畫(huà)石整理--初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)

1、2021/8/141時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)一、定義：一、定義： 在英語(yǔ)中，在英語(yǔ)中， 發(fā)生的發(fā)生的動(dòng)作要用不同的動(dòng)詞形式來(lái)表動(dòng)作要用不同的動(dòng)詞形式來(lái)表 示，這每一種不同的形式就叫做時(shí)態(tài)。示，這每一種不同的形式就叫做時(shí)態(tài)。不同時(shí)間不同時(shí)間2021/8/142二、時(shí)態(tài)的種類(lèi)：常見(jiàn)的時(shí)態(tài)的種類(lèi)：常見(jiàn)的8種時(shí)態(tài)種時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)2021/8/143概念概念： 常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) ：構(gòu)成形式構(gòu)成形式 ： 1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)( The Simple

2、Present Tense)表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。狀態(tài)。 do / does(三單三單)every day, always, usually, often, sometimes, on Sundays, three times a day , etc2021/8/144我一到達(dá)那兒，就會(huì)給你寫(xiě)信。我一到達(dá)那兒，就會(huì)給你寫(xiě)信。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的注意點(diǎn)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的注意點(diǎn):1 、表客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理、表客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理The earth _ (go) round the sun .2 、 在在when ,as soon as, until, after, be

3、fore等到引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和等到引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和if 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中從句中, 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái). If it doesnt rain tomorrow, well go on a picnic .如果明天不下雨，我們將去野營(yíng)。如果明天不下雨，我們將去野營(yíng)。Ill write to you as soon as I get there .2021/8/145Exercise Who _(dance) best in your class? 2. Students usually _(have) ten minutes rest between

4、two classes. 2021/8/146概念概念： 常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) ：構(gòu)成形式構(gòu)成形式 ： 2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)(The Simple Past Tense)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng) 作或存在的狀態(tài)作或存在的狀態(tài)V+edyesterday, just now, last , this morning, ago, etc2021/8/147一般過(guò)去時(shí)的注意點(diǎn)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的注意點(diǎn):1、當(dāng)沒(méi)有明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)、當(dāng)沒(méi)有明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí),描描述幾個(gè)相繼發(fā)生過(guò)的動(dòng)作述幾個(gè)相繼發(fā)生過(guò)的動(dòng)作I always got up too late , washed my

5、 face , had a quick breakfast and hurried to school .2、since從句中常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)從句中常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)You havent changed much since we last _(meet) .2021/8/148Exercise 1.I _(find) my ruler in my desk .2.We and _(see) lots of birds _(fly) over the trees.five minutes agolooked up2021/8/149概念概念： 常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) ：構(gòu)成形式構(gòu)成形式 ： 表示將

6、來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)在的狀態(tài)tomorrow, in three days，this, next, soon, etc. 1. will/shall+do 2. am/is/are going to+do3. am/is/are + doing 3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)(The Simple Future Tense)2021/8/1410Look at the dark clouds, it _rain.Tomorrow _ be April Fools Day.一般將來(lái)時(shí)的注意點(diǎn)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的注意點(diǎn):2021/8/1411Exercise T

7、he radio says that it _(be) sunny tomorrow.2021/8/14124. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)( The Present Continuous Tense )概念概念： 常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) ：表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作構(gòu)成形式構(gòu)成形式 ： 2021/8/1413現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的注意點(diǎn)的注意點(diǎn): 2021/8/14141.- Hi , Mary . Where is your father?- Look, He _his car over there. washes B. is washing A.C. w

8、ill wash D. has been washedExercise 2021/8/1415概念概念： 常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) ：構(gòu)成形式構(gòu)成形式 ： 5. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)(The Past Continuous Tense)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。was/were+doingat this time yesterday, from seven to nine last night, at that moment, etc.2021/8/1416過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的注意點(diǎn)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的注意點(diǎn):在在when , while引導(dǎo)的

9、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中中, 表示主從句中兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生表示主從句中兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)時(shí), 用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示 .1. When my father got home, I _ a letter to my friend. (2008寧波中考寧波中考) write B. am writing A.C. wrote D. was writing2. _Jim was making a paper plane , his brother was doing homework.While較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作2021/8/14171.- Why didnt you come a

