the dragon. but mr. ye runs away as fast as he can. “oh, my god! help! help!” he runs and shouts.”主語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句名詞性從句名詞性從句名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和句的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。同位語(yǔ)。因此，名詞性從句可分因此，名詞性從句可分1.1.主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句 2.2.表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從

3、句 3.3.賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句4.4.同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句回顧回顧 1（subject clause）（object clause）（predicative clause）（appositive clause）1.主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句1. 1. 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句+ +謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)that she will tell us the truth in the meeting makes us happy.2.it is+2.it is+形容詞（名詞詞組、過(guò)去分詞）形容詞（名詞詞組、過(guò)去分詞）+that+that從句從句it is important that we should work hard.it i

4、s a good way that he practises speaking english every day to learn it well .it is said that our school will hold a sports meeting3. it +seem (happen，appear等不及物動(dòng)詞)+that從句it seems that it rained yesterday .一般有三種結(jié)構(gòu)：一般有三種結(jié)構(gòu)：賓語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)賓語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)主句主句 + + 連接詞連接詞( (引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞) + ) + 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句 在句子中起賓語(yǔ)作用的句子叫賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句在句子

5、中起賓語(yǔ)作用的句子叫賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句放在放在及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞或或介詞介詞之后作賓語(yǔ)。之后作賓語(yǔ)。i dont know why you are always late for school.we all agree with what you said at the meeting.2.賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句 表語(yǔ)從句位于連系動(dòng)詞后表語(yǔ)從句位于連系動(dòng)詞后, ,有時(shí)用有時(shí)用as ifas if引引導(dǎo)。導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為: :主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) + + 系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞 + that+ that從句。從句。1. 1. be, look, remain, 等系等系動(dòng)詞后均可跟表語(yǔ)從句：動(dòng)詞后均可跟表語(yǔ)從句：

6、my suggestion is that we should go right now.2. 2. as if 也可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。也可引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。 it looks as if its going to rain. 3.the reason why is that 和和it is because 等結(jié)構(gòu)等結(jié)構(gòu)。it was because i broke my pen.3.表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句在句中作同位語(yǔ)，它一般要放在主同位語(yǔ)從句在句中作同位語(yǔ)，它一般要放在主句中某些句中某些名詞名詞的后面，說(shuō)明這些的后面，說(shuō)明這些名詞的含義名詞的含義?？筛？筛徽Z(yǔ)從句的名詞主要有：同位語(yǔ)從句

7、的名詞主要有：fact, news, promise, reason, idea, hope, word, belief等。等。如：如：beijing ,the capital of china, is my hometown.we heard the news that our team had won. we were happy to hear the news that was told by our teacher.定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句4.同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ) _ is true.賓語(yǔ) i believe _. 表語(yǔ) that is _.同位語(yǔ) （對(duì)前面名詞內(nèi)容進(jìn)

8、行解釋）i accepted _ _.what he talked aboutthe newshis storywhat he told mewhat he asked mehis question. that all of us should attend the meeting tomorrowhis opinion從句從句從句從句名名詞詞性性從從句句重溫名詞性從句三部曲回顧回顧 2名詞性從句的連接詞：名詞性從句的連接詞：1) 連詞：連詞：that, whether, if2) 連接代詞：連接代詞：what, who, which, whose, whatever, whoever, wh

9、omever, whichever3) 連接副詞：連接副詞：where, when, why, how, wherever, whenever 看看從句從句中缺少什么成分，根據(jù)意思選擇適當(dāng)中缺少什么成分，根據(jù)意思選擇適當(dāng)連接詞語(yǔ)；如不缺成分且句意完整，則選用連接詞語(yǔ)；如不缺成分且句意完整，則選用that.一找二查三選：從句從句：缺少什么成分缺少什么成分：意思適合的連接詞意思適合的連接詞連詞選擇總原則：連詞選擇總原則：不不缺成分，只陳述缺成分，只陳述that從句缺從句缺 sth.what從句缺從句缺sb (從句缺賓語(yǔ)從句缺賓語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)sb.)who; （whom）從句表示質(zhì)疑，是否從句表示質(zhì)疑

