高中情態(tài)動詞用法總結(jié)

1、情態(tài)動詞的用法A. can; could; be able toCan 1.表示能力此時過去時是could2. 表示許可、請求，"可以"。-Can/Could Igo now?3表示推測，把握很大，could也可表推測，把握比can小。-Look! Some one is coming! Who can it be?-It can 'be him. He has gone to Paris.不可能/ He could be here soon. 他很快就來。4表示感情驚異/不耐煩 究竟，到底主要用于否認(rèn)句，疑問句和感慨句中。How can you be so foo

2、lish?What ca n it possibly be?到底那是怎么一回事 ？They can 'be working at this time of day.5肯定句中客觀存在的可能性。有時會，偶爾It can be quite windy there, especially in spri ng.Could1.表示能力，can的過去式，過去能夠Could you speak En glish the n?那時候你會說英語嗎 ？2. 請求允許委婉語氣問句的答語不用 could，而用can ,Could Ca n I use your pen?3.表示推測可能性(肯，否，疑)We

3、could go there this summer.“ Yes, of course you can., I 'm afraid not.今年夏天我們可能要去那兒。將來可能性You could be right, but I don' ytioinke.你可能是對的，但我并不認(rèn)為你是對的。4. could have done 對過去推測，可能已經(jīng)。本來能夠卻沒做，差點(diǎn)就He can ' t couldn ' t have seen her there他不可能在那兒見到她。He could have gone home.他可能已回家了He could have

4、told her, but he didn' t choos他本來可以告訴她的，但他卻沒有。B. may 禾口 might1. 表示允許、許可，might提問更委婉。-May/Might I watch TV after supper?-Yes, you may./ Yes, please./ Certa inly.-No, you must n't. / No, you may not. / No, you can'./No, you ' d better not.2. 表示推測，有 或許可能"的意思。might把握更小。疑問句用can/ could

5、.? He may/might be right./ I hear there may be a few copies left.? He may/might come today (tomorrow).3. may 表示祝愿，倒裝。 May + 主語 + 動詞原形。May you succeed!/May you all be happy. may might as well 意為不妨 還是為好"等，用 might比用 may語氣更委婉。如：I m ready so I might as well go now.我已準(zhǔn)備好，因此不妨現(xiàn)在就走。There ' s nothng

6、 to do, so I may might as well go to bed. may well. 完全可能C. must, have toMust 1.表示 必須否認(rèn)式mustn'表示 不可以 不準(zhǔn) 禁止"等。Everybody must obey the rules./ You mustn ' t lend it to others. /You mustn ' t speak like that to your mother.在答復(fù)有 “ must 的詢問時，-Must I go now?- Yes, you must.-No, you needn &

7、#39; t. / No, you don ' t have to.2. must表示推測(一定必定)，表肯定的推測，其否認(rèn)的推測用can't，表示“不可能You must be hungry after the long walk. / It can't be Jim, for he has gone to Beiji ng.The Chin ese Ian guage must have the large nu mber of speakers.3. must表示說話人不耐煩的態(tài)度，“干嘛偏要 must + have + done ，表示對過去事物的肯定推測。一定

8、做過.He must have told my pare nts about it.他一定把這件事情告訴我父母親了。 must表示推測時，其反意疑問句應(yīng)根據(jù)動詞的實(shí)際時態(tài)而變化。如:? It must be nice to take a walk here, isn' t it? Tom buys a lot of apples ,he must like eati ng them, does n't he？Must have done的反意疑問句有三種情況： 從句中含有過去的時間狀語,反意疑問句用過去時.? The ground is wet , it must have r

9、ained last night, didn' t it?hadn' t we? 從句中含有過去完成時的時間狀語，反意疑問句用過去完成時.By the end of last term, we must have lear nt 2000 words,haven ' t we?mustn '.t? 或 needn ' .t?may 或 must ? 假設(shè)從句中不含任何時間狀語,反意疑問句用現(xiàn)在完成時? We must have bee n met somewhere (before) must表示必須有必要寸，反義疑問句局部用You must go ho

