[精選]中考英語必背英語語法--資料

1、一、常使用動詞不定式的短語1、It s time to do sthIt. s time forths該做某事的時候了 .2、can t wait to do sth.迫不及待要做某事3、ask /telle sb. (not ) to do sth.要求 /告訴某人 (不)做某事4、allow sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事5、be supposed to do sth.應(yīng)該做某事6、Would like /want (sb.) to do sth.想要做某事7、have sth/nothing to do with與.有關(guān)/與無關(guān)8、find it +adj. to do st

2、h.發(fā)覺做某事 9、prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.寧愿做某事 ,而不愿做某事10、It s +adj. for sb. to do sth.做某事對某人來說 11、It s better /best to do sth.最好做某事12、It takes sb. sometime. to do sth.某人做某事用了一些時間二、常用動名詞的短語1、 enjoy /like /love doing sth.喜歡做某事2、 keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事3、feel like doing st

3、h.想要做某事4、practisedoingsth.練習(xí)作某事5、give up doing sth.放棄作某事6、be good at= do well inon doing sth.擅長做某事7、pay attention to doing sth.注意做某事8、what about/ how about doing sth.怎么.樣 (好嗎 )?9、Thank you for doing sth.為 感謝某人10、mind doing sth.介意做某事11、be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth.、被用來做某事12、spend (in) do

4、ing sth.花時間做某事13、be busy doing/ with sth.忙于做某事14、finish doing sth.做完某事15、look forward to doing.盼望做某事16、prefer doing sth. to doing sth.喜歡 勝過 17、be/get used to doing sth.習(xí)慣做某事18 、keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人作某事19. give one's life to doing sth為做某事獻出生命三、省略動詞不定式的短語1、一看二聽三使役see/ hear/

5、feel/ notice/ look at /listen to sb. do sth.看見 /聽見 /感覺 /注意某人做某事make /let /have sb. do sth.使/讓某人做某事2、help sb. (to) do sth/ with sth.幫助某人做某事3、 had better (not) do sth.最好(不)做某事4、 Why don t you/ not do sth.為什么不做某事？5、Would /Will / Could you please (not) do sth.請你 (不)做某事好嗎 ?四、 同義詞比較1、 stop to do sth.停下來去做

6、另一件事 When the teacher came into theclassroom, the students stopped talking.stop doing sth.停止正在做的事After he worked for an hour, hestopped to have a rest.2、 forget / remember to do sth.忘記 /記得要去作某事Please remember tobring my book to school.forget / remember doing sth.忘記 記得曾經(jīng)做過某事I rememberdoing my homewor

7、k3、 used to do sth.過去常常作某事be used to do sth.被用來作某事be used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于作某事My father used to smoke.Wood is used to make paper.I am used to getting up early.4、So +be/ 助動詞 /情態(tài)動詞+ 主語 也一樣So + 主語 +be/ 助動詞 / 情態(tài)動詞是呀 ,表示贊同別人的觀點Neither + be / 助動詞 / 情態(tài)動詞 +主語也不一樣（用于否定句）He has been to Beijing. So have I.It s

8、a fine day. So it is.She doesn t like eggs. Neither do I.5、 too to do sth.太 而不能 so +adj. /adv + that( 從句 )如此 以致 such + （a/an +adj. ） +n.+ that( 從句 )如此 以致 (not) enough (for sb.) to do sth.(對某人來說 )做某事 (不)夠The boy is too young to go to school.The boy is so young that he can t go to school.He is such a

9、young boy that he can t go to school.The boy is not old enough to go to school.五、常考知識點1、keep +adj.保持 狀態(tài)keep (sb.) doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事 /使某人老是做某事Everyone should keep our classroom clean.It s too late, but he still keeps working.Lily always keeps us waiting for her.2、make+ sb. + n.使某人成為make + sb. + adj.使某人

10、 make sb. do sth.使某人做某事Sb. be made to sth.某人被迫做某事We made Peter our monitor.Books make us happy.He often makes me laugh.The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.3、I don t think that我認為 不I don t think you are right.4、It s /was/has been+ some time +since+一般過去時 自從 以來有多久了It has been two years since w

