外研社初二下各模塊語法知識(shí)集錦

1、外研社初二下各模塊語法知識(shí)集錦外研版初二下module1知識(shí)點(diǎn) 句子成分及基本句型難點(diǎn) 知識(shí)點(diǎn) 五大基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)及應(yīng)用突破點(diǎn)英語的基本成分有六種：主語（subject）、謂語（predicate）、表語（predicative）、賓語（object）、定語（attribute）和狀語(adverbial)。英語五種基本句型列式如下： 基本句型一： i （主謂） 基本句型二： t （主謂賓） 基本句型三： Link （主謂表） 基本句型四： tInO DO （主謂間賓直賓）基本句型五： t （主謂賓賓補(bǔ)）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 英語句子以謂語為中心，前為行為執(zhí)行者，后為動(dòng)作承受者，狀語可居前或后，置于句首多為時(shí)

2、間，條件，原因狀語，置于謂語后為地點(diǎn)，原因，目的，時(shí)間和伴隨成分。練習(xí) 根據(jù)漢語或英語提示在空格上填一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。 (1) Let him _(進(jìn)來). (2) Let the student _(站) outside the classroom. (3) We made our classroom _(明亮). (4) Father have some employees _(work) all day and all night. (5) Did you have your bicycle _(repair)? (6) I have nothing _(do) this afternoo

3、n. Lets go swimming. (7) He kept us _(read) the story once and again. (8) The keeper kept the monkey _(在籠子里). (9) Jenny had her money _(偷了).(10) I found myself _(surround) by some snakes.(11) I would like to see the plan _(carry) out.(12) Who got the machine _(start)?(13) Jim asked me _(wait) him at

4、 the school gate.(14) The boy was made _(stand) outside the room.(15) Dont allow the guests _(smoke) here.Key：(1) (5) in; stand; bright; working; repaired (6) (10) to do; reading; in the cage; stolen; surrounded(11) (15) carried; started; to wait; to stand; to smoke外研版初二下module2知識(shí)點(diǎn) 賓語從句難點(diǎn) 知識(shí)點(diǎn) 賓語從句的結(jié)

5、構(gòu)及運(yùn)用突破點(diǎn)1.賓語從句：1 在動(dòng)詞后作賓語(動(dòng)賓): Do you know where he comes from? 劃線部分是動(dòng)詞know的賓語. 2.在有些接雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞后作賓語: He asked me when we would leave. 此句中me與從句when-分別是ask的賓語。 3在介詞后作賓語(介賓)：Lets talk about how we solve this problem. 4在Im sorry, Im afraid, Im sure等結(jié)構(gòu)后的句子也被認(rèn)為是賓語從句. 賓語從句需注意的時(shí)態(tài)問題:1主句若是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)不同情況用不同時(shí)態(tài)。He s

6、ays (that) he will have a walk soon. （soon指將來，從句用將來時(shí)） The teacher asks who is the cleverest in the school. （暗指目前誰最聰明，從句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)） I want to know who came here late this morning. （今早已過去，從句用過去時(shí)） 2主句若是一般過去時(shí)，從句也要用過去時(shí)。 He wondered if I would come. She told me that her son had got well. She said that she liked

7、 watching TV. We thought Jim was wrong. 3無論主句是何時(shí)態(tài)，從句若表客觀真理，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Mr. Li said the moon is smaller than the earth.4賓語從句無論有何引導(dǎo)詞，句子都要用陳述句語序。 Could you tell me when you will get back to Wuhan?（不是will you） Do you know which sweater she is wearing? (不是is she)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 使用正確的引導(dǎo)詞連接賓語從句，賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)要與主句相呼應(yīng)練習(xí) 選擇填空。( ) 1

8、. What did Mike say? He said _.A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was itC. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring( ) 2. Tom asked my friend _.A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come back D. not to be so angry( ) 3. Let me tell you _.A.

9、 how much is the car B. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car( ) 4. Peter knew _.A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris( )5. Could you tel

10、l me _? A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for  D. where you live in( )6. I can't understand _the boy alone. A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. why had she left( )7. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D.

