【人教版】必修二：Unit3-Computers-using-language課件

1、 Important Vocabulary calculate, calculator, PC, notebook, common, analytical, simple, simple-minded, technology, technological, revolution, universal, mathematical, artificial intelligence, anyway, totally, network, truly, race, birth, IT, advantage, disadvantage, type, disagree, choice, material,

2、personally, create, coach, move, arise, brain, mop, wander in common, in ones opinion, go by, sothat, deal with, human race, in a way, make up, after all, with the help of, watch overListen to a conversation about different kinds of information technology or IT. Pay attention to the advantages and d

3、isadvantages of each one. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages.Try to use the following expressions in your discussion.The advantage/disadvantage is I dont like this one because What is your reason? In my opinion I believe that Ive decided I think this one is better because Lets make our decisio

4、n. LM: What are you doing Dave?D: Im reading about information technology.LM: You mean things like computers? In my opinion theyre so boring to read about. Theyre only good to use.D: But theyre just one kind of IT.LM: Really? So what else is part of IT?Listening textLi Ming=LM Dave=DD: Weve had IT f

5、or a long time. Books, radios and TVs are also kinds of IT.LM: Oh. I never thought of that before. Books are a wonderful way for us to get information.D: Yeah, I believe that too. They are cheap and easy to take with you but sometimes the information is out of date.LM: I agree. The world is changing

6、 so fast. But in my opinion listening to sports on the radio is better than anything else. Sometimes I also listen to English programmes on the radio. But they speak so fast and sometimes its difficult to understand everything.D: Yes. I also listen to English on the radio but its easier to follow on

7、 TV because you can also see what is going on. Sometimes it is more interesting to watch sports on TV than just listen to them on the radio.LM: I disagree because you get such a lot of information on the technical aspects of a game on the radio. You dont get that on TV. But I still think that the co

8、mputer is the best kind of IT. You can watch a film on it, write to friends, get information, and find out what is going on in the world.D: I know, but it is also the most expensive and it is too big to carry with you everywhere. Also the Internet has nobody to check whether than information you fin

9、d there is correct. So you have to be careful.LM: Well, I suppose all kinds of IT have both disadvantages and advantages.Type of ITAdvantagesDisadvantagesTVWebRadioBookYou can both listen and watch.You can find information.You can listen to English.You can get information.You cannot write to friends

10、.It is very expensive.You cannot watch a film.Sometimes it isout of date.Reading & SpeakingReading 1. What does Andy look like? Andy looks like a human. Think about the following questions.2. What can it do?It is designed to play football games and can move and think like a human.3. What part do

11、es Andy play in the football team? Hes a striker.1. advantages n. 優(yōu)點(diǎn)優(yōu)點(diǎn); 優(yōu)勢(shì)優(yōu)勢(shì); 有利條件有利條件There are several advantages in city life. take advantage of 利用利用be to your advantage 對(duì)對(duì)有利有利 disadvantage n. 缺點(diǎn)缺點(diǎn), 劣勢(shì)劣勢(shì); 不利條件不利條件 Language points2. type 1) n. 類型類型 This is a new type of machine, with lots of meters

12、 on it.2) v. 打字打字Will you please type this letter for me?type:表示各項(xiàng)事物在本類中都是典型的。表示各項(xiàng)事物在本類中都是典型的。kind:特指在分類中能放在一起特指在分類中能放在一起 的性質(zhì)相同相似的一類事物。的性質(zhì)相同相似的一類事物。3. disagree (vi) 常與常與with連用連用(食物食物, 天氣等天氣等) 不適合不適合 Mutton disagrees with me.不同意不同意; 意見(jiàn)不同意見(jiàn)不同I disagree with you about this.不一致不一致; 不符不符His report disagr

13、ees with the fact.4. personally adv. 就自己而言就自己而言; 就我個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)就我個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō) She didnt like the plan, but personally I see nothing wrong with it.person (n)-personal (adj.)-personally (adv.)5. in a/one way 在某種程度上在某種程度上, 從某種意義上說(shuō)從某種意義上說(shuō)In a way, his English has improved.in the way on the/ones way (to) 在去在去的路上的路上by th

14、e way 順便提一下順便提一下 in no way 決不決不all the way 自始自終自始自終;完全地完全地in this way 用這種方法用這種方法與與in a way同義的詞組有同義的詞組有in one way 和和in some ways。 容易與之混淆的詞組是容易與之混淆的詞組是in the way意為意為“造造成阻礙成阻礙”，請(qǐng)比較：，請(qǐng)比較： In a way, I like this new textbook very much Im afraid your bike is in the waySo you made it after all! After all, w

