被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)及用法

1、被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)及用法Step 1 Warm-up: Review 復(fù)習> Review the past participle forms of the verbs1、規(guī)則動詞過去分詞的構(gòu)成：一般情況+cd如worked；以不發(fā)音的c結(jié)尾，直接+d如liked以"輔音字母+y” , V -* i+cd 如 study -* studied以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，詞尾僅一個輔音字母，雙寫詞尾輔音字母+cd如 stopped, planned2、特殊變化：課本附錄Step 2 Presentation：呈現(xiàn)一、語態(tài)概述：略講教學(xué)過程1、英語的語態(tài)是通過動詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的，分為主動語

2、態(tài)與被動語態(tài)兩種。2主動語態(tài)，即主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。Eg. Wc clean the classroom.3、被動語態(tài)，即主語是動作的承受者。Eg. The classroom is cleaned by us.二、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：略被動語態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成是“助動詞bc+及物動詞的過去分詞+(by)”。be本身無詞義，但有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。by通常緊跟在被動句謂語動詞之后，有時也可省。 1、現(xiàn)在：(1 ) 一般現(xiàn)在時 am/is/arc + done(2)現(xiàn)在進行時 am/is/arc + being done(3 )現(xiàn)在完成時 have/has + been done2、過去：(1)一般過去

3、時 was/were + done(2)過去進行時 was/were + being done3、將來：一般將來時 shall/will + be done三、被動語態(tài)句式：略(1)肯定：主語+bc+過去分詞+(by) The cars arc made by them.(2)否定：主語+bc+not+過去分詞+(by) The cars arc not made by them.(3) 一般疑問句：Bu+主語+過去分詞+(by) Arc the cars made by them?(4)含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：主語+情態(tài)動詞+(not)+bcv原形+過去分詞+(by) 四、被動語態(tài)的用法：1

4、、強調(diào)動作的承受者 eg. Her bike is stolen.2、淡化動作的執(zhí)行者(沒有說明、沒必要指出、不知道)Eg. This coat is made of cotton.這件大衣是棉制的。3、動作的承受者是談話的中心 eg. The picture was drawn by a boy under eightStep 3 Consolidation:鞏固五、主動與被動的轉(zhuǎn)換：時態(tài)不變A.主動中的賓語一被動語態(tài)的主語B.謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)(bu-過去分詞)C.主動中的莘-被動語態(tài)的賓語(介詞生之后)，主格一賓格Eg. He cut down a tree. > A tree wa

5、s cut down by him.1、S+V+O(1)主動句為帶no的否定句，被動句常用no, neither, nuvur等Eg. No one has ever beaten her at tcimis.>Shc has never been beaten at tennis.(2)主動句為帶any構(gòu)成不定代詞的否定句，被動句常用noEg. We didn't notice anything special in his work. Nothing special was noticed in his work.2、S+V+C)|+()2(1)主動句的間接賓語/直接賓語一被

6、動句的主語Eg. They gave the children many good books.f The children were given many good books.Many good books were given to the children.（2）只能主動句的直接賓語T被動句的主語Eg. She wrote Jim a letter. > A letter was written to Jim.（3）賓語從句一般不可作為被動句的主語Eg. She told me when the film started. > 1 was told when the fil

7、m started.六、被動語態(tài)的注意事項：1、by短語省略的幾種情況:（1）無法確定動作執(zhí)行者 eg. The Great Wall was built thousands years ago.（2 ）泛指動作執(zhí)行者 eg. Children should be given a good living.（3）不愿說出動作執(zhí)行者（4）前后文對執(zhí)行者已有暗示 eg. Your homework should be handed in earlytomorrow.2、主、被動轉(zhuǎn)化，被保留的間接賓語前還原介詞l（）forof （give, send, take, bring,豌等） 3、在被動語態(tài)中

8、，感官動詞和使役動詞后面的不定式要帶to （聽hear,觀scx/palch,使 make,讓 let,幫 help）4、沒有被動語態(tài)的詞：happen, rise, fit, turn, taste, sound, smell 等Step 4 Practice:練習1. More ;ind more foreigners speak Chinese in the world now.（改為被動語態(tài)）2. Today Chinese（teach） in many schools around the world.3. Rice is grown in the south by therm.（改

9、為主動句）4. Ba J in, one of the greatest writers in China,（regard） as People Writer”.5. A talk on Chinese history in the school hall next week.A is given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give6. That's a nice watch! Is it in China?A make B making C made D makes7. His grandma f（）r two years.

10、A was died B has been dead C was dead D has died8. The medicine cool, clean and dryA must keep B must be kept C must be carried D must be in9. Thu lost boy early this morning.A found B was f（）undcd C was R）und D had fbund10. The river smells terrible. People must dirty.A be stopped to throw B be sto

11、pped from throwingC stop to throwD stop from throwing1 L Between 1897 and 1919 at least 29 motion pictures in which artificial beings were portrayed.A had produced B have been produced C would have produced D had been produced被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：被動i吾態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成是“助動詞bc+及物動詞的過去分詞+(by)”。be本身無詞義，但有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化?？赏ǔ＞o跟在被動句謂語動詞之后，有時也可省。1、現(xiàn)在：(1) 一般現(xiàn)在時 am/is/arc + done(2)現(xiàn)在進行時 am/is/arc + being done板(3)現(xiàn)在完成時 havc/has + been done2、過去：書(1) 一般過去時 was/wcrc + done設(shè)(2)過去進行時 was/wcrc + being done計3、將來：一般將來時 shall/will + be done被動語態(tài)句式：(1)肯定：主語+bc+過去分詞+(b