11、had risen( )8.I don't know _ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got( )9. The manager came up to see _. A. what was the matter B. what the matter wasC. what the matter is    D. what's the matter( )10. He asked his father _. A. wh

12、ere it happens   B. where did it happen C. how it happened    D. how did it happen( )11. No one tells us_, so we need your help. A. how we should do   B. what should we do C. how to do it       D. what to do it( )12. Could you please t

13、each me _ the computer. A. how check  B. to check  C. how to check  D. to how checking( )13.They don't know _their parents are. A that B what C why D which( )14. Where do you think _ he _ the TV set? Sorry, I've no idea. A./, bought   B. has, bought

14、60;  C. did, buy   D. did bought( ) 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _ it would be like in _ five years. A. how, another  B. what, more  C. how ,other  D. what, another( )16. Could you tell me _? Yes. He _ to the USA. A. where is he/ has b

15、een    B. where he is/ has gone C. where was he/ has been   D. where he was/ has gone( )17. Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow. Yes. But if it _, we'll visit the museum instead. A. you have/ will rain      B. you will have/ will rain C. yo

16、u will have/ rains     D. will you have/ rains( )18. I really don't know if she _ it when she _. A. finds/ arrives    B. finds/ will arrive   C. will find/ will arrive   D. will find/ arrives( )19.Miss Liu said _ she would leave the message

17、on the headmaster”s desk. A. that B. where C. which D. what( )20. He asked me _. A. who will kick the first goal in the World CupB. when was the APEC meeting heldC. when China became a member of the WTOD. where the 2008 Olympics will be held答案 15: DDDBB 610:ACDBC 1115:CCBAD 1620:BCDAC外研版初二下module3知識(shí)

18、點(diǎn) to +V,與V+ing作賓語難點(diǎn) 知識(shí)點(diǎn) 作賓語的區(qū)別突破點(diǎn)v-ing 形式與to do 作賓語時(shí)的區(qū)別： 有些動(dòng)詞既可以跟動(dòng)詞的-ing形式又可以跟不定式作賓語，但意義有明顯區(qū)別，歸納如下：1 remember，forget，regret(遺憾) 跟動(dòng)詞的-ing形式時(shí)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生；跟不定式表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生。例如：Dont forget to tell Jim about it.別忘了告訴Jim這件事。（未告訴） I forget telling Jim about it.我忘了曾經(jīng)告訴Jim這件事了。（已經(jīng)告訴他了）2 stop ding sth. 停止正在干的事; stop t

19、o do sth. 停下來去做另外一件事例如：You have must stop smoking. 你必須戒煙。He stopped to get it and of course fell behind.他停下來去拿它，當(dāng)然就落在后面了。go on doing sth.與 go on to do sth. 用法類似，前者指繼續(xù)同一件事，后者指繼續(xù)做不同的事情。3 try to do sth. 盡力做某事； try doing sth.試著做某事例如：Lets try to find some information about it, ok?讓我們努力去找一些關(guān)于它的信息，好嗎？“Why

20、not try doing exercise to lose weight?” said the doctor.醫(yī)生說：“為什么不試著做運(yùn)動(dòng)減肥？”4 mean to do sth. 打算，想要做； mean doing sth 意味著做例如：Im sorry for what I have said .But I didnt mean to hurt you.我為我所說的話道歉，但我并不是有意要傷害你。He broke his leg , which means staying in bed for several weeks.他摔斷了腿，那就意味著要臥床好幾周。5 cant help do

21、ing 忍不住，禁不住；cant help (to) do 不能幫忙干.例如：They couldnt help jumping when hearing the good news.聽到這個(gè)好消息，他們情不自禁地跳了起來。Sorry, I cant help (to) do your homework.抱歉我不能幫你做作業(yè)。6 regret to do sth.對(duì)發(fā)生的事情表示“抱歉，遺憾” regret doing sth. 對(duì)已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情表示“后悔”.例如：I regret to tell you that you failed. 很遺憾的告訴你，你失敗了。I regret telli

22、ng her the news. 我很后悔告訴她這個(gè)消息。易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 對(duì)閱讀中對(duì)動(dòng)作是否已經(jīng)發(fā)生的判斷不定式、動(dòng)名詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、單項(xiàng)選擇：1. Would you please tell me _ next?A. A. how to do B. what to do     C. what do I do  D. how I should do 2. The girl wasn't _ to lift that bookcase.A. A. too strong B. enough strong

23、60;C. strong enoughD. so strong 3. For a time his grandmother found _ accept his new idea.A. A. hard        B. it hard         C. it hard to    D. it is hard to 4. As she has never been there before, I'll have s

24、omeone _ her the way.A. A. show        B. to show      C. showing         D. showed 5. You _ drive slowly. The roads are wet.A. A. had rather B. would rather   C. had better&#

25、160; D. would better 6. Nothing can make the brave soldier _ his country.A. A. turn againstB. to turn against C. to turn to D. turn to 7. In the old days it was difficult for the poor _ a job.A. A. find          B. to find     

