選修六UnitGlobalwarmingPPT學(xué)習(xí)教案

1、會計學(xué)1第1頁/共112頁第2頁/共112頁Energy sources?International relations? Money?Technology? Which is the most important to a country? Man power?第3頁/共112頁energy sources We depend on energy to do many things in our daily lives. For example, energy lights our cities and heats our buildings. Make a list of things t

2、hat use energy in your home, in your school, or any other places you can think of. 第4頁/共112頁stove light things that use energy in your home micro-wave oven cassette player heating television hairdryer video player fridge computer washing machine stove第5頁/共112頁Wind energy is used as power to produce

3、electricity . Windmills第6頁/共112頁where electricity is produced by burning coals.The coal power stations第7頁/共112頁in which oil is refined and made pure. The Oil Refineries第8頁/共112頁a facility designed to convert nuclear energy into electricity.A nuclear power plant第9頁/共112頁 on the roof of a house on a b

4、right sunny day are used to collect solar energy, making your house warm or heating your water.Solar panels第10頁/共112頁are used to keep back water and raise its level for irrigation or for producing electricity, etc.The Hydro-electric dams第11頁/共112頁 Discussion第12頁/共112頁Fossil fuels Non-renewable第13頁/共

5、112頁Renewable第14頁/共112頁第15頁/共112頁What are these buildings made of and what is their purpose? They are made of glass and plants can grow in it when it is cold outside.第16頁/共112頁How does it work?The glass traps the heat from the sun, making the air warm so that plants can grow better.第17頁/共112頁Greenho

6、use gases perform the same function as the glass in a greenhouse - They trap the heat of the sun and keep the air surrounding the earth warm.It is called the greenhouse effect.第18頁/共112頁The Earth Is The Earth Is Becoming Warmer Becoming Warmer But Does It But Does It Matter?Matter?第19頁/共112頁Translat

7、e the following words into English: 第20頁/共112頁Translate the following words into English: 第21頁/共112頁Fast ReadingScanning1.Who wrote the magazine article? What is the name of the magazine?2.What are the names of the three scientists mentioned in the article?3.What are the two graphs about?第22頁/共112頁S

8、ophie Armstrong wrote the magazine article. The name of the magazine is “Earth care”.2.What are the names of the three scientists mentioned in the article?They are Dr. Janice Foster, Charles Keeling and George Hambley.1.Who wrote the magazine article? What is the name of the magazine?第23頁/共112頁3.Wha

9、t are the two graphs about?Graph 1 shows the temperature increase of one degree Fahrenheit between 1860 to 2000.Graph 2 shows the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.Graph 1:Graph 2:第24頁/共112頁A. The earth. B. Global warming. C. Becoming warmer doesnt matter. 第25頁/共112頁Detailed

10、-Reading Read the article in details and finish the following task.第26頁/共112頁1.The temperature last century didnt increase much.2.Everyone believes that global warming is caused by the activities of humans.3.Janice Foster believes that she can measure the future global rise in temperature.4.Natural

11、gas is a greenhouse gas.5.Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of burning fossil fuels.Tell true or false.TTFTT第27頁/共112頁1. matter 要緊、有關(guān)系，要緊、有關(guān)系，= be importantIt doesnt matter if I miss the train because theres another one in ten minutes.It is what you do rather than what you say that matters. Language poi

12、nts 第28頁/共112頁2. It is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes. compare vt. 1)比較比較; 對照對照 comparewith表示表示“把把與與相比相比(同類相比同類相比)” 如：如： Compared to/with many women, she was indeed very fortunate.第29頁/共112頁2) 喻為喻為; 比擬比擬compareto 表示表示“把把比做比做(異類異類相比相比, 比喻比喻)” 如：如： My handwriting can not be co

