六級翻譯技巧

1、.投頂網(wǎng) 像玩游戲一樣開心學習、開心背單詞，一起PK吧投頂網(wǎng) 1.       像玩游戲一樣背單詞，和同學一起比賽、打擂PK非常有趣2.       150多類詞庫：四級、六級、研究生、GRE、TOEFL想背的單詞基本都有3.       免費、不用下載、不用安裝您也可以加入投頂網(wǎng)的QQ群：58435079或者69620265 一起討論投頂網(wǎng)最近推出了每天登陸開心背單詞送寶物。還推出了自己闖關(guān)的玩法！感覺內(nèi)容好，請轉(zhuǎn)

2、發(fā)給身邊的同學和朋友！六級翻譯技巧一、漢譯英應試原則和基本程序（一）漢譯英應試原則手法靈活（如遇難譯之處，換用其它相近說法表達）語法正確（避免時態(tài)、語態(tài)、單復數(shù)等語法錯誤）內(nèi)容忠實（必須把原文的內(nèi)容準確而完整地表達出來，不得有任何歪曲、遺漏或增刪）語言閃光（譯文符合英語表達習慣，且用詞準確、多樣）（二）漢譯英基本程序1理解 通讀并透徹理解原文含義2翻譯 確定譯文句子的時態(tài)、句型、結(jié)構(gòu)和用詞 3審校 首先檢查譯文是否正確地轉(zhuǎn)述了原文內(nèi)容，是否有錯譯和漏譯；其次，檢查是否有語言上的明顯錯誤，如時態(tài)、語態(tài)、單復數(shù)、拼寫、大小寫、標點符號等。發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤，及時改正。二、漢譯英專項練習一、倍數(shù)增減的表示法1

3、) Force N1 is 2.5 times greater than force N2 (比力N2大2.5倍). 2) This substance reacts three times as fast as the other one (反應速度是另外那種物質(zhì)的三倍). 3) The earth is 49 times the size of the moon (是月球大小的49倍).4) The landlord want to raise the rent by a third (想將租金提高三分之一). 5) They plan to double their vestment(計

4、劃將投資增加一倍).二、時態(tài) 1) Be quick, or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church (否則等我們到達教堂時婚禮就已經(jīng)結(jié)束了). 2) When she got home, the children had fallen asleep (孩子們已經(jīng)睡著了). 3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, my sister will be taking he vacation at the seaside(我姐姐將在海邊度假)

5、. 4) I have been revising my resume all the morning (一上午都在修改我的簡歷). 5) Do you often go on holiday? No, it has been five years since I went on holiday(不，我已經(jīng)有五年沒有度假了). 6) He joined the army in October, 2001. He has been in the army for 5 years (他參軍已五年了). 三、被動語態(tài)1) The blackboard and chalk is being repla

6、ced by the computer and projector(正在被電腦和投影機所取代).2) The book will have been published by the end of this year(到今年年底就將已出版). 3) Computer models can be used to demonstrate the way that the cells work (可以用來演示細胞工作的方式). 4) When the bill of fare was brought, I was startled, for the price ware a great deal h

7、igher than I had anticipated (我驚呆了，價格大大超出了我的預料). 5) Effective measures must be taken immediately(必須立即采取有效措施)to eliminate sandy storms.四、情態(tài)動詞1) The phone is ringing, but there is no answer. She cant be at home (但是沒人接聽。她一定不在家).2) I cant find my sunglasses. I may have left them in the coffer shop yeste

8、rday (我可能昨天落在咖啡店里了).3) You screamed in your sleep last night. You must have dreamed of something terrible (你一定夢見什么可怕的東西了). 4) Its a pity. You should have invited her to your graduation ceremony (你本應該邀請她來參加你的畢業(yè)典禮的). 5)I need not have put on my best suit to do to the party (其實我沒必要穿上我最好的套裝去參加那次聚會的); mo

9、st of the guests were wearing jeans and sweaters.五、虛擬語氣1) I wish I had had your opportunities when I was young(我年輕的時候有你們這樣的機會). 2) If only he had known this disease is curable (他知道這病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed himself.3) Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars? Id rather h

10、e _(漆成藍色的，而且不帶任何裝飾). 4) Its high time that _(采取措施解決交通堵塞的問題). 5) Hugh usually talks _(仿佛在大會上發(fā)表演說似的). 6) We insist that _(讓杰克立刻進醫(yī)院).7) It was advised that _(在居民區(qū)設(shè)立更多的流動商店). 8) His proposal was that _(他們成立一個專門委員會來檢查這個問題). 9) We are going to discuss his suggestion that _(取消期中考試). 10) It is ridiculous th

11、at _(我們在一個總是下雨的國家還缺水).11) It is essential that _(每個人都為緊急情況做好準備). 12) _(如果他按照我告訴他的辦法訂票), we would have had quite a comfortable journey.13) I was to have made a speech _(要不是有人把我的話打斷了).14) It didnt rain last night. _(要是下了，地就會濕的). 15) _(如果我一直住在紐約), I would know the U.S. well now.16) If the doctor had no