26、60;   C. look         D. to look for 8. When learning a foreign language, try our best _ the spirit of it.A. A. master       B. hold            C. take hold of D. to

27、 master 9. It was foolish _ his car unlocked.A. for him to leaveB. of him to leaveC. for him leaveD. him to leave 10. Remember _ the newspaper when you have finished it.A. putting backB. put back        C. to put backD. will put back 11. Napoleon spoke so loud

28、ly as to _ in front of his soldiers.A. hearB. be heard   C. listen  D. be listened to 12. Television and radio _ to know what is going on all over the world.A. made it possible of us               B. have made us po

29、ssibleC. have made it possible for us           D. have made it be possible for us 13. .I have enjoyed my visit here. I'll be very sorry _.A. for leaving    B. to leave         C. if lea

30、vingD. to have left 14. I don't see how I could possible manage _ the work without _.A. to finish; helping                B. to finish; being helpedC. finishing; helping         

31、60;      D. finishing; being helped 15. We all think it most foolish _ this mistake.A. for you making B. of you to makeC. you to makeD. for you to make 16. Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still _.A. a good place which to be lived in 

32、60;   B. a good place to liveC. a good place to live in                      D. a good place to live for 17. You were lost on your way to the lake, weren't you? Yes, we were an

33、d had to stop _ the way.A. asking        B. to ask     C. asked   &n 166 bsp;       D. to be asked 18. She felt it a great shame _ so severely in the presence of her boy friend.A. to criticiz

34、e                                 B. to have criticizedC. to be criticized            

35、;                    D. to have been criticized 19. The advertisements are trying _ people to buy things they don't really need.A. persuade    B. persuading     

36、      C. be persuadingD. to persuade 20. If you were much younger, I would arrange _ as the general manager, for all your colleagues speak highly of your work.A. for you to work  B. of you to work C. for you work D. you work 答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.D

37、9.B 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.C 17.B 18.C 19.D 20.A外研版初二下module4-5知識(shí)點(diǎn) if從句難點(diǎn) 知識(shí)點(diǎn) if從句的構(gòu)成，位置，及時(shí)態(tài)搭配突破點(diǎn)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句最常用的連詞是if，常見的if條件狀語從句表示在某條件下，某事很可能發(fā)生，條件是可能存在的，主句中某種情況發(fā)生的概率也是很高的。如： If you ask him，he will help you如果你請(qǐng)他幫忙，他會(huì)幫你的。 If you fail in the exam，you will let him down如果你考試不及格，你會(huì)讓他失望

38、的。 If you have finished the homework， you can go home如果你作業(yè)做完了就可以回家了。 另外，if從句還表示不可實(shí)現(xiàn)的條件或根本不可能存在的條件，也就是一種虛擬的條件或假設(shè)。從句多用一般過去時(shí)或過去完成時(shí)，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或過去的一種假設(shè)。如： If I were you，I would invite him to the party如果我是你，我會(huì)邀請(qǐng)他參加聚會(huì)。 I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic要不是交通堵塞，我本會(huì)來得早一些。另外你

39、還要注意if 條件句的時(shí)態(tài)搭配1if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用一般將來時(shí) If he runs hell get there in time. 如果他用跑的，他就會(huì)及時(shí)趕到那兒。The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉貓的尾巴，它就會(huì)抓你。2if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用may/might/canIf the fog gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted. 如果霧在大一些，飛機(jī)可能就會(huì)改在別的機(jī)場(chǎng)降落。If it stops snowing we can go out. 如果雪停了，我

40、們就可以出去。3if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用must/shouldIf you want to lose weight you must/should eat less bread. 如果你想減肥，你必須少吃面包。4if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)If you heat ice it turns to water. (也可用will turn)如果把冰加熱，它就會(huì)化成水。5if從句用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，主句用一般將來時(shí)If you are looking for Peter youll find him upstairs. 如果你是在找彼得，上樓就會(huì)找到他。6if從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主句用一般將來

41、時(shí)If you have finished dinner Ill ask the waiter for the bill. 如果你吃完了，我就叫服務(wù)生來算賬易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 判斷句子的語氣選擇（15分）1.If you _ to the party, youll have a great time. A. will go  B. went  C. go   D. going2. It will be a long time _ Peter _ his work. A. since, has finished   B. after, finish

42、es   C. when, will finish   D. before, finishes.3. What will father _ us from Japan? A. take   B. bring   C. carry   D. make 4. Weifang is famous _ kites. A. for   B. to   C. on   D. with5 I _ her the answer if she _me.