10、nd open the door for me, dear?- Sorry, Jack. I _ in the kitchen and didnt hear you. was cooking B. am cooking A.C. wave cooked D. will cookExercise 2021/8/1418概念概念： 常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) ：構(gòu)成形式構(gòu)成形式 ： 6. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)(The Present Perfect Tense)發(fā)生在過(guò)去且對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響發(fā)生在過(guò)去且對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響 的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作,強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響.have /has +doneal

11、ready, yet, never,ever, just, before,once,twice, etcfor, since, so far, in the past few years, by now, etc2021/8/1419現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的注意點(diǎn)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的注意點(diǎn):1. have been to , have been in 和和 have gone to 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 2. 短暫性動(dòng)詞和持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞短暫性動(dòng)詞和持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 1).Tom _never_ to America2).- Is Tina at home? - Sorry, she _ Shanxi, and she _there

12、 for three days.2021/8/1420譯下列句子：譯下列句子：、這本書(shū)他買(mǎi)了一年了、這本書(shū)他買(mǎi)了一年了 4、 這本書(shū)他借了三天了。這本書(shū)他借了三天了。 5、我們離開(kāi)廣州六年了。、我們離開(kāi)廣州六年了。He has bought this book for a year .He has had this book for a year .He has borrowed the pen for three days .He has kept the book for 3 days .We Guangzhou for 6 years . We Guangzhou for 6 years

13、 .短暫性動(dòng)詞不能跟表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)短暫性動(dòng)詞不能跟表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用連用, 必須轉(zhuǎn)變成持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞必須轉(zhuǎn)變成持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞2021/8/14213.常見(jiàn)句型常見(jiàn)句型主句主句(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))+since 從句從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)).It is +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間+ since 從句從句(一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)).It is three days since they borrowed that book.They have kept that book for three days.2021/8/1422Exercise 1. He _(finish) writing the bo

14、ok, hasnt he? 2. - You seem to know much about the city. - Thats true. I _ it three times. A. visited B. had visited C. have visited D. will visit2021/8/1423概念概念： 常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) ：構(gòu)成形式構(gòu)成形式 ： 7.7.過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí): (The Past PerfectTense): (The Past PerfectTense) had doneby the end of last year, by, before +by

15、 the end of last year, by, before +過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)；由過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)；由when,before,after, by when,before,after, by the timethe time等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)叢句中，表示主句的等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)叢句中，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句之前。動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句之前。表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻前已完成的表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻前已完成的動(dòng)作。也稱(chēng)動(dòng)作。也稱(chēng)“過(guò)去的過(guò)去過(guò)去的過(guò)去”2021/8/1424過(guò)去完成時(shí)的注意點(diǎn)過(guò)去完成時(shí)的注意點(diǎn):用于用于賓詞從句賓詞從句中，當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中，當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí),一定要注意賓語(yǔ)從句一定要

16、注意賓語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)變化。中的時(shí)態(tài)變化。He said that he _the film many times.had seen2021/8/1425Exercise She told me that she_ (have) this bike for three years.2021/8/1426二、時(shí)態(tài)的種類(lèi)：初中常見(jiàn)的時(shí)態(tài)的種類(lèi)：初中常見(jiàn)的8種時(shí)態(tài)種時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)2021/8/1427Exercise 1.The volleyba

17、ll match will be put off if it . A . will rain B. rains C .rained D. is raining 2.-Do you want to see the film “Harry Potter ”? -The film “Harry Potter ”? I _ it . Its very wonderful. A.see B.have seen C.was seeing D.has seen3.The boy _(not swim) in the river yet.2021/8/14285.-Where is Liu Mei? - She_(go) home.4.- Where is your father?- He _ (watch) TV in the room.7.He asked what time they_(do) at eight last night.8.I know that he _(join) the army since 1985. 6.We dont know if it _(rain) tomorrow. If it _ (rain) tomorrow, well not go for a picnic.2021/8/1429