10、，是否whether if（賓語(yǔ)從句）（賓語(yǔ)從句）其他情況其他情況與一般疑問(wèn)句的提問(wèn)與一般疑問(wèn)句的提問(wèn)詞一樣詞一樣連接代詞/副詞其他：與其他：與一般疑問(wèn)句一般疑問(wèn)句的的提問(wèn)詞提問(wèn)詞一樣一樣v誰(shuí)的誰(shuí)的v哪一個(gè)哪一個(gè)v怎么樣怎么樣v為什么為什么v在在/去什么地方去什么地方v在什么時(shí)侯在什么時(shí)侯v感嘆感嘆“多么多么!” v因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)関whosevwhichvhowvwhyvwherevwhenvwhat/that (同感嘆句一樣）同感嘆句一樣）vbecause名詞性從句在句中要用名詞性從句在句中要用_語(yǔ)序語(yǔ)序, ,從句從句的引導(dǎo)詞必須始終置于的引導(dǎo)詞必須始終置于_ 1.no one can be su

11、re _ in the future.a.what will our lives look likeb. what our lives will look likec. our lives will look like what d. what look will lives like陳述陳述總結(jié)總結(jié)歸納歸納：句首句首2. our physics teacher once told us that light _ （ travel ） faster than s總結(jié)總結(jié)歸納：歸納：3) )主句的動(dòng)詞用主句的動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)可根據(jù)需要選用從句謂語(yǔ)可根據(jù)

12、需要選用各種各種時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)1. tom said that he will go to the hospital.3. he says that tom_ (come) to china last year and _ (be) here for nearly 5 months. 1 1）主句的動(dòng)詞用）主句的動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去過(guò)去時(shí)，時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)的某種時(shí)態(tài)2 2）主句的動(dòng)詞用主句的動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去過(guò)去時(shí)，時(shí)，從句表示從句表示客觀事實(shí)，格言，諺語(yǔ)客觀事實(shí)，格言，諺語(yǔ)等等 ，從句謂從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)camehas beenwould何時(shí)開(kāi)會(huì)還沒(méi)有決定。

13、何時(shí)開(kāi)會(huì)還沒(méi)有決定。 when the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .他們何時(shí)出發(fā)和他們?nèi)ツ睦镞€沒(méi)有決定。他們何時(shí)出發(fā)和他們?nèi)ツ睦镞€沒(méi)有決定。單個(gè)的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單個(gè)的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般一般用用_形式。如果是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ)形式。如果是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用從句作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用_形式。由形式。由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞用_形式。形式。 總結(jié)歸總結(jié)歸納：納：?jiǎn)螖?shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)haswhen they will st

14、art and where they will go_(have)still unknown.何時(shí)何地開(kāi)會(huì)還沒(méi)有決定。何時(shí)何地開(kāi)會(huì)還沒(méi)有決定。when and where the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .havehas單數(shù)單數(shù)基本句型基本句型：it is +形容詞、名詞、過(guò)去分詞形容詞、名詞、過(guò)去分詞+ that . + (should) do a. it is important (necessary, natural, strange, advisable明智的etc)+that b. it is a pity(

15、a shame, no wonder etc)+that c. it is suggested (ordered, proposed建議, required, demanded, requested, insisted etc)+that1. it is important that he _ good care of himself. a. takesb. has to take c. must take d. take2. it is strange that he _ you the truth. a. would tell b. should tell c. had told d. h

16、as told總結(jié)總結(jié)歸納：歸納：boss suggested that the meeting _a.should put off b.be put off c. was put off d.putting off總結(jié)總結(jié)歸納：歸納：表示表示建議、要求、命令建議、要求、命令, ,堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持等等動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order后的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)后的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用詞用 _注意注意suggest 當(dāng)表示當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明暗示、表明“講時(shí)，講時(shí)，insist 表表示示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”之意時(shí)，之意

17、時(shí)，從句按需要來(lái)選擇時(shí)態(tài)從句按需要來(lái)選擇時(shí)態(tài)(should) + do/be donethe smile on his face suggested that he _(was/be/is)satisfied with my composition.wasa. i wish i _(be) a bird now. b. i wish i _(meet) my old friend in time yesterday.c. i wish i _ (fly) to the moon in a few years. 1.對(duì)對(duì)現(xiàn)在虛擬時(shí)現(xiàn)在虛擬時(shí)，that從句中謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去時(shí)從句中謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去時(shí)2.對(duì)過(guò)去

18、虛擬時(shí)，從句中用對(duì)過(guò)去虛擬時(shí)，從句中用had過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞3.對(duì)將來(lái)虛擬時(shí)，從句中用對(duì)將來(lái)虛擬時(shí)，從句中用would (might等等)動(dòng)動(dòng)詞原形詞原形werehad metwould fly總結(jié)總結(jié)歸納：歸納： 在在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即擬語(yǔ)氣，即_1.his suggestion that you _ once more sounds good. a. try b. tries c. must try d. can try2