13、mpared with my fathers.我的書法不能與我父親的相比。我的書法不能與我父親的相比。Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亞把人世比做舞臺。莎士比亞把人世比做舞臺。第30頁/共112頁第31頁/共112頁come about: 發(fā)生發(fā)生, 造成造成, 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于happen你能告訴我事情是怎么發(fā)生的嗎？你能告訴我事情是怎么發(fā)生的嗎？ Can you tell me how the accident came about?隨著電的使用隨著電的使用, 種種大變化發(fā)生了。種種大變化發(fā)生了。With the use of ele

14、ctricity, great changes have come about. come out 出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn); 出版出版come up 出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn); 被提出被提出3. So how has this come about and does it matter?第32頁/共112頁come aboutcome acrosscome roundcome into beingcome into effectcome outcome down to earth發(fā)生發(fā)生偶然遇到偶然遇到繞道而來繞道而來, 蘇醒蘇醒出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn), 形成形成開始生效開始生效出現(xiàn)出現(xiàn); 出版出版; 顯出顯出回到現(xiàn)實中來回到現(xiàn)實中來第

15、33頁/共112頁D第34頁/共112頁4. There is no doubt that.doubt 1) 作不可數(shù)名詞作不可數(shù)名詞, 作作“疑惑疑惑; 懷疑懷疑”肯定句中肯定句中doubt多接多接whether (一般不用一般不用if代替代替) 同位語從句。同位語從句。否定句中否定句中doubt多接多接that同位語從句。如同位語從句。如: Theres some doubt _ hell keep his promise. She had her doubt _ the new book would sell well. whetherwhether第35頁/共112頁There is

16、no doubt _ they will ask you for help. I have no doubt _ you will succeed. 2)作及物動詞常用于下列句型中作及物動詞常用于下列句型中, 作作“懷疑懷疑;不能肯定不能肯定; 不大相信不大相信”解解, 一般不用進行時態(tài)。一般不用進行時態(tài)。thatthat第36頁/共112頁用于否定句或疑問句用于否定句或疑問句, 后接后接that引導(dǎo)的賓語引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。從句。用于肯定句用于肯定句, 一般接一般接whether 或或if引導(dǎo)的賓語引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。從句。 如如: I dont doubt _ he is telling the

17、truth. 我毫不懷疑他在講真話。我毫不懷疑他在講真話。 Do you doubt _ he will win the match? 你懷疑他會贏這場比賽嗎你懷疑他會贏這場比賽嗎? I doubt _ we will make a profit out of it. 我認為我們不可能從此事中獲利。我認為我們不可能從此事中獲利。 We doubt _ she will be persuaded. 我們不知道她會不會被說服。我們不知道她會不會被說服。 whether/ifwhether/ifthatthat第37頁/共112頁4. subscribe to1) 同意同意; 支持支持I dont

18、subscribe to such views. 我不同意這樣的觀點。我不同意這樣的觀點。 2) 對對.捐款捐款Many people subscribed liberally to the relief fund. 許多人為救災(zāi)基金慷慨解囊。許多人為救災(zāi)基金慷慨解囊。 3) 訂閱訂閱(書籍等書籍等)He subscribed to Readers Digest.他訂閱他訂閱讀者文摘讀者文摘。第38頁/共112頁5. Without the green house effect, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius coo

19、ler than it is. 如果沒有溫室效應(yīng)如果沒有溫室效應(yīng), 地球會比現(xiàn)在冷地球會比現(xiàn)在冷33。 這是一個含蓄虛擬條件句。這是一個含蓄虛擬條件句。 有時假設(shè)的情況并不以條件從句形式表示有時假設(shè)的情況并不以條件從句形式表示 出來出來, 而是通過一個介詞短語或其他方式而是通過一個介詞短語或其他方式 表示。常用的詞或短語有表示。常用的詞或短語有: without, but for, otherwise, or, but等。等。 第39頁/共112頁e.g. Without your help ( = If we had not had your help), we could not have