43、A. can tell, will ask   B. will tell, will ask  C. would tell, ask   D. will tell, asks6. What are you going to do tomorrow? -Well go to the library tomorrow if it _. A. isnt rain  B. rain   C. wont rain  D. doesnt rain7.Do you know when he will come

44、 back tomorrow?-Sorry, I dont know. When he _ back, Ill tell you. A. comes  B. will come   C. come   D. may come 8. What will you do if you _ to the old folks home visit?A. go   B. went   C.going   D. will go9. If I eat _ food, Ill be very fat.A

45、. too many   B. many too   C. too much  D. much too10. Ill give the book to him if he _ here next Sunday.A. will come   B. comes   C. is coming    D. came11. There _an English film in our school tomorrow.A. is going to have  B. will ha

46、ve   C. is going to be   D. has12. Could you tell us where _？A. will the next Olympic Games held  B. the next Olympic Games will be heldC. would the next Olympic Games be held D. the next Olympic Games would be held13. When my mother returned last night, I _  a book. A.

47、 read   B. am reading   C. was reading  D. am going to read14.What _ you _ when it began to rain?A. do, do  B. were, doing  C. are, doing  D. did, do15. Ill wake you up when he _back.A. will   B. is going to come   C. comes   

48、0;D. come 1-5 CDBAD    6-10 DAACB   11-15 CBCBC外研版初二下module6-10知識(shí)點(diǎn) 狀語從句難點(diǎn) 知識(shí)點(diǎn) 狀語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)，分類及常用引導(dǎo)詞突破點(diǎn)1 時(shí)間狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directl

49、y, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely whenI didnt realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard(果園), the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home ,then it began to rain.Every time I l

50、isten to your advice, I get into trouble.2 地點(diǎn)狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：where特殊引導(dǎo)詞：wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.地點(diǎn)狀語從句一般由連接副詞where, wherever等引導(dǎo)，已經(jīng)形成了固定的句型，例如：句型1：Where+地點(diǎn)從句，（there）+主句。【注意】此句型通常譯成“哪里哪里就”；主句在從句后面時(shí)，

51、there可用可不用；如果主句在從句的前面時(shí)，一般都不用there。例如：Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在沒有雨水的地方，耕作是困難的，或根本不可能的。They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed. 他們都是好人。因此他們走到哪里都受到熱烈歡迎。You should have put the book where you found it. 你本來應(yīng)該把書放回原來的地方。Where the Communist

52、 Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨，哪里人民得解放。句型2：Anywhere/ wherever+地點(diǎn)從句，+主句?！咀⒁狻縜nywhere本身是個(gè)副詞，但是，常可以引導(dǎo)從句，相當(dāng)于連詞，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。 而wherever本身就是個(gè)連詞，表示“在何處，無論何處”。例如：Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海員。3 原因狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：because, since, a

53、s, for特殊引導(dǎo)詞：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that.My friends dislike me because Im handsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, lets begin our conference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.4 目的狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：so that, i

54、n order that特殊引導(dǎo)詞：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.5 結(jié)果狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：so th

55、at, such that,特殊引導(dǎo)詞：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,He got up so early that he caught the first bus.Its such a good chance that we must not miss it.To such a degree was he excited that he couldnt sleep last night.6 條件狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：if, unless,特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as/so long as,

56、only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition thatWell start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.7 讓步狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：though, although, even if, even

57、though特殊引導(dǎo)詞： as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter ， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal.盡管我很尊敬他， 我卻不同意他的建議。The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.No matter

58、 how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.He wont listen whatever you may say.8 比較狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：as(同級(jí)比較), than(不同程度的比較)特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the more the more ; just as ， so; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no more than; not A so much as BShe is as bad-tempered as her mother.The house is three times as big as our

59、s.The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.Food to men is what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，猶如油之于機(jī)器。9 方式狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞：as, as if, how特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the wayWhen in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.易錯(cuò)點(diǎn) 判斷九大狀從的類別選擇填空：1

60、. Ill let you know _ he comes back.A. before    B. because   C. as soon as   D. although2. She will sing a song _ she is asked.A. if     B. unless    C. for    D. since3. We will work _ we are needed.A. whenever

61、0;  B. because   C. since    D. wherever4. Read it aloud _ the class can hear you.A. so that    B. if     C. when       D. although5._ you go, don't forget your people.A. Whenever     B.

62、 However   C. Wherever   D. Whichever6. It is about ten years _ I met you last.A. since         B. for    C. when       D. as7. They will never succeed, _ hard they try.A. because       B. however   C. when    D. since8. _ still half drunk, he made his way home.A. When        B. Because &