10、me right now, needn' you? must用否認(rèn)形式 mustn '時，附加疑問句局部用You must n' cheat i n the exam in ati on, must you?3. 表示與說話人愿望相反及不耐煩.意為偏要-you make so much no ise?A Must B Can C May D Would-Sorry, I will take care not to.4. must 和 have to 的區(qū)別：D. ought to/ should/ shallOught to ought to用于反映客觀情況或涉及義務(wù)和

11、規(guī)定時，常譯作應(yīng)該、應(yīng)當(dāng)和should差不多，只是語氣較強(qiáng)，有時表示非?？赡艿氖虑?。There ought not to be much no ise in a hospital. -Ought he to go? - Yes, he ought to.? If she is completely well, she ought to be back at school today.ought to have done 指過去動作，表示一件事情該做而未做。ought not to have done表示一件不該做的事情卻做了。should 1.用于表示勸告和建議，應(yīng)該.表示自己的主觀看法，語氣

12、比ought to弱。 should + have done指過去動作，表示一件事情該做而未做。should not + have do ne表示一件不該做的事情卻做了。-Who did it sou nd like? An ybody you know?-Well, perhaps Jeff. I should have asked who was call ing before he hung it up.2. 表推測,“按道理，按常理應(yīng)該They should have arrived by two o ' clock.3. 表示驚訝，贊嘆，不滿，責(zé)備竟然I am sorry t

13、hat you should do such a thing.4. 用于if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中，表示一件事聽起來可能性小，但也不是完全不可能。有 一 的意思Should I be free tomorrow, I 'come.Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him.shall1. shall作為情態(tài)動詞，用于第二、第三人稱，陳述句，表示說話人的意愿，有命令警告、威脅 強(qiáng)制 允諾等意思。必須，應(yīng)，可以.? You shall do as I say.命令? Tell him that he shall have the book tomor

14、row.允諾? You shall be punished if you break the law. 表警告2. 用于第一、第三人稱，在疑問句中,shall用來征詢對方意見?！昂脝?？ “要不要？Where shall I wait for you?/ Shall he come at on ce?/ Shall we start the meeti ng now?3. 在條約、規(guī)定、法令等文件中表示義務(wù)或規(guī)定，用于第三人稱The new regulatio n shall take effect on June 1 st.E. will 和 would 1)表示意志、決心、意愿可用于多種人稱

15、。 will指現(xiàn)在，would指過去。? I will tell you all about it./ He won ' t go.(2)表示詢問對方的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱?，在疑問句中用語第二人稱時，委婉語氣would.? I ' m going to go shopping after school. Will you go with me? Will/would you please give him a message whe n you see him? 表示習(xí)慣動作，有 總是 慣于"的意思。過去式 wouldHe' ll talk for hours

16、 if you give him the chanee.表示功能，能The door won topen. / The car won 'start.(5)will用于表達(dá)真理，客觀規(guī)律時“會Oil will float on water. / Fish will die without water.F. need 禾口 dare1. need表示 需要 必須通常用在否認(rèn)句或疑問句中。? He need n ' t payor it.-Need you go now?- Yes, I must. - No, I needn ' t.2. dare表示 敢通常用于否認(rèn)句、

17、疑問句、條件從句和if/whether引出的賓語從句中。? How dare you say I ' m unfair? She dare not do so.? He asked me if I dared speak En glish in public. need和dare也可用作行為動詞，變化與一般動詞相同?She didn ' t need to go.?- Who dares to go?- - I don ' t dare (to) go. I dare say作插入語，我想，大概，可能，或許 “ needn t + have done表示過去做了沒必要做

18、的事情。You need n't have take n it seriously.這件事情你不必太認(rèn)真。G. had better 最好、 We had better go now.Yes，we had (we'd better / we had better).Hadn't we better stop now? (Had we better not stop no w?)I thi nk I'd better be going.(用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)，表最好立即You had better have do ne that.(用于完成時態(tài)，表未完成動作)W情態(tài)動詞+ have done1、must have done, “一定做過 /一定已經(jīng) ，表示對過去情況極大把握地推測，僅用于肯 定句2、 may/might have done也許做過某事推測 ；本來可以做某事卻沒做3、can't have done 為否認(rèn)句或疑問句 ,對過去的推測“不可能，一定沒做過某事could have done 本來可以做某事卻沒做4、needn't have done 表示 不必要做某事， 但做了，而 needn't do 那么表示 不必做 也沒做 5、ought to /should have