20、 succeeded要是沒有你的幫助要是沒有你的幫助, 我們是不會成功的。我們是不會成功的。He felt very tired yesterday, or he wouldhave attended the party他昨天很累他昨天很累, 不然他就參加那個聚會了不然他就參加那個聚會了。第40頁/共112頁6. quantity n. 數(shù)量數(shù)量; 量量1)“a large/small quantity of +不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”表示表示“大量的大量的/少量的少量的”, 當(dāng)它修飾名詞作主語時當(dāng)它修飾名詞作主語時, 謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單數(shù)單數(shù)2)“l(fā)arge/s

21、mall quantities of +不可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”,但謂語動詞用但謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)。 Large quantities of cotton have been shipped all over the world already.A large quantity of bamboo is used for pipes to carry water. 第41頁/共112頁 可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞和和不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞均可修飾：均可修飾：lots of = a lot of a quantity of = quantities of a mass of = m

22、asses of , plenty of只修飾只修飾可數(shù)名詞：可數(shù)名詞：many, a great/large number of = large numbers of, a good/great many, scores of, dozens of只修飾只修飾不可數(shù)名詞：不可數(shù)名詞：much, a great/large amount ofa great/good deal of第42頁/共112頁注意：注意：amounts of + 不可數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞充當(dāng)句子名詞充當(dāng)句子的主語時的主語時, 其謂語動詞用其謂語動詞用復(fù)復(fù)數(shù)。數(shù)。an amount of + 不可數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞充當(dāng)句子名詞充當(dāng)句子

23、的主語時的主語時,其謂語動詞用其謂語動詞用單單數(shù)。數(shù)。第43頁/共112頁7. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.二氧化碳量的增加意味著更多的熱能滯留在二氧化碳量的增加意味著更多的熱能滯留在大氣中，結(jié)果造成地球溫度的上升。大氣中，結(jié)果造成地球溫度的上升。主句是主句是 “It means”; that 引導(dǎo)的是賓語從引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，其中的分詞短語句，其中的分詞短語 “causing the global temp

24、erature to go up”作結(jié)果狀語。作結(jié)果狀語。第44頁/共112頁 tend vi.傾向；易于；照顧傾向；易于；照顧 vt.照顧；護理照顧；護理1)tend to/toward sth. 有有的趨勢；傾向于的趨勢；傾向于 tend (to) 照顧照顧 2)tendency n.傾向傾向 a tendency to/towards sth的傾向，趨勢的傾向，趨勢 have a tendency to do sth. 傾向于做某事，傾向于做某事， 往往會做某事往往會做某事Eg. My grandmother tends to go to bed early every day. He

25、has a tendency to forget things.第45頁/共112頁go up 1) 上升上升Prices have gone up again. 物價又上漲了。物價又上漲了。 2) 被建造起來被建造起來New factories are going up everywhere. 到處在興建新工廠。到處在興建新工廠。 第46頁/共112頁 result in 產(chǎn)生，導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)生，導(dǎo)致 （lead to, cause sth to happen) result from 由由引起，產(chǎn)生引起，產(chǎn)生 ( lie in, occur, as a result of/because of )

26、The accident resulted _ the drivers carelessness, which resulted _ the death of two passengers.fromin8.第47頁/共112頁1.The experiment _ the discovery of a cure for cancer. A. resulted in B. lead to C. resulted from D. was caused by2. He slipped and broke his leg. _, he will have to be away from school f

27、or two or three months. A. Resulting in B. With the result that C. As a result D. The result is that第48頁/共112頁第49頁/共112頁10. On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view, believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.在另一方面在另一方

28、面, 還有一些人還有一些人, 對這一觀點對這一觀點持反對態(tài)度持反對態(tài)度, 像科學(xué)家喬治像科學(xué)家喬治 漢布利漢布利, 他們認為我們不必擔(dān)心空氣中高含量他們認為我們不必擔(dān)心空氣中高含量的二氧化碳。的二氧化碳。第50頁/共112頁on the other hand: 另一方面另一方面Id like to eat out, but on the other hand I should be trying to save money.I want to go to the party, but on the other hand I ought to be studying. 我想去參加聚會我想去參加聚