11、e met last time.6What do you mean by?=What does . mean?=what is the meaning of.?么意思 ?是什What do you mean by “ computer ” ?=What does “ computer ” mean?=what is the meaning of "computer"?7、 What do you think of /How do you like你認?為 怎么樣 ?What do you think of this film /How do you like this fi

12、lm?8、 What is/was/will be like? . 怎么樣 ?What is the weather like?What will the life in the future be like?9、 It s said/ reported that據(jù)說 /據(jù)報道It's well known that眾所周知It's thought that大家認為It s said that the population of the word would be 6 billion in 2050.10、one of the + 形容詞最高級 +名詞復(fù)數(shù) 其中之一Shangh

13、ai is one of the biggest cities in China.11、neither nor 既不 也不（兩者都不）either or 要么 要么 /或者 或者 /不是 就是notonly butalso 不但 而且以上三個詞做主語時 ,要用就近原則Neither you nor he has been to the USA.Either he or you go to the park.Not only my mother but also my father is a teacher.neither of兩者都不either of兩者選一none of沒有一個以上三個做主

14、語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)All of 全部Both of兩者都以上二個做主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)12 、比較級 + than +any other + 名詞單數(shù)比其余任何一個 比較級 + than + the other+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù)Shanghai is bigger than any other city=shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.13 、When（當 的時候） , if （如果） , as soon as （一 就）, until（直到 才）, unless （除非 /如果 不）這幾個詞引導(dǎo)的時間或條件狀語從句時,主句要用

15、一般將來時 .，從句一般現(xiàn)在時I will call you when he comes.If it doesn t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.As soon as I get to Beijing, I ll come to see you.He won t go to bed until his parents come back .Unless you work hard, you won t catch up with others.回答者： wjbxwzcbs |一級 |2011-6-5 17:52一、常使用動詞不定式的短語1、It s

16、 time to do sthIt. s time for sth 該做某事的時候了 .2、cantwait to do sth.迫不及待要做某事3、ask /telle sb. (not ) to do sth.要求 /告訴某人 (不)做某事4、allow sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事5、be supposed to do sth.應(yīng)該做某事6、Would like /want (sb.) to do sth.想要做某事7、have sth/nothing to do with與.有關(guān)/與無關(guān)8、find it +adj. to do sth.發(fā)覺做某事 9、prefer to

17、 do sth. rather than do sth.寧愿做某事 ,而不愿做某事10、It s +adj. for sb. to do sth.做某事對某人來說 11、It s better /best to do sth.最好做某事12、It takes sb. sometime. to do sth.某人做某事用了一些時間二、常用動名詞的短語1、 enjoy /like /love doing sth.喜歡做某事2、 keep /keep on /carry on / go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事3、feel like doing sth.想要做某事4、practise d

18、oingsth.練習(xí)作某事5、give up doing sth.放棄作某事6、be good at= do well inon doing sth.擅長做某事7、pay attention to doing sth.注意做某事8、what about/ how about doing sth.怎么.樣 (好嗎 )?9、Thank you for doing sth.為 感謝某人10 、mind doing sth.介意做某事11 、be used for doing sth./ be used to do sth.、被用來做某事12 、spend (in) doing sth.花時間做某事1

19、3 、be busy doing/ with sth.忙于做某事14 、finish doing sth.做完某事15、look forward to doing.盼望做某事16、prefer doing sth. to doing sth.喜歡 勝過 17、be/get used to doing sth.習(xí)慣做某事18 、keep / stop/ prevent sb. from doing sth.阻止某人作某事19. give one's life to doing sth為做某事獻出生命三、省略動詞不定式的短語1、一看二聽三使役see/ hear/ feel/ notice/

20、 look at /listen to sb. do sth.看見 /聽見 /感覺 /注意某人做某事make /let /have sb. do sth.使/讓某人做某事2、help sb. (to) do sth/ with sth.幫助某人做某事3、 had better (not) do sth.最好(不)做某事4、 Why don t you/ not do sth.為什么不做某事？5、Would /Will / Could you please (not) do sth.請你 (不)做某事好嗎 ?四、 同義詞比較1、 stop to do sth.停下來去做另一件事 When the