15、hat does it matter? 6. after all 畢竟畢竟; 到底到底; 終究終究 1) 有有“別忘了別忘了”的意思的意思2) 放在句末放在句末, “雖然有前面說(shuō)過(guò)的話雖然有前面說(shuō)過(guò)的話”或或“與預(yù)料中的情況相反與預(yù)料中的情況相反”的意思的意思above all 首先首先; 最重要的是最重要的是at all 根本根本 (用于加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣用于加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣) 用于否定用于否定 句句, 疑問(wèn)句和表示條件的從句疑問(wèn)句和表示條件的從句first of all 首先首先in all 總共總共; 總計(jì)總計(jì)She should have offered to pay shes a millionair

16、e, after all7. with the help of 在在的幫助下的幫助下 With the help of the teacher, I have made rapid progress in my English study. 8. watch over 看守看守; 監(jiān)視監(jiān)視; 照看照看 They were watched over by three policemen.watch out (for) 當(dāng)心當(dāng)心; 注意注意under the close watch 在嚴(yán)密的監(jiān)視下在嚴(yán)密的監(jiān)視下watch for sb./sth. 觀察等待觀察等待keep a watch on 監(jiān)

17、視監(jiān)視Speaking In small groups, discuss how to design your own android. The following questions can help you.1. What would you like it to look like?2. What are some of the things you would like it to do?3. Do you want it to be like a man or a woman, or neither?4. How much would it cost?I think thatIn m

18、y opinionI believe thatWhat s your reason?I had decided thatA: What kind of robot have you decided to make?B: Ive decided that we should have a homework android. It could do all our work after class and leave us more time to do footballSample dialogue:B: In my opinion, it should have four arms to ca

19、rry the books, a large head to remember all the lessons and a printer to write out the answers What do you think?A: OK. But what do you think it should look like?A: Well, that sounds sensible. Perhaps it could also put all the exercises into specially marked boxes for each subject so we could find t

20、hem quickly. What about putting that in its stomach area?B: Do you want it to be a man or a woman? You can chooseA: Ive decided it should be a girlB: Whats your reason?A: Girls are so hard-workingB: Sounds good to me! Lets draw it now!Speaking & WritingSharing What is a computer? A programmable

21、machine. The two principal characteristics of a computer are: It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner. It can execute a prerecorded list of instructions (a program). Modern computers are electronic and digital. The actual machinery - wires, transistors, and circuits -

22、is called hardware; the instructions and data are called software. All general-purpose computers require the following hardware components: memory : Enables a computer to store, at least temporarily, data and programs. mass storage device : Allows a computer to permanently retain large amounts of da

23、ta. Common mass storage devices include disk drives and tape drives. input device : Usually a keyboard and mouse, the input device is the conduit through which data and instructions enter a computer. output device : A display screen, printer, or other device that lets you see what the computer has a

24、ccomplished.central processing unit (CPU): The heart of the computer, this is the component that actually executes instructions.In addition to these components, many others make it possible for the basic components to work together efficiently. For example, every computer requires a bus that transmi

25、ts data from one part of the computer to another. Computers can be generally classified by size and power as follows, though there is considerable overlap: personal computer : A small, single-user computer based on a microprocessor. In addition to the microprocessor, a personal computer has a keyboa

26、rd for entering data, a monitor for displaying information, and a storage device for saving data. workstation : A powerful, single-user computer. A workstation is like a personal computer, but it has a more powerful microprocessor and a higher-quality monitor. minicomputer : A multi-user computer ca

27、pable of supporting from 10 to hundreds of users simultaneously.mainframe : A powerful multi-user computer capable of supporting many hundreds or thousands of users simultaneously. supercomputer : An extremely fast computer that can perform hundreds of millions of instructions per second.什么是計(jì)算機(jī)？什么是計(jì)

28、算機(jī)？一個(gè)可編制程序的機(jī)器。計(jì)算機(jī)的二種主要特一個(gè)可編制程序的機(jī)器。計(jì)算機(jī)的二種主要特性是性是: : 它響應(yīng)一個(gè)具體的指令為一個(gè)明確定義它響應(yīng)一個(gè)具體的指令為一個(gè)明確定義的方式的方式. .現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)是電子和數(shù)字化的。現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)是電子和數(shù)字化的。 現(xiàn)有機(jī)器現(xiàn)有機(jī)器 - - 電線，晶體管和電路電線，晶體管和電路 - - 被稱為硬件；被稱為硬件； 指令指令和數(shù)據(jù)被稱為軟件。和數(shù)據(jù)被稱為軟件。所有通用計(jì)算機(jī)要求以下硬件元件所有通用計(jì)算機(jī)要求以下硬件元件: :物理內(nèi)存：使計(jì)算機(jī)物理內(nèi)存：使計(jì)算機(jī), , 至少臨時(shí)地至少臨時(shí)地, , 存放數(shù)據(jù)存放數(shù)據(jù)和節(jié)目。和節(jié)目。一個(gè)可編制程序的機(jī)器。計(jì)算機(jī)的二種大容一個(gè)