29、會, 但從另一方面來說但從另一方面來說, 我應(yīng)該留下來學(xué)習(xí)。我應(yīng)該留下來學(xué)習(xí)。第51頁/共112頁oppose vt. 反對反對; 反抗反抗 如：如：be opposed to sth./doing sth. 反對某事反對某事/做某事做某事I am opposed to going shopping with others.我反對與他人一起外出購物。我反對與他人一起外出購物。He is strongly opposed to the plan.他強烈反對這一計劃。他強烈反對這一計劃。oppose sth./doing sth. 反對某事反對某事/做某事做某事oppose后若接動詞后若接動詞,

30、則用其動名詞形式，則用其動名詞形式，而不用動詞不定式。而不用動詞不定式。The young man opposed/objected to turning to his parents for help.第52頁/共112頁 It rained yesterday and in consequence the match was canceled. He studied hard, and in consequence he passed the exam.第53頁/共112頁 +n.12. state +that從句從句 +wh-從句；從句；他已公開聲明他會支持那項政策。他已公開聲明他會支持

31、那項政策。He has publicly _ _ _ for the policy.stated his support我聽見那位官員說不接納兒童。我聽見那位官員說不接納兒童。I heard the official state that they would not accept children.合同清楚地敘述了那項工作應(yīng)在何時完成。合同清楚地敘述了那項工作應(yīng)在何時完成。The contract stated when the work should be finished.v. 陳述陳述, 聲明；聲明； n. 狀況狀況, 情況情況; 國家；國家；第54頁/共112頁13. Range n

32、. 范圍，種類范圍，種類1）beyond the range of 超越超越的范圍的范圍 out of ones range 某人達不到的某人達不到的 in/ within range 在在范圍內(nèi)范圍內(nèi) a wide range of 一系列一系列 a full range of 各種各種 這家商店商品品種多。這家商店商品品種多。 The shop keeps _.a wide range of goods第55頁/共112頁 2)range from to 在什么范圍內(nèi)變動在什么范圍內(nèi)變動 range betweenand 在什么和什么范圍內(nèi)變動在什么和什么范圍內(nèi)變動溫度在溫度在15度到度到

33、35度之間。度之間。The temperature _.ranges from 15 to 35 degrees第56頁/共112頁第57頁/共112頁15. even if /though: 即使即使; 雖然雖然He will come on time even though it rains. 即使下雨即使下雨, 他還是會準(zhǔn)時來的。他還是會準(zhǔn)時來的。 I wouldnt tell you even if I knew. Even if she survives, shell never fully recover.Even though hes 24 now, hes still like

34、 a little child.I can still remember, even though it was so long ago.第58頁/共112頁第59頁/共112頁第60頁/共112頁Discovering useful Discovering useful words and words and expressionsexpressions第61頁/共112頁1第62頁/共112頁Possible meaningsword Which used1 n. a general tendency in the way a situation is changing2 v. to st

35、art doing something that everyone copiestrend11 v. to make something (especially something bad) increase2 n. a substance that can be burned to make heat or energyfuel2第63頁/共112頁1 n. the physical or mental condition of someone2 v. to formally say or write some information or an opinionstate21 v. to u

36、se time, energy, goods, etc2 v. (formal) to eat or drink somethingconsume11 v. to look quickly at someone or something2 v. to read something very quicklyglance2第64頁/共112頁2第65頁/共112頁datakept on第66頁/共112頁quantitiesrun outbuild upcatastrophe第67頁/共112頁come about5. The _ of a rising sea level would be wi