12、t come in time, _(他現(xiàn)在就不在人間了). 17) But for his help, _(我們就不會以這么低的價格租到房子了). 18) I used my calculator; _(否則，我會花更長的時間才能算出這道題).19) Were I in your place, I would seize the opportunity without hesitation (我會毫不猶豫地抓住機會). 20) Had it not been for their opposition, _(這項法案早就通過了). 21) Should there be another worl

13、d war, the continued existence of the human race would be in danger (人類的繼續(xù)存在就會有危險). 22) He walked lightly lest he should awaken the baby (以免驚醒嬰兒).三、漢譯英專項練習答案及解析一、倍數(shù)增減的表示法1) is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 （考點：倍數(shù) + 形容詞/副詞比較級 + than） 2) reacts three times as fast as the other one （考點：倍數(shù) + as + 形容詞/

14、副詞 + as） 3) is 49 times the size of the moon （考點：倍數(shù) + 名詞） 4) wants to raise the rent by a third （考點：動詞 + by + 數(shù)詞/百分比/倍數(shù)） 5) plan to double their investment （考點：double + 名詞） 二、時態(tài) 1) or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church （考點：將來完成時）2) the children had fallen asleep （考點：過去完成

15、時）3) my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside （考點：將來進行時） 4) have been revising my resume all the morning （考點：現(xiàn)在完成進行時） 5) No. It has been five years since I went on holiday （考點：It has been since sb. did sth. 表示某人有多長時間沒有做某事了） 6) He has been in the army for 5 years （考點：1. 現(xiàn)在完成時；2.要用持續(xù)性動詞才能接

16、一段時間） 三、被動語態(tài)1) is being replaced by the computer and the projector （考點：被動語態(tài)的現(xiàn)在進行時） 2) will have been published by the end of this year （考點：被動語態(tài)的將來完成時） 3) can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work （考點：1. 被動語態(tài)與情態(tài)動詞聯(lián)用; 2. 漢語有些沒有“被”字等標志詞的句子也表示被動, 要譯成英語的被動語態(tài)） 4) I was startled, for the prices we

17、re a great deal higher than I had anticipated （考點：同“3”的考點2） 5) Effective measures must be taken immediately （考點：漢語的無主句通常翻譯成英語的被動語態(tài)） 四、情態(tài)動詞1) but there is no answer. She cant be at home （考點：情態(tài)動詞可以表示可能性，cant 表示“一定不”） 2) I may have left them in the coffee shop yesterday （考點：“情態(tài)動詞can/could, may/might, m

18、ust + 完成式”用于表示對過去發(fā)生的動作的主觀判斷） 3) You must have dreamed of something terrible （考點：同上） 4) You should have invited her to your graduation ceremony （考點：“情態(tài)動詞should/ought to + have done” 用于評論過去應該做而實際并未做的動作，含有批評的意思） 5) I neednt have put on my best suit to go to the party （考點：“情態(tài)動詞neednt + have + done”表示對過去

19、發(fā)生的動作進行評論，認為“無須發(fā)生”，“不必做”） 五、虛擬語氣1) I had had your opportunities when I was young （考點：I wish后的that從句中用過去完成式表示過去沒有實現(xiàn)或不可能實現(xiàn)的愿望）2) he had known this disease is curable （考點：If only 引導的感嘆句表示“但愿”或“要是就好了”，用法與 I wish基本相同） 3) painted it blue, and without any decorations （考點：would rather 后的that從句中用過去式表示不是事實） 4

20、) measures were taken to solve the problem of traffic jams （考點：Its (about/high) time 后的that從句中用過去式，表示“該是的時候了”）5) as though he were delivering a speech at an assembly（考點：as if / as though引導的從句中用過去式表示和現(xiàn)在事實相反或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在情況有所懷疑） 6) Jack (should) be sent to hospital right now（考點：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的動詞所接的賓語從句通常用“(tha

21、t) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式） 7) more mobile shops (should) be set up in the residential area（考點：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的動詞所接的主語從句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式） 8) they (should) set up a special board/committee to examine this problem（考點：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的名詞所接的表語從句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式）9) the mid-te

22、rm exams (should) be canceled （考點：表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的名詞所接的同位語從句通常用“(that) sb. (should) do”的虛擬形式）表示“建議、命令、要求、想法”的動詞及其名詞常見的有：advise (advice), agree (agreement), decide (decision), decree, demand, determine (determination), grant, indicate (indication), insist (insistence), order, prefer (preference), pro

23、pose (proposal), request, require (requirement), resolve (resolution), stipulate (stipulation), suggest(suggestion), urge, vote;常見的這類動詞還有：allow, arrange, ask, beg, concede, demonstrate, ensure, intend, move, pledge, pray等10) we (should) be short of water in a country where it is always raining（考點：在I