21、 teacher came into theclassroom, the students stopped talking.stop doing sth.停止正在做的事After he worked for an hour, hestopped to have a rest.2、 forget / remember to do sth.忘記 /記得要去作某事Please remember tobring my book to school.forget / remember doing sth.忘記 記得曾經(jīng)做過某事 I rememberdoing my homework3、 used to

22、do sth.過去常常作某事be used to do sth.被用來作某事be used to doing sth.習(xí)慣于作某事My father used to smoke.Wood is used to make paper.I am used to getting up early.4、So +be/ 助動詞 /情態(tài)動詞 +主語 也一樣So + 主語 +be/ 助動詞 / 情態(tài)動詞是呀 ,表示贊同別人的觀點Neither + be / 助動詞 / 情態(tài)動詞 +主語也不一樣（用于否定句）He has been to Beijing. So have I.It s a fine day.

23、So it is.She doesn t like eggs. Neither do I.5、 too to do sth.太而不能 so +adj. /adv + that(從句 )如此 以致such + （a/an +adj. ） +n.+ that( 從句 )如此 以致(not) enough (for sb.) to do sth.(對某人來說 )做某事 (不)夠The boy is too young to go to school.The boy is so young that he can t go to school.He is such a young boy that h

24、e can t go to school.The boy is not old enough to go to school.五、常考知識點1、keep +adj.保持 狀態(tài)keep (sb.) doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事 /使某人老是做某事Everyone should keep our classroom clean.It s too late, but he still keeps working.Lily always keeps us waiting for her.2、make+ sb. + n.使某人成為make + sb. + adj.使某人 make sb. do sth

25、.使某人做某事Sb. be made to sth.某人被迫做某事We made Peter our monitor.Books make us happy.He often makes me laugh.The workers were made to work 12 hours a day.3、I don t think that我認為 不I don t think you are right.4、It s /was/has been+ some time +since+一般過去時 自從 以來有多久了It has been two years since we met last time.

26、6What do you mean by?=What does . mean?=what is the meaning of.?么意思 ?是什What do you mean by“ computer” ?=What does“ computer” mean?=what is themeaning of "computer"?7、 What do you think of /How do you like你認?為 怎么樣 ?What do you think of this film /How do you like this film?8、 What is/was/wil

27、l be like? .怎么樣 ?What is the weather like?What will the life in the future be like?9、 It s said/ reported that據(jù)說 /據(jù)報道It's well known that眾所周知It's thought that大家認為It s idsathat the population of the word would be 6 billion in 2050.10、one of the + 形容詞最高級 +名詞復(fù)數(shù) 其中之一Shanghai is one of the bigges

28、t cities in China.11、neither nor 既不 也不（兩者都不）either or 要么 要么 /或者 或者 /不是 就是notonly but also不但 而且以上三個詞做主語時 ,要用就近原則Neither you nor he has been to the USA.Either he or you go to the park.Not only my mother but also my father is a teacher.neither of兩者都不either of兩者選一none of沒有一個以上三個做主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)All of 全部Both

29、 of兩者都以上二個做主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)12 、比較級 + than +any other + 名詞單數(shù)比其余任何一個 比較級 + than + the other+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù)Shanghai is bigger than any other city=shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.13 、When（當 的時候） , if （如果） , as soon as （一 就）, until（直到 才）, unless （除非 /如果 不）這幾個詞引導(dǎo)的時間或條件狀語從句時,主句要用一般將來時 .，從句一般現(xiàn)在時I will c

30、all you when he comes.If it doesn t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic.As soon as I get to Beijing, I ll come to see you.He won t go to bed until his parents come back.Unless you work ha 回答者： 熱心網(wǎng)友rd, you won t catch up with others.| 2011-6-10 22:40初三英語總復(fù)習(xí)資料介詞I. 要點1、介詞和種類(1) 簡單介詞，常用的有 at, in, on, a

31、bout, across, before, beside, for , to,without 等。(2) 復(fù)合介詞，如 by means of, along with, because of, in front of, instead of等。2、介詞和其他詞類的習(xí)慣搭配關(guān)系(1) 和動詞的搭配，如 agree with, ask for, belong to, break away from, care about 等。(2) 和形容詞的搭配，如 afraid of, angry with, different from, good at(3) 和名詞的搭配，如answer to , key

