高中英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)---介詞

1、熟讀下列各句熟讀下列各句, 注意介詞的意義和用法。注意介詞的意義和用法。1. I went to Hongkong for two weeks.我我去香港呆了兩個(gè)星期。去香港呆了兩個(gè)星期。2. We dont have classes on Sundays.星期星期天我們不上課。天我們不上課。熟讀深思熟讀深思3.We have known each other since ten years ago. 我們十年前就認(rèn)識(shí)了。我們十年前就認(rèn)識(shí)了。4.You must waithim till tomorrow. 你你必須一直等他到明天。必須一直等他到明天。5.There are all kinds

2、 of beautiful flowers along the street. 沿街有著各種美麗的花。沿街有著各種美麗的花。 6. Korea lies to the east of China.韓韓國(guó)位于中國(guó)的東面。國(guó)位于中國(guó)的東面。7. There are many trees around the village.村子周圍有很多樹圍繞。村子周圍有很多樹圍繞。8. Are you for my idea or against it?你贊同還是反對(duì)我的想法？你贊同還是反對(duì)我的想法？9. I was surprised at the news.聽到這聽到這消息我大吃一驚。消息我大吃一驚。10.

3、 Thanks to John, we won the game.多虧約翰多虧約翰, 我們才贏了這場(chǎng)比賽。我們才贏了這場(chǎng)比賽。11. I went there by bus.我是坐公共汽我是坐公共汽車去的那兒。車去的那兒。12. He broke the window with a stone.他用石頭把窗戶砸壞了。他用石頭把窗戶砸壞了。13. They talk in Japanese.他們用日語(yǔ)他們用日語(yǔ)交談。交談。14. They talked on the telephone.他們他們通過(guò)電話進(jìn)行交談。通過(guò)電話進(jìn)行交談。15. Except Dick, you all can go.除

4、迪除迪克外克外, 你們都可以去。你們都可以去。16.Thirty students went to the park besides him.除他以外除他以外, 還有還有30個(gè)學(xué)生個(gè)學(xué)生去了公園。去了公園。17. He lay there with his eyes looking at the sky.他躺在那兒他躺在那兒, 眼眼睛望著天空。睛望著天空。18. Its a book on the history of Korea.是一本有關(guān)韓國(guó)歷史的書。是一本有關(guān)韓國(guó)歷史的書。1.英語(yǔ)中的介詞很多英語(yǔ)中的介詞很多, 常見的有：常見的有： 表示時(shí)間的表示時(shí)間的at, in, on, by; a

5、fter; before; since; for; during; within; throughout; over; until/till; between等。等。 表示方位的表示方位的into；out of；along；(a)round；down；up；from；off；at；for；to；towards；at；in；on；above；below；among；between；around；inside；outside；before；behind；over；under；beside/by；near；beyond；across；against；across；by/past；over；throu

6、gh等。等。 表示原因的表示原因的because of，owing to, due to，for，with，at(在表示情感變化在表示情感變化后的詞后后的詞后)等。等。 表示方式、方法或手段的表示方式、方法或手段的by; in用用(某某種語(yǔ)言或材料，如墨水等種語(yǔ)言或材料，如墨水等)；with用用(具體具體的工具的工具)；through通過(guò)通過(guò)(實(shí)踐或書本實(shí)踐或書本)等。等。 表示表示“除除外外” 的的except， besides， but， except for， apart from等。等。 表示表示“數(shù)量數(shù)量” 的的about，around(大約大約)，over(超過(guò)超過(guò))等。等。 表示

7、表示“關(guān)于關(guān)于” 的的on， about等。等。 表示表示“所屬所屬” “部分與整體關(guān)系部分與整體關(guān)系” 的的of。 表示表示(增加增加/減少，相差，高出等的減少，相差，高出等的)程度的程度的by。 as(當(dāng)作，作為當(dāng)作，作為)，like(像像.一樣一樣)等。等。(11) 能接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的能接復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的with和和without。(12) 短語(yǔ)中的介詞。如短語(yǔ)中的介詞。如look after， congratulations on，get on with， do well in，have an effect on等。等。2. 介詞后一定要接賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)的通常介詞后一定要接賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)的通常是名詞

