初一七年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)unit3-unit

1、知識(shí)點(diǎn)大全Unit 3 How do you get to school?一、重點(diǎn)語法：詢問別人做某事的方式用How引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句其回答有多種方式，其中一種結(jié)構(gòu)是by doing sth.或by sth.的結(jié)構(gòu)。詢問兩地的距離用how far 引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句回答用be + (distance) + away + from的結(jié)構(gòu)。例句： A: How do you get to school?( 你如何去上學(xué) ?)B: I take the subway.( 我乘地鐵去上學(xué)。)A: How long does it take you to get from home to school?(從家到

2、學(xué)校需要花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間?)B: It takes 25 minutes.( 要花25 分鐘。 )二、重點(diǎn)短語：by bus = take the bus 乘公共汽車how far多遠(yuǎn)depend on 依賴于by boat = take the boat 乘船look at 看by train = take the train乘火車by bike = ride one's bike騎車by subway =take the subway 乘地鐵by plane = take the plane 乘飛機(jī)on foot 走路get up 起床have breakfast 吃早飯leave fo

3、r somewhere 離開去某地take sb. to somewhere 帶某人去某地half an hour = thirty minutes半小時(shí) (三十分鐘 )around the world = all over the world全世界get to school 到學(xué)校1. take the subway to = go to by搭subway地鐵2. take the train to = go to坐火車by train3. take a bus to = go to by bus = go to乘坐公共on汽a車bus4. take a taxi to = go to坐的

4、by士 taxi5. ride a bike/ bicycle to = go to by騎bike/自行bicycle車6. walk to = go to on步行foot7. take a car to = go to in a car= go to 坐汽車 by car8. get to school 到達(dá)學(xué)校get to=arrive in/at=reach到達(dá)(in 加大地方at 加小地方 )9. 10 kilometers from school離學(xué)校 10 公里（遠(yuǎn)）10. from to 從 到 from his home to school從他家到學(xué)校11. how （用于

5、提問狀態(tài)和交通工具）怎樣how long用來詢問時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)度（用于提問時(shí)間段多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間）或物體的長(zhǎng)度how often（用于提問頻率）多久時(shí)間一次how far （用于提問距離）多遠(yuǎn)how many 用于提問數(shù)量）多少how much （用于提問數(shù)量/價(jià)錢）多少 /多少錢how soon12. have a quick breakfast 快速地吃早餐13. leave for school 出發(fā)去學(xué)校14. the early bus 早班車15. take sb. to school 帶某人去學(xué)校Then the early bus takes him to school. 然后，他乘坐早班車

6、到學(xué)校16. bus ride 搭公車的路程17. bus stop 公車亭知識(shí)點(diǎn)大全18. bus station公車站bus stop是指小站，bus station指大的站，比如汽車站。現(xiàn)在的英語尤其是美式英語里，二者的區(qū)分不是太細(xì)。19. train station火車站20. subway station 地鐵站21. think of認(rèn)為22. around the world=all over the world遍及全世界22.the school bus 校車23. in North /South America在北 /南美洲in the north/south/east/we

7、st of American在美國(guó)的北 /南 /東 /西部24. on the school bus 乘 /坐校車25. in other parts of the world在世界上的其他地方26. the other （兩者中的）另一個(gè)27. others = other (students) 其他的（學(xué)生）28. things are different情況不同29. be different from與 不同be the same as 與 一樣 (見后 )30. make a difference 產(chǎn)生差異31. depend on 取決于 /依賴 /依靠In China , it

8、depends on where you are .視 depend而定on；決定于I haven t a car, I have to depend on the buses我沒.有汽車，只能依靠公共汽車。32. go to school by boat = take a boat to school坐船去上學(xué)33. must be 肯定 /一定是34. a lot more fun更多的樂趣35. not all students 并非所有的學(xué)生36. the most popular ways /means 最流行的方式 means of transportation 交通方式In Ch

9、ina ， bikes and buses are the most popular means of transportation. 在中國(guó)，自行車和公共汽車是最流行的交通方式。37. a small number of 小部分的A small number of students take the subway to school. 小部分學(xué)生乘坐地鐵上學(xué)38. a large/ great number of 大多數(shù)的 a number of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)“許多 ” =many可用 large/great/small 修飾，表程度。 the number of + 復(fù)數(shù)