32、 to, reason for, cause of, visit to等.3、介詞短語可以有自己的修飾語， 這種修飾語通常有 right, just, badly, all, well, directly, completely 等少數(shù)幾個副詞。如：He came right after dinner.He lives directly opposite the school.4、 某些介詞的意義與用法舉例(1) at, on, in( 表時間 )表示時間點用 at,如 at four o'clock, at midnight等；表示不確定的時間或短期假日也用 at,如 at that

33、 time, at Christmas等。指某天用 on, 如 on Monday, on the end of November,指某天的朝夕用 on,如 on Friday morning, on the afternoon of September lst等。指長于或短于一天的時段用 in,如 in the afternoon, in February, in Summer, in 1999 等。(2) between, among( 表位置 )between 僅用于二者之間，但說三者或三者以上中的每兩個之間的相互關(guān)系時，也用 between, 如I'm sitting betw

34、een Tom and Alice.The village lies between three hills.among 用于三者或三者以上之間。如：He is the best among the students.(3) beside, besidesbeside 意為 "在 旁邊"，而 besides 意為 "除 之外 "。如：He sat beside me.What do you want besides this?(4)in the tree, on the treein the tree指動物或人在樹上，而on the tree指果實、樹葉

35、長在樹上(5)on the way, in the way, by the way, in this wayon the way指在路上in the way指擋道by the way指順便問一句in this way用這樣的方法(6)in the corner, at the cornerin the corner指在拐角內(nèi)at the corner指在拐角外(7)in the morning, on the morningin the morning是一般說法on the morning特指某一天的早晨(8)by bus, on the busby bus 是一般說法on the bus特指

36、乘某一輛車II. 例題例 1 Do you know any other foreign language_ English? A except B but C beside D besides解析：A 、B 兩項 except 等于 but ，意為 "除了 "，C-beside 意為 "在 旁邊 "，不符合題意。而 D-besides, 意為 "除了 之外，還有 "。所以該題正確答案為 D。該題意為：除了英語外，你還知道別的語言嗎？例 2 He suddenly returned _ a rainy night. A on B at

37、 C in D during解析：我們均知道， at night 這一短語，但如果 night 前有修飾詞，表具體的夜晚，則要用介詞on 來修飾，故該題正確答案為A。例 3 I'm looking forward _your letter. A to B in C at D on解析：該題正確答案為 A。look forward to 為固定搭配，意為 "期望、盼望 "。連詞I. 要點1、 連詞的種類(1) 并列連詞用來連接并列關(guān)系的詞、短語或分句，如 and, for, or, botheither or, neither等nor。(2) 從屬連詞用來引導(dǎo)從句，如

38、that, if, whether, when, after, as soon as and, 等。除了從屬連詞 (引導(dǎo)狀語從句 )外，還有其它可以用來引導(dǎo)從句的詞類。它們是連接代詞和連接副詞 (引導(dǎo)名詞性從句 )，關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞 (引導(dǎo)定語從句 )。2、 常用連詞舉例(1)and 和，并且They drank and sang all night.(2) both and和， 既也 Both my parents and I went there.(3) but 但是，而(4) either or或 或， 要么 要么 Either you're wrong, or I am.(5

39、) for 因為I asked him to stay, for I had something to tell him.(6) however然而，可是Af first, he didn't want to go there. Later, however, he decided to go.(7) neither nor既不 也不Neither my parents nor my aunt agrees with you.(8) not only but(also)不但 而且 (9) or 或者，否則(10) so 因此，所以It's getting late, so I

40、must go.(11) although雖然Although it was late, they went on working.(12) as soon as一 就I'll tell him as soon as I see him.(13) because因為He didn't go to school, because he was ill.(14)unless除非，如果不I won't go unless it is fine tomorrow.(15)until直到 He didn't leave until eleven. (瞬間動詞用于not u

41、ntil 結(jié)構(gòu) )He stayed there until eleven.(16)while當時候，而(表示對比 )While I stayed there, I met a friend of mine. (while后不可用瞬間動詞 )My pen is red while his is blue.(17)for 因為He was ill, for he didn't come. (結(jié)論是推斷出來的 )(18)since 自從 I have lived here since my uncle left.(19)hardly when一 就I had hardly got to t