8、、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，因此，做語(yǔ)法是名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，因此，做語(yǔ)法填空時(shí)，若空格后是名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名填空時(shí)，若空格后是名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞，且他們不是在句中作主語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞的詞，且他們不是在句中作主語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，這個(gè)格空就很可能是填介詞。賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，這個(gè)格空就很可能是填介詞。然后根據(jù)句子意思和具體語(yǔ)境來(lái)確定填然后根據(jù)句子意思和具體語(yǔ)境來(lái)確定填哪一個(gè)介詞。哪一個(gè)介詞。介詞是語(yǔ)法填空的一個(gè)必考點(diǎn)介詞是語(yǔ)法填空的一個(gè)必考點(diǎn), 請(qǐng)做以下請(qǐng)做以下近年廣東高考語(yǔ)法填空題中與介詞相關(guān)的近年廣東高考語(yǔ)法填空題中與介詞相關(guān)的題吧。題吧。1. I didnt want to be laughed at for talkin

9、g to him but I didnt like leaving him _his own either.介詞與廣東高考介詞與廣東高考因因on ones own (=alone)是固定搭配是固定搭配, 所以所以填填on。 on2. His teacher took a deep drink and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home _a happy heart.名詞名詞a happy heart 在句中不作主語(yǔ)在句中不作主語(yǔ),也不也不作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ), 就應(yīng)是作介詞的賓

10、語(yǔ)就應(yīng)是作介詞的賓語(yǔ), 空空格處應(yīng)填介詞格處應(yīng)填介詞; 由句意可知由句意可知, 是指這個(gè)年是指這個(gè)年輕人輕人“帶著帶著”愉快的心情回家愉快的心情回家, 表示表示“帶帶著著”用用with。with3. Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes _sale.固定搭配固定搭配on sale, 表示表示“出售出售”。on4. When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, he

11、r parents were already _ table having supper.名詞名詞(table)在句中不作主語(yǔ)在句中不作主語(yǔ), 也不作動(dòng)詞也不作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ), 很可能就是作介詞的賓語(yǔ)很可能就是作介詞的賓語(yǔ); 由由having supper可知可知, 填填at; 因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)閍t table表表示示“在餐桌邊在餐桌邊, 在進(jìn)餐在進(jìn)餐”, 也是習(xí)慣搭配。也是習(xí)慣搭配。 at5. Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese peoples daily life. _ these proverb

12、s there are often interesting stories.指指“在這些成語(yǔ)的背后在這些成語(yǔ)的背后”或或“在這些成語(yǔ)在這些成語(yǔ)里里”常常會(huì)有一些有趣的故事常常會(huì)有一些有趣的故事, 表示表示“在在的背后的背后”, 用介詞用介詞behind, 表示表示“在在里里”, 用用In。 Behind/In6. He was very tired _doing this for a whole day.因因“他感到很累他感到很累”應(yīng)是應(yīng)是“在他做了一整在他做了一整天事之后天事之后”, 表示表示“在在之后之后”, 用介詞用介詞after;另外另外be tired from doing表示表示“

13、因因做某事而累做某事而累”，所以也可填，所以也可填from。after/from7.I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honour of receiving me _ a guest in their house.意思是意思是“把我當(dāng)作客人把我當(dāng)作客人”來(lái)接待來(lái)接待, 表表示示“當(dāng)作當(dāng)作, 作為作為”, 用介詞用介詞as。as8. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends

14、 in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman _ the trouble I had caused her.表示表示“因因而酬謝而酬謝/報(bào)答某人報(bào)答某人”是是reward sb. for sth.。for一、單句填空請(qǐng)?zhí)钊胍粋€(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。一、單句填空請(qǐng)?zhí)钊胍粋€(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。1. So, I just looked at her _a questioning expression on my face.靈活運(yùn)用靈活運(yùn)用表示臉上表示臉上“帶著帶著”疑問(wèn)的表情。疑問(wèn)的表情。 with2. During the winter, they remind t

15、hemselves, “This wont last long; well soon be out of here.” And _ the first warm day, the ants are out.表示表示“在在”具體的某一天。具體的某一天。 on.3. He asked me to feed the birds for him and said that he would leave the key _ his front door in my mailbox.是是“相關(guān)連相關(guān)連”的習(xí)慣表達(dá)的習(xí)慣表達(dá), “門的鑰門的鑰匙匙”是是the key(s) to the door。to.4.