37、despread flooding.consequence第68頁/共112頁phenomenongraphper第69頁/共112頁even if10. The Car accident on the main road yesterday _ one drivers death.resulted in第70頁/共112頁Discovering useful Discovering useful structuresstructures第71頁/共112頁1.1.it it 作人稱代詞作人稱代詞, ,主要指剛提到的事物，主要指剛提到的事物，以避免重復(fù)以避免重復(fù); ; 也可以指動物或嬰兒也可以

38、指動物或嬰兒. .2.2.i it t作非人稱代詞，有時并不指具體的東作非人稱代詞，有時并不指具體的東西，而泛指天氣、時間、日期、距離等西，而泛指天氣、時間、日期、距離等. .Review the use of “it” (1)3.3.用以代替指示代詞用以代替指示代詞this, thatthis, that4. it 作形式主語，而真正的主語是動詞不作形式主語，而真正的主語是動詞不定式、動名詞或從句。定式、動名詞或從句。5. it 作形式賓語，而真正的賓語是動詞不作形式賓語，而真正的賓語是動詞不定式、動名詞或從句。定式、動名詞或從句。第72頁/共112頁The use of “it” (2)T

39、he Use of “it” for Emphasis第73頁/共112頁Compare the two sentences below. 1.Human activity has caused this global warming.2. It is human activity that has caused this global warming.“It” has been used in the second sentence to give extra importance to “human activity”.第74頁/共112頁一一. 陳述句的強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)陳述句的強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)

40、: 1. Tom ate an egg at home this morning . 強調(diào)主語：強調(diào)主語： It was Tom that / who ate an egg at home this morning .強調(diào)賓語：強調(diào)賓語： It was an egg that Tom ate at home this morning . 第75頁/共112頁強調(diào)時間狀語：強調(diào)時間狀語： It was this morning that Tom ate an egg at home.強調(diào)地點狀語：強調(diào)地點狀語：It was at home that Tom ate an egg this mor

41、ning .1. Tom ate an egg at home this morning .第76頁/共112頁Conclusion: 陳述句的強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)陳述句的強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu) : It is /was+ 被強調(diào)成分被強調(diào)成分 (主語主語/賓語賓語/狀語等狀語等) +that/who+句子的其他成分。句子的其他成分。（it在這種句型中本身無實際意義）在這種句型中本身無實際意義）Notice：1. 除除謂語動詞謂語動詞以外的成分都可用于強調(diào)句以外的成分都可用于強調(diào)句中中;2. 如原句時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，則如原句時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，則be 用用 is, 如原句時態(tài)為過去時如原句時態(tài)為過去時,則

42、則 be用用 was;3. 當(dāng)被強調(diào)部分指人時，既可以用當(dāng)被強調(diào)部分指人時，既可以用that,也也可用可用 who .第77頁/共112頁二二.一般疑問句的強調(diào)句型：一般疑問句的強調(diào)句型：1.It was Tom that / who ate an egg at home this morning . Was it Tom that / who ate an egg at home this morning ?2.It was at home that Tom ate an egg this morning . Was it at home that Tom ate an egg this m

43、orning ?Conclusion:Is / Was +it +被強調(diào)的部分被強調(diào)的部分 + that / who + 其余部分其余部分?第78頁/共112頁三三.特殊疑問句的強調(diào)句型：特殊疑問句的強調(diào)句型：Conclusion:被強調(diào)部分被強調(diào)部分 (通常是疑問代詞或通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞疑問副詞) +is / was + it + that / who +其余部其余部分分?1.It was this morning that Tom ate an egg at home. When was it that Tom ate an egg at home?2.It was at home

44、that Tom ate an egg this morning .Where was it that Tom ate an egg this morning ?第79頁/共112頁not . until 的強調(diào)形式是：的強調(diào)形式是：It is not until + 被強調(diào)部分被強調(diào)部分 + that . ，主要用于強調(diào)，主要用于強調(diào)時間狀語的強調(diào)句型。時間狀語的強調(diào)句型。 He didnt go to bed until his mother came back. It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed.四四. n