42、he station when the train left.(20)as far as就 來說As far as I know, that country is very small.You may walk as far as the lake. (一直走到湖那里 )II. 例題例 1 John plays football _, if not better than, David. A as well B as well as C so well D so well as解析：該題意為： John 踢足球如果不比 David 好的話，那也踢得和 David 一樣好。和 一樣好為 as w

43、ell as.故該題正確答案為B.例 2 She thought I was talking about her daughter, _, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.A when B where C which D while解析：該處意為 "然而 "，只有 while 有此意思，故選 D。例 3 Would you like a cup of coffee _ shall we get down to business right away?A. and B. then C. or D. otherwise解析：該處

44、意為 "或者 "，正確答案為 C。動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)I. 要點1、 一般現(xiàn)在時(1)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或現(xiàn)在存在的狀態(tài)，常與 sometimes, always, often,every day 等時間狀語連用。如： Sometimes, we go swimming after school.(2)表示客觀真理、科學(xué)事實等。如： The earth goes round the sun.2、 現(xiàn)在進行時(1) 表示說話時或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作， 常與 now, at present 等時間狀語連用。如：What are you doing now?(2) 和 always,

45、continually 等連用，表一種經(jīng)常反復(fù)的動作， 常含有某種情感。如：He is always doing good deeds.3、 現(xiàn)在完成時主要表示動作發(fā)生在過去， 對現(xiàn)在仍有影響， 或動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在， 或可能還要繼續(xù)下去，常與just, already, so far, once, never等詞連用。如:Have youever been to Beijing?4、一般將來時表示將來某一時間要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與tomorrow, next year等連用。如：I'll meet you at the school gate tomorrow morning

46、.We're going to see a film next Monday.5、一般過去時表示在過去某一時間或某一階段內(nèi)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)， 常與 yesterday, last year, in 1998, a moment ago 等詞連用。如： It happened many years ago.6、過去進行時表示過去某一時刻或某一時期正在發(fā)生的動作。如：What were you doing this time yesterday?7、 過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了的動作。如：You'll hand in your homeworkTh

47、e train had already left before we arrived.8、一般過去將來時表示說話人從過去的角度來看將來發(fā)生的動作。如：He said he would come, but he didn't.9、被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)，以give 為例。時式一般進行完成現(xiàn)在 am isgiven are am is being are hasbeen given have過去 wasgiven were wasbeing given were had been given將來 shallbe given will shallhave been given will過去將

48、來 shouldbe given would shouldhave been given wouldII.例題例 1 I learned that her father _ in 1950. A had died B died C dead D is dead解析：該題正確答案為 B。從句中的謂語動詞動作雖然發(fā)生在主句謂語動詞的動作之前，但因從句中有明確的過去時間狀語 in 1950, 所以不用過去完成時態(tài)，而用一般過去時態(tài)。例 2 The five-year-old girl _ by her parents. A is looked B has looked forC is being l

49、ooked for D has been looked解析：該題正確答案為 C。在帶有介詞的動詞短語用于被動語態(tài)句中，介詞不能省，否則就變成了不及物動詞短語，而不能用于被動語態(tài)的句子中。短語動詞I. 要點英語中有許多短語動詞在意義上是一個整體， 其用法有的相當于及物動詞， 有的相當于不及物動詞， 有的兼有及物動詞和不及物動詞的特征。 英語短語動詞的構(gòu)成主要有以下六種：(1) 動詞介詞常見的有 look for, look after, send for, care about, ask for, laugh at, hear of (from), add to, lead to 等。這類短語動

50、詞的賓語只能放在介詞后。如：Don't laugh at others.I didn't care about it.(2) 動詞副詞常見的有 give up, pick up, think over, find out, hand in, point out等。這類短語動詞的賓語如果是名詞， 既可放在副詞前邊， 又可放在副詞后邊； 賓語如果是人稱代詞或反身代詞，則要放在副詞前邊。如：tomorrow.Please don't forget to hand it in.(3) 動詞副詞介詞常見的有 look down upon, go on with, break away from, add up to, catch up with 等。這類短語動詞的賓語只能放在介詞后邊。如：All his money added up to no more than $100.After a short rest, he went on with his research work.(4) 動詞名詞介詞常