19、. the order given by the leader was that they _ until the leader allowed they to. a. stopped b. didnt stop c. stop d. not stop總結(jié)總結(jié)歸納：歸納：(should) + do/be done1. i think that worthwhile that you spent so much money on these books.2. that is hard to say when and where i will find my job.3. (09天津）天津）it

20、is obvious to the students whether they should get well prepared for their future. 4. it doesnt matter that you will come or not.ititthatwhether找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤總結(jié)歸總結(jié)歸納：納：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句較長(zhǎng)，而謂語(yǔ)較短時(shí)，常常將從當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句較長(zhǎng)，而謂語(yǔ)較短時(shí)，常常將從句句_，而用，而用it作為形式主語(yǔ)置于句首。作為形式主語(yǔ)置于句首。it 也可作形式賓語(yǔ)也可作形式賓語(yǔ)。 后置后置 it 作主語(yǔ)的常用句型有作主語(yǔ)的常用句型有:1. it + b

21、e +形容詞形容詞 + that 從句從句2. it + be +名稱詞組名稱詞組(duty/pity.) + that 從句從句3. it + be + 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞(said/thought.) + that 從句從句4. it +不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞(seem/happen.) + that 從句從句a. it + be +形容詞形容詞+ that-從句從句it is necessary that 有必要有必要it is important that 重要的是重要的是it is obvious that 很明顯很明顯b. it + be + -ed 分詞分詞+ that-從句從句it

22、 is believed that人們相信人們相信it is known to all that從所周知從所周知it has been decided that 已決定已決定 c. it + be +名詞名詞+ that-從句從句it is common knowledge that 是常識(shí)是常識(shí)it is a surprise that 令人驚奇的是令人驚奇的是it is a fact that 事實(shí)是事實(shí)是d. it +不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞+ that-從句從句it appears that似乎似乎it happens that碰巧碰巧it occurred to me that 我突然想

23、起我突然想起 注意：注意： 用用 it 作形式主語(yǔ)的作形式主語(yǔ)的that- 從句有以下幾組：從句有以下幾組：1. _ is known to us all that the 2008 olympic games will take place in beijing. (福建福建 2008) a. it b. what c. as d. which2. he didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.（07年天津卷）年天津卷） a. this b. that c. it d. these exercises_ is k

24、nown to us all, the 2008 olympic games will take place in beijing.what 表什么（無(wú)選擇范圍）表什么（無(wú)選擇范圍）which表選擇表選擇, 哪一個(gè)（哪一個(gè)（有選擇范圍有選擇范圍） 1. -do you know_his address is ? -she may take no. 3 or no. 4 bus. im not sure of _. 2. i read about it in some book or other, does it matter _ it was? （01北京春季）北京春季）whatwhich總結(jié)

25、歸總結(jié)歸納：納：no. 3 or no. 4some book or otherwhich考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)6 連接詞連接詞總結(jié)歸總結(jié)歸納：納：_等同類詞等同類詞既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，而而 _等等只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。whateverno matter what_ you go and _you do, ill be right here waiting for you.whereverwhateverno matter whereno matter what最后離開(kāi)教室的人，無(wú)論是誰(shuí)都應(yīng)最后離開(kāi)教室的人，無(wú)論是

26、誰(shuí)都應(yīng)該把燈關(guān)掉。該把燈關(guān)掉。_ought to turn off the light.他所有的任何東西都在大地震中毀了。他所有的任何東西都在大地震中毀了。_was destroyed in the big earthquake.whoever leaves the classroom lastwhatever he hadb) whatever /whoever/無(wú)論無(wú)論,不管不管however/whomever/whichever/ that he wants to go there is obvious.i am sure that he will come tomorrow.the n

27、ews that our team won the match inspired us.the result is that we won the game. 成分成分有無(wú)詞義有無(wú)詞義備注備注that無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)賓語(yǔ)從句中賓語(yǔ)從句中可省可省，其余，其余不可省不可省主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)， 表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)有有( )what1._(what/that /whether) was most important to her, she told me, was her family. （ 08山東卷）山東卷）2._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.a.what;

28、what b. what; that c. that; that d. that; what3._we hope was more than 30% of the students had been admitted to key universities. awhatwhetherbwhatthat cthatwhatdthatbecausewhat與與 that 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別缺少成分缺少成分即主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)時(shí)用即主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)時(shí)用what考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)連接詞連接詞c).that/whatwhat 區(qū)別區(qū)別if 與與whether v1. i dont know _ ill finish th