10、名詞作主語，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)“ 的.數(shù)量 ”A great number of students are young.The number of them is 2,200.39. be ill in the hospital生病住院ill( 形容詞 )： illness（名詞）ill 和 sick 都可作表語He is ill/sick.他生病了。但是 He is a sick man. 他是一個(gè)病人。 （ sick 作定語，此時(shí)不能用ill ）40. worry about sb./sth.擔(dān)心某人 /某事 worry about sb/sth=be worried about為某人 /某事.擔(dān)

11、心I worry about my study.= I am wirried about my study.41. take a shower 淋浴42.at around six thirty 在大約六點(diǎn)半around 作介詞時(shí)，是 “大約、將近 ”的意思時(shí)，常與數(shù)詞連用He leaves for school at around six thirty.他大約在6 點(diǎn) 30 分動(dòng)身去學(xué)校leave for動(dòng)詞短語，意思是“去（某地） ”見 3 單元重點(diǎn)短語歸納中的詳解43. five minutes步walk行五分鐘的路程44. Don t worry別.擔(dān)心45. in Chinese 用

12、漢語46.How/ What about？How/ What about？常用來詢問和建議，其中about 是介詞，其后跟名詞、代詞及動(dòng)名你對(duì)? 的看法怎樣？你?認(rèn)為 怎樣？知識(shí)點(diǎn)大全詞，意思是 “怎么樣？ 如何？ ”How about trying again?再試一下如何？二固定結(jié)構(gòu)1. It takes/ took (sb.) some time to do sth.做某事花了某人時(shí)間 /某人花了 時(shí)間做某事It takes me 20 minutes to finish all my homework.我花了 20 分鐘的時(shí)間完成了所有的作業(yè)。It took him 2 years t

13、o finish making the movie.他花了兩年的時(shí)間制作了這部電影。此句子結(jié)構(gòu)可等同于：sb. spend/ spent some time on sth. 某人花了 時(shí)間在某事上 sb. spend/ spent some time (in) doing sth. 某人花了 做某事It takes me 20 minutes to finish all my homework.= I spend 20 minutes on all my homework.= I spend 20 minutes (in) doing all my homework. It took him

14、2 years to finish making the movie.= I spent 2 years on the movie.= He spent 2 years (in) making the movie.三 . 重點(diǎn)句子1. How do you get to school? I ride my bike to school.2. How long does it take?It takes about 25 minutes to walk and 10 minutes by bus.3. How long does it take you to ride your bike to

15、school? It takes me 35 minutes to ride my bike to school.你需要多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間到校？步行大約10 分鐘，乘汽車15 分鐘。4. How far is it (from his home to school)?= How far does he live from school?It is three miles (from his home to school).從他家到學(xué)校有多遠(yuǎn)？大約10 公里。5. What do think of the transportation in your town?= How do you like the

16、transportation in your town?= How d o you like6. That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus!那肯定比坐公車更有趣的多！表推測(cè)： must be 一定、必定、肯定用于肯定句中a lot/a bit/a little/much/some/even/still/far修飾比較級(jí)a little. tallermore 是 many、 much 的比較級(jí)，表示“更多的 ”意思。比較級(jí) + than 構(gòu)成比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)。7. A small number of students take a subway. a

17、 number of = many 許多8. Don't worry. 別擔(dān)心。9. I have a map but in Chinese .10. When it rains I take a taxi .11. In North America , not all students take the bus to school . not all 是部分否定，意思是并不是所有的；不是全部的表部分否定： not 與 all, both, many, much, everyone, everything, always 等連用，表部分否定。四句子結(jié)構(gòu)拓展 1. It depends

18、on where you are. 取決于你在哪里。這是一個(gè)賓語從句。在賓語從句中要用陳述句語序。I know. He comes from Spain. I know he comes from Spain.知識(shí)點(diǎn)大全I(xiàn) want to know.Where does he come from? I want to kno w where he comes from. 2. In places (where there are rivers and lakes), students usually go to school by boat.(在有河流和湖泊的)地方，學(xué)生通常都坐船去上學(xué)。這是