16、 I once took a walk along the street on a Saturday dusk, _a Pepsi can in my hand.4. 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，表伴隨。復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，表伴隨。5. She stared at me _a few seconds and handed back the money. 5. 搭配搭配“for + some time”。with for.6.It was a cold and cloudy afternoon. I was on the bus with my children， aged four and two, he

17、ading home when it started to rain. I realized this would mean a wet walk home _ the bus stop.此處意為此處意為“從從處處”。 from.7. Dudley has a history dating back over 1, 000 years, and its famous castle has been there _the 8th century.整個(gè)句子是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，整個(gè)句子是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，since短語(yǔ)表示一段短語(yǔ)表示一段時(shí)間。時(shí)間。8. We should take some measures

18、 to fight _pollution. 8. 短語(yǔ)：短語(yǔ)：fight against同同作斗爭(zhēng)。作斗爭(zhēng)。sinceagainst .9. Seated in your home you are capable _ finding a lot of sources.搭配搭配: be capable of doing sth.有能力做某有能力做某事。事。10. To pay for the high-tech health care， people can buy health insurance _their pets. 10. 表示表示“為為”。offor.11. Some high sc

19、hool students may be required to have an interview _people from the university.11. 表示表示“同，和同，和”某人面談。某人面談。12. During one visit _the Pacific islands of Tonga, a specially prepared dinner was arranged in her honor. 用名詞用名詞visit有示有示“參觀某地參觀某地”, 后接介詞后接介詞to,再再接地點(diǎn)。接地點(diǎn)。withto.13. Many years ago, when I worked

20、 _ a volunteer at Stanford Hospital, I got to know a little girl named Liza.表示表示“作為作為”某種身份。某種身份。14. Sometimes proper answers are not far to seek _food safety problem. 注意介詞短語(yǔ)注意介詞短語(yǔ)to food safety problems 是用于修是用于修飾名詞飾名詞answers的后置定語(yǔ)的后置定語(yǔ), 由于它被句子的謂由于它被句子的謂語(yǔ)部分隔開了語(yǔ)部分隔開了, 所以很容易搞錯(cuò)。所以很容易搞錯(cuò)。asto.15. With new

21、technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken _color.15. 搭配：搭配：in colour有顏色的，彩色的。有顏色的，彩色的。16. Wed better discuss everything _ detail before we work out the plan. 搭配：搭配：in detail詳細(xì)地。句意為：我們?cè)趫?zhí)行詳細(xì)地。句意為：我們?cè)趫?zhí)行計(jì)劃之前最好把所有事情都詳細(xì)地進(jìn)行討論。計(jì)劃之前最好把所有事情都詳細(xì)地進(jìn)行討論。inin.17. This shop will be closed for repairs _

22、 further notice.搭配：搭配：until further notice另行通知。另行通知。18. Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you _ the tough years. 表示表示“度過(guò)度過(guò)”。句意為：畢業(yè)典禮是你感謝那。句意為：畢業(yè)典禮是你感謝那些曾經(jīng)幫助你度過(guò)艱苦歲月的人的最好時(shí)候。些曾經(jīng)幫助你度過(guò)艱苦歲月的人的最好時(shí)候。throughuntil.19.Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back _ a big tree.意思是意思是“背靠著大樹背靠著大

23、樹”, 表示表示“靠靠著著”,用介詞用介詞against。against.20.How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space！ Its a challenge, I guess, _ man against nature. 句中的句中的I guess 為插入語(yǔ)為插入語(yǔ), 若撇開它不看若撇開它不看, 句子則為：句子則為：Its a challenge man against nature.此時(shí)可明顯看出填介詞此時(shí)可明顯看出填介詞of。句意。句意為：這是人類征服自然的挑戰(zhàn)。為：這是人類征服自然的挑戰(zhàn)。of21. Everyb

24、ody was touched _ words after they heard her moving story.表示表示“無(wú)法用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)無(wú)法用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)”用用beyond words。22. It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot _easy reach. 表示表示“在易于到達(dá)的距離以內(nèi)在易于到達(dá)的距離以內(nèi)”用用within easy reach (of)。beyondwithin23. Try on this red skirt; you will look great _ it.23. 表示表示“穿著穿著”。24

25、. Children need friends _their own age to play with. 24. 意為意為“年齡年齡”。又如：。又如：We have a son of your age.我們有個(gè)兒子和你同歲。我們有個(gè)兒子和你同歲。inof 25. Nancy suffered _a serious disease and she could no longer walk.25. 表示表示“患病患病”用用suffer from。26. She took me from a poor, unhappy college student and brought me _her worl

26、d, a world of smiles, love and warmth. 26. 意思是帶我意思是帶我“進(jìn)入進(jìn)入”了她的世界。了她的世界。into from Fathers Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day 1 _children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. 二、語(yǔ)篇填空二、語(yǔ)篇填空1. 表示目的。表示目的。forA woman 2 _the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought 3 _the idea for Fathers Day while listening to a Mothers Day sermon 4 _1909.2. with the name of =named/c