45、ot . until 的強調(diào)形式的強調(diào)形式第80頁/共112頁 Notice:注意注意區(qū)別區(qū)別強調(diào)句和定語從句：強調(diào)句和定語從句：判斷是判斷是強調(diào)句還是強調(diào)句還是定語從句定語從句，可把，可把 It is / was that/who去掉去掉，剩余部分在不增減任何，剩余部分在不增減任何詞的情況下可以還原成一個完整的句子，詞的情況下可以還原成一個完整的句子，那么這個句子就是強調(diào)句，否則就是定語那么這個句子就是強調(diào)句，否則就是定語從句。從句。 2.It was 9 oclock I met her father in the street. A. that B. whenAB1.It was at

46、9 oclock I met her father in the street.第81頁/共112頁的強調(diào)方式：的強調(diào)方式：do / does / did + 動詞原形動詞原形（1）我）我的確的確想去北京想去北京。 I want to go to Beijing. I do want to go to Beijing. （2）我昨天）我昨天確實確實買了一支新鋼筆。買了一支新鋼筆。 I bought a new pen yesterday. I did buy a new pen yesterday.的強調(diào)方式的強調(diào)方式第82頁/共112頁第83頁/共112頁第84頁/共112頁5. It lo

47、oks ( seems ) as if . 該句型中該句型中it無意義，無意義， as if 引導(dǎo)一個狀語從句引導(dǎo)一個狀語從句。常譯為，看起來好象如果與事。常譯為，看起來好象如果與事實不相符合，則用虛擬語氣。實不相符合，則用虛擬語氣。 It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）（真的病了） It looks as if he were ill. （沒有生病）（沒有生?。?It seemed as if he were dying. 第85頁/共112頁Tell the function of “it”:1. Its difficult to remember all the

48、ir names.2. Its very quiet in the caf. 3. It rained for three days.4. He made it clear that he didnt want to speak to me.5. It was nice to meet you. 形式主語形式主語, 代替代替CircumstanceWeather形式賓語形式賓語, 代替代替形式主語形式主語, 代替代替第86頁/共112頁6. It was on Tuesday that Smith came.7. Its three miles from here to the nearest

49、 garage.8. A tall man stood up and shook hands. It was captain Lawrie.9. I hear you bought a new bike. Can you show it to me?用于強調(diào)句型中用于強調(diào)句型中Distance人稱代詞人稱代詞, 代表前面提到的人代表前面提到的人人稱代詞人稱代詞, 代表前面提到的物代表前面提到的物第87頁/共112頁10. It was five oclock when we got back home yesterday.11. It was dirty and wet below the s

50、hip where the slaves were kept. 12. It was on this coast that lots of his people disappeared. 13. It was most likely that one third of them had lost their lives.TimeCircumstance用于強調(diào)句型用于強調(diào)句型作引導(dǎo)詞作引導(dǎo)詞, 在句中作形式主語在句中作形式主語, 代替后面的從句代替后面的從句第88頁/共112頁What can we do about global warming?Reading and writing第89頁

51、/共112頁1.Who are the writers of the letters?Ouyang Guang and the editor of Earth Care.Reading第90頁/共112頁1. Whats the purpose of Ouyang Guangs letter? To get some suggestions for what he can do about global warming.Read Ouyangs letter and answer:2. Sometimes he has a commitment, whats it? Individuals c

52、an have little effect on global warming.第91頁/共112頁1. Does Earth Care agree with Ouyang Guangs opinion that individuals can have little effect? No, Earth Care doesnt agree.Read Earth Cares reply and answer:2.What suggestions does Earth Care give him? ( in your own words)第92頁/共112頁2.What suggestions does Earth Care give him?Turn electrical appliances off when not using them. Dont turn up the heat. Put on more clothes. Walk or ride a bike. Dont drive.第93頁/共112頁 Buy products that use less energy.Plant trees. Talk with family