24、t is/was +形容詞后的that從句中常用“sb. should do”的形式表示建議驚奇等。這類形容詞常見的有：advisable, anxious, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, desirable, eager, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, improper, natural, necessary, obligatory, preferable, proper, urgent, vital, willing等） 11) everyone (should) be p

25、repared for emergency （考點：同上） 12) If he had booked tickets in the way I told him（考點：在非真實條件句中用過去完成式表示與過去的事實相反） 13) if I had not been interrupted （考點：同上） 14) If it had rained, the ground would be wet（考點：在非真實條件句中，當主句與從句表示的動作不是同時發(fā)生時，就根據(jù)情況用適當?shù)闹^語動詞形式） 15) If I had been living in New York（考點：同上） 16) he wou

26、ld be dead now（考點：同上） 17) we could not have rent a house at such a low price（考點：but for經(jīng)常作為非真實條件句中if的代用語） 18) otherwise, it would have taken me more time to work out this question（考點：otherwise也經(jīng)常作為非真實條件句中if的代用語） 19) I would seize the opportunity without hesitation （考點：在非真實條件句中如果有were, had, should這三個

27、詞，可以省去if，采用主謂語倒裝的形式來表示條件） 20) this act would have been passed much earlier（考點：同上） 21) the continued existence of the human race would be in jeopardy（考點：同上） 22) lest he should awaken the baby（考點：lest (以免)引導的從句通常用sb. should do的形式表示虛擬）六、不定式1) to complete a 24-story building in 10 months （考點：不定式作主語時常用it

28、作形式主語放在句首代替不定式，而將不定式移到謂語后面） 2) for us to have a good nights sleep before the test（考點：有時用“介詞for + 代詞/名詞”來表示不定式的邏輯主語，這時整句的謂語描述的對象是事情，這種情況下謂語中常用的形容詞有：necessary, important, possible, impossible, all right, essential等） 3) of you to donate so much money to the people in the disaster area（考點：有時用“介詞of + 代詞/

29、名詞”來表示不定式的邏輯主語，這時整句的謂語描述的對象是人，這種情況下謂語中常用的形容詞有：absurd, bold, brave, careful, careless, cowardly, cruel, foolish, generous, good, honest, kind, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, thoughtful, thoughtless, wicked, wise, wrong等） 4) not to punish those students who had been late for class（考點：1. 用

30、不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作decide的賓語；2.不定式的否定形式是在to前加not）（能帶不定式作賓語的動詞常見的有：afford, agree, ask, attempt, beg, begin, bother, care, choose, claim, consent, decide, demand, desire, dislike, endeavor, expect, fail, fear, forget, happen, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, love, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan

31、, pledge, prefer, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, resolve, start, threaten, undertake, venture, volunteer, vow, want, wish） 5) whether to visit their son in France（考點：“疑問詞+不定式”作動詞wonder的賓語。能以這種結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語的動詞通常有ask, consider, decide, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, reme

32、mber, see, tell, understand, wonder等） 6) warned me just now not to water flowers at noon（考點：不定式作賓語補語） 7) invited him to give us a lecture on modern art（考點：同上）（能帶不定式結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語補語的動詞有advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, challenge, command, compel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, feel, find, force, get, hat

33、e, have, hear, help, inform invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish等。注：劃線的動詞后面的不定式不帶to） 8) to be the chairman of students union in so large a university（考點：動詞

34、 + it + 形容詞/名詞 + 不定式。it是形式賓語，不定式是真正賓語） 9) to apply what we have learned in class to practice（考點：不定式作定語）（不定式常用作以下名詞/代詞的定語：ability, ambition, anything, attempt, capability, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise,

35、 reason, right, something, tendency, time, way, wish等） 10) ruined our plan to show the film in the open air （考點：同上） 11) the decision to build a nuclear power station in the suburbs （考點：同上） 12) American woman to explore the outer space（考點：由only, last, next，序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾的名詞常用不定式作定語） 13) only to drop it

36、 on their own feet（考點：不定式作結(jié)果狀語） 14) to meet a high school classmate in the mountain village （考點：不定式作原因狀語） 15) to have taken up so much of your time（考點：1. 不定式作原因狀語；2. 不定式的完成時） 16) to be standing in the doorway when he rushed in （考點：不定式的進行式） 17) to be treated as a guest（考點：不定式的被動形式） 18) go to the camp

37、us bookstore to buy used books （考點：不帶to的不定式） 19) but play bridge the whole day（考點：同上）20) to wipe our feet on the mat before going into the room （考點：當動詞see, make, hear等用于被動語態(tài)時，不定式要保留to）七、分詞1) “Happy birthday to you” sung in Italian（考點：分詞作賓語補語）（catch, discover, feel, find, get, have, hear, keep, leave, make, notice, see, watch等動詞常用分詞形式作賓語補語）2) parked in the fire lane（考點：分詞作定語）3) killing thousands upon thousands of people（考點：分詞作結(jié)果狀語） 4) raising the average yield by 15 percent （考點：同上）5) trying to deduce its operating principle（考