19、一個(gè)定語從句。where there are rivers and lakes是定語，修飾前面的名詞place.The girl (who speaks French) is my classmate. 那個(gè)（說法語的）女孩是我的同班同學(xué)。若定語從句修飾的名詞（先行詞）是人物，則用關(guān)系代詞who 連接 .He wants to live in a place (where there are flowers and grass).他想住在有花有草的地方。若定語從句修飾的名詞（先行詞）是地點(diǎn)，則用關(guān)系副詞where連接 3take/ spend /cost take后面常跟雙賓語，常見用法有以下

20、幾種：(1) It takes sb. 時(shí)間 to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。例： It took them three years to build this road.他們用了三年時(shí)間修完了這條路。(2)doing sth. takes sb. 時(shí)間 ,做某事花了某人多少時(shí)間。例： Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon.他花了一下午修車。 spend的主語必須是人，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：(1) spend time money on sth. 在 上花費(fèi)時(shí)間（金錢） 。例： I spent two hours on this

21、 maths problem.這道數(shù)學(xué)題花了我兩個(gè)小時(shí)。(2) spend time money (in) doing sth.花費(fèi)時(shí)間（金錢）做某事。例： They spent two years (in) building this bridge.造這座橋花了他們兩年時(shí)間。(3)spend money for sth.花錢買 。例： His money was spent for books.他的錢用來買書了。 cost的主語是物或某種活動(dòng)，還可以表示 “值 ”， 常見用法如下：(1)sth. costs (sb.) 金錢 ,某物花了（某人）多少錢。例： A new computer co

22、sts a lot of money.買一臺(tái)新電腦要花一大筆錢。(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.)時(shí)間 ,某物（做某事）花了（某人）多少時(shí)間。例：Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量時(shí)間才記住了這些單詞。注意：cost 的過去式及過去分詞都是cost,并且不能用于被動(dòng)句。 pay的作 “花費(fèi) ”的意思時(shí)，常見用法如下：(1)sb.+ pay for sth.付 的款例： He paid 5 for the book.他買這本書花了5 英鎊。(2)pay sb.for sth.為 給某人報(bào)酬例： T

23、he boss paid Bob for his work.老板為他的工作給了Bob報(bào)酬。練習(xí)一、詞義1. have to2. a number of3. in hospitalmustthe number ofin the hospital二、句子1. 步行大約要 25 分鐘。2. 從他家到學(xué)校有多遠(yuǎn) ?知識(shí)點(diǎn)大全3. 托馬斯想知道她怎么去學(xué)校。4. 世界各地的學(xué)生們?cè)鯓尤ド蠈W(xué) ?5. 在世界的其他地方，情況有所不同。6. 在日本，大部分學(xué)生坐火車上學(xué)，盡管也有其他人步行或騎自行車。7. 那一定比乘坐公共汽車有趣多了。8. 并不是所有的學(xué)生都坐公共汽車上學(xué)。9. 少數(shù)學(xué)生乘坐地鐵。10. 你

24、認(rèn)為你們鎮(zhèn)的交通怎么樣 ?三. 作文根據(jù)育英中學(xué)八年級(jí)(1) 班學(xué)生上學(xué)方式的調(diào)查表，用英語寫一篇短文，不少于70字。There are fifty students in Class 1, Grade 8 at Yuying Middle School. Every day they go to school in different ways. Fifteen students take buses and twelve take the subway because they live far from the school. Ten students walk. They think

25、walking is good for their health and they live near the school. Thirteen students ride their bikes to school because they like riding bikes very much and their homes are not very far from the school. No one goes to school by car.知識(shí)點(diǎn)大全Unit4 Don teat in class.學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：1. 談?wù)撘?guī)則2. 祈使語氣3. 表示允許4. 能夠用口頭或書面描述規(guī)則重

26、點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)：重點(diǎn)掌握祈使語氣的用法，包括表示允許的Can 及其當(dāng)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用的have todo;以及各種可以用在表述規(guī)章制度的動(dòng)詞和句型。難點(diǎn)在于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法，以及祈使句與它的應(yīng)答。1. 表示規(guī)則的句型：- Dont run in the hallways. - Sorry, Ms Mendoza.Dont watch TV after school.Dont go out on school nights.1. 思考、談?wù)撘?guī)則。Dont talk loudly.Do your homework after school!Practice your guitar every day.2. Ca

27、n： such as: We can do. We cant do . Can we do?- What are the rules? - Well, we can t arrive late for class.- Can we listen to music, Alex? - We cant listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside.一.短語1. in class 在課上4. no talking禁止交談2. on school nights在上學(xué)的晚上5. listen to music 聽音樂3.