29、可編制程序的機(jī)器。計(jì)算機(jī)的二種大容量存儲(chǔ)器設(shè)備量存儲(chǔ)器設(shè)備: : 允許計(jì)算機(jī)永久地保存很多允許計(jì)算機(jī)永久地保存很多數(shù)據(jù)。大容量存儲(chǔ)器設(shè)備普遍包括驅(qū)動(dòng)器和數(shù)據(jù)。大容量存儲(chǔ)器設(shè)備普遍包括驅(qū)動(dòng)器和磁盤驅(qū)動(dòng)器。磁盤驅(qū)動(dòng)器。輸入設(shè)備輸入設(shè)備: : 通常是鍵盤鼠標(biāo)通常是鍵盤鼠標(biāo), , 輸入設(shè)備是數(shù)輸入設(shè)備是數(shù)據(jù)和指令進(jìn)入計(jì)算機(jī)的途徑。據(jù)和指令進(jìn)入計(jì)算機(jī)的途徑。輸出設(shè)備輸出設(shè)備: : 顯示器、打印機(jī)顯示器、打印機(jī), , 或其他可以讓或其他可以讓您看到計(jì)算機(jī)完成了什么的設(shè)備。中央處理您看到計(jì)算機(jī)完成了什么的設(shè)備。中央處理單元單元(CPU): (CPU): 計(jì)算機(jī)的心臟部分，是實(shí)際上計(jì)算機(jī)的心臟部分，是實(shí)際上執(zhí)

30、行指令的部件。執(zhí)行指令的部件。除了這些部件除了這些部件, ,使得許多其他的基本部件一起使得許多其他的基本部件一起實(shí)現(xiàn)高效率地工作成為可能。實(shí)現(xiàn)高效率地工作成為可能。 例如例如, ,要求一個(gè)要求一個(gè)巴士傳送一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)上的一部分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)到另外的巴士傳送一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)上的一部分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)到另外的巴士上去巴士上去. . 電腦根據(jù)體積和重量大致分類如下電腦根據(jù)體積和重量大致分類如下, ,雖然有有可能的交叉：雖然有有可能的交叉：個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)（個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)（PCPC機(jī)）機(jī)）: : 一個(gè)小的、單用戶的電一個(gè)小的、單用戶的電腦微處理器腦微處理器. .除微處理器之外除微處理器之外, , 一臺(tái)個(gè)人計(jì)算一臺(tái)個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)有一個(gè)鍵盤用來(lái)輸入

31、數(shù)據(jù)機(jī)有一個(gè)鍵盤用來(lái)輸入數(shù)據(jù), , 一個(gè)顯示器用來(lái)一個(gè)顯示器用來(lái)顯示信息顯示信息, , 還有存貯設(shè)備用來(lái)保存數(shù)據(jù)。還有存貯設(shè)備用來(lái)保存數(shù)據(jù)。 工作站工作站: :一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的、單用戶計(jì)算機(jī)一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的、單用戶計(jì)算機(jī). .就是一就是一臺(tái)個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)臺(tái)個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī), ,但它有個(gè)更強(qiáng)大的微處理器和但它有個(gè)更強(qiáng)大的微處理器和更優(yōu)質(zhì)的顯示器。更優(yōu)質(zhì)的顯示器。 小型機(jī)小型機(jī): :多用戶電腦，可支持多用戶電腦，可支持1010到上百用戶到上百用戶同步同步. . 主機(jī)主機(jī): :一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的多用戶電腦，可支持多用一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的多用戶電腦，可支持多用戶或成百上千的用戶同步戶或成百上千的用戶同步. . 大型機(jī)大型機(jī): :一個(gè)非?？斓?/p>

32、計(jì)算機(jī)，能每秒響應(yīng)一個(gè)非常快的計(jì)算機(jī)，能每秒響應(yīng)億萬(wàn)個(gè)指令億萬(wàn)個(gè)指令. .Discuss together and then decide which kind of computer you would like to buy for your school. Discussion A: Look at this computer. It has been given a smaller monitor.B: Thats good because we can then have more computers in the school. Does it have the Internet

33、as well?Sample dialogue:A: You can have it fitted but it is not included in the price. Now look at this one. Both a small monitor and a flat screen have been included. It can be joined to the Internet straight away and it has been given a large hard disc capacity. Thats good of course.B: Do you thin

34、k we should buy laptop computers for our school? They are more useful because they can be moved from room to room. The school would not need to provide a special room for computers. They are also smaller and can be stored away more easily. But they have proved to be much more expensive than a personal computer.A: Yes, that is why the principal told me we could not buy them. He would not be able to afford enough for the school so we