29、e job in two hours.v2. i dont know _ or not ill be free tomorrow.v3. the question is _ this book is worth writing.whether / ifwhetherwhether.v5. it depends on _ we will have enough money.v6. _ they can do it matters little to us.v7. _ you are not free tomorrow, ill go without you.whetherwhetherif .請(qǐng)

30、你歸納請(qǐng)你歸納a. a. 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句b. b. 表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句c. c. 同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句e. e. 介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句f. f. 直接加動(dòng)詞不定式只能用直接加動(dòng)詞不定式只能用whether （to do）g g whether or not 直接連用時(shí)不用直接連用時(shí)不用if只能使用只能使用whether 的情況：的情況：歸納歸納考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別同位語(yǔ)從句前的名詞是一個(gè)具有抽象意味的名詞。從句同位語(yǔ)從句前的名詞是一個(gè)具有抽象意味的名詞。從句就是其內(nèi)容。就是其內(nèi)容。that在從句中在從句中_成分。而定語(yǔ)從句成分。而定語(yǔ)從句就是

31、對(duì)前先行詞進(jìn)行修飾限定，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)代替先行詞在就是對(duì)前先行詞進(jìn)行修飾限定，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)代替先行詞在從句中從句中_句子成分。句子成分。1. （09江西）江西）the fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.a. what b. which c. that d. though2. the suggestion _he raised at the meeting is very good. a. which b. that c. what d. /3. the sugges

32、tion _ the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good. a. which b. that c. what d. /總結(jié)：總結(jié)：不充當(dāng)不充當(dāng)充當(dāng)充當(dāng)做題順序：做題順序：“二看二看”一看一看_是否完整；二看是否完整；二看_確定答案。確定答案。從句從句句意句意： that,what ,which , whether, if, who, whom,whose, whatever ,whichever,whoever ,whomever,whoseverwhen, where, why, how 重點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)插入語(yǔ)插入語(yǔ)1. si

33、nce you have seen both fighters, _ will win? a. do you think who b. who you think c. whoever d. who do you think2. id like to know _ to her. a. what do you think has happened b. do you think what has happened c. what you think has happened d. you think what has happenedlets relax for a while !vdo yo

34、u ever feel like a plastic bag, drifting through the wind wanting to start again? do you ever feel, feel so paper thin like a house of cards, one blow from caving in? do you ever feel already buried deep? 6 feet under screams but no one seems to hear a thing do you know that theres still a chance fo

35、r you cause theres a spark in you enjoy the music !vyou just gotta ignite, the light, and let it shine 它就會(huì)發(fā)出 的光芒 just own the night like the 4th of july 把自己的夜晚當(dāng)做七月四日 cause baby youre a firework 我的朋友 別忘了 come on, show em what youre worth 來(lái)吧，讓他們 make em go “oh, oh, oh” 來(lái)吧 現(xiàn)在就點(diǎn)燃自己 噢，噢，噢 as you shoot ac

36、ross the sky-y-y 站在地上仰望的人們會(huì) 空-空-空 baby, youre a firework 朋友 你就是那創(chuàng)造美麗的煙火 come on, let your colors burst 來(lái)吧 給他們看看你醞藏已久的色彩 make em go “oh, oh, oh” 來(lái)吧 現(xiàn)在 噢，噢，噢 youre gonna leave em falling down-own-own enjoy the music !全世界最耀眼你是一支煙火瞧瞧你的價(jià)值點(diǎn)燃自己對(duì)你刮目相看 為你歡呼現(xiàn)在就點(diǎn)燃自己vyou just gotta ignite, the light, and let it

37、 shine 它就會(huì)發(fā)出 的光芒 just own the night like the 4th of july 把自己的夜晚當(dāng)做七月四日 cause baby youre a firework 我的朋友 別忘了 come on, show em what youre worth 來(lái)吧，讓他們 make em go “oh, oh, oh” 來(lái)吧 現(xiàn)在就點(diǎn)燃自己 噢，噢，噢 as you shoot across the sky-y-y 站在地上仰望的人們會(huì) 空-空-空 baby, youre a firework 朋友 你就是那創(chuàng)造美麗的煙火 come on, let your colors burst 來(lái)吧 給他們看看你醞藏已久的色彩 make em go “oh, oh, oh” 來(lái)吧 現(xiàn)在 噢，噢，噢 youre gonna leave em falling down-own-own enjoy the music !全世界最耀眼你是一支煙火瞧瞧你的價(jià)值點(diǎn)燃自己對(duì)你刮目相看 為你歡呼現(xiàn)在就點(diǎn)燃自己lets have a quiz!1._ the