28、school rules6. have to 不得不校規(guī)7. take my dog for a walk帶狗去散步8. eat outside 在外面吃飯9. in the hallway在走廊上10. wear a uniform穿制服11. arrive late for class 上學(xué)遲到12. after school 放學(xué)后13. practice the guitar 練習(xí)彈吉它14. in the cafeteria 在自助食堂里15. meet my friends 和我朋友見面16. by ten o'clock. 十點(diǎn)之前17. be in bed 在床上18.

29、 the Children's Palace 少年宮19. help my mom make dinner 幫助我媽做飯二 .重點(diǎn)句型1.Dont arrive late for school=Dont be late for school2.Dont fight.3.Dont listen to music in the classroom.4.Dont run in the hallways5.Dont smoke .It s bad for your health.6.Dont play cards in school7.Dont talk in class8.Dont watc

30、h TV on school nights.9.Dont sleep in class.10.Dont play sports in the classrooms.11.Dont sing songs at night.12.Dont talk when you eat.13.Dont wear hats in class.14.Do homework by 10:00.15.Clean your house!知識(shí)點(diǎn)大全16.Make the bed.17.Can we ? Yes ,we can . No, we cant.Eg: Can we arrive late for class ?

31、 No, we ca nt. We can 18.Do you have to wash your clothes? Yes, I do./No, I don三. 重難點(diǎn)解析：t arrive late for class. t.1. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 have to 的用法， 意思是 " 必須、不得不 " ，它側(cè)重于客觀上的必要和外界的權(quán)威。(1) 結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 +have to+動(dòng)詞原形 +其他(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，用has to; 句子是過去時(shí)，用had to.)如：We have to wear sneakers for gym class.在體育課上，我們必須

32、穿運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋。Tom has to practice the guitar every day.湯姆每天必須練習(xí)彈吉它。I had to get up at 5:00 amlast Monday. 上周一，我不得不早上5 點(diǎn)起床。(2) 否定形式：主語+don't have to+ 動(dòng)詞原形 +其他(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)， 主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，用 doesn't have to. 句子是過去時(shí)， 用 didn't haveto)如： Nick doesn't have to wear a uniform.尼克不必穿制服。We didn't have to do ou

33、rhomework at once. 我們不必馬上完成作業(yè)。(3) 疑問句： Do (Does 或 Did)+ 主語 +have to + 動(dòng)詞原形 +其他如： Do you have to stay at home on weekends?周末你必須呆在家里嗎?Yes, I do. / No, Idon't.是的，我必須。不，我不必。Did he have to go to bed by 11:00 last night?昨晚，他不得不 11 點(diǎn)前上床睡覺嗎?2. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 can 的用法(1) 表示能力， " 會(huì) "" 能 "( 在第一冊(cè)中已

34、經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)這種用法 )Can you play the guitar?你會(huì)彈吉它嗎?Judy can speak a little Chinese.朱蒂會(huì)說一點(diǎn)中文。 I can dance and sing. 我能唱歌又能跳舞。(2) 表示允許、許可， " 可以 "、 "能 "( 在這一課中新學(xué)的詞義 )Can the students run in the hallways?學(xué)生們可以在走廊上跑嗎?We can eat outside. 我們可以在外面吃東西。Can I come in? 我能進(jìn)來嗎 ?注意 同樣是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞， can 和 have to 的用法是有區(qū)別的，和大部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一樣，can在否定句中，直接在can 后加上 not，在疑問句中，把can 放到主語前面，并且沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。3. hear， listen 和 sound 都有 " 聽 " 的意思，但三者是有區(qū)別的。(1)hear" 聽說 "，側(cè)重于 " 聽" 的內(nèi)容I'm sorry