賓語(yǔ)從句與感嘆句

1、 1 / 12 一、感嘆句 1.感嘆句通常有what, how引導(dǎo)，表示贊美、驚嘆、喜悅、等感情。what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞，副詞或動(dòng)詞， 2.感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)主要有以下幾種： How+形容詞或副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)How +形容詞+ a +名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) What + a/an+形容詞+名詞單數(shù)+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)What+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ) What an interesting story it is!What fine weather it is!What beautiful flowers they are! 【說明】在感嘆句中，What a

2、 / an常用來修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，若其前面的形容詞為元音開頭，則用an。what是用來修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。但有些不可數(shù)名詞，如rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch等，當(dāng)前面有形容詞修飾，使抽象名詞具體化時(shí)，則要用what a / an，如： What a heavy rain it is!What a great surprise it is!What a rich breakfast it is! 3.感嘆句的省略 常常省略的是充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的人稱代詞和動(dòng)詞be。What a naughty boy（he is）! 4.陳述句變感嘆句： 陳述句變?yōu)楦袊@句，可遵

3、循“一斷、二加、三換位、四改號(hào)”的原則。 一斷： 將原來的陳述句斷成兩部分，在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后斷開。 二加： 2 / 12 加適當(dāng)?shù)母袊@詞，斷開的后半部分的中心詞如果是名詞，則要加what；如果是形容詞或副詞，則要加how。如有very, too, quite等詞應(yīng)去掉。 三換位： 把改變后第一、二部分前后調(diào)整位置。注意句中有關(guān)單詞的大小寫。 四改號(hào)： 把原來的句號(hào)改為感嘆號(hào)。 He is a good student. - He is / a good student. - He is (what) a good student. - What a good student he is.- Wha

4、t a good student he is！ She works very hard. - She works / very hard. - She works (how) hard. - How hard she works. - How hard she works! xx： 用what, what a/an, how填空： 1. _ nice skirt it is! 2. _ interesting the film is! 3. _ beautiful the park are! 4. _ delicious food it is! 5. _ careless the man is

5、! 6. _ wonderful ideas! 7. _ lovely the baby is! 8. _ cold weather it is! 9. _ clever boy (he is)! 3 / 12 10. _ interesting film this is! 把下列句子改為感嘆句： 1.How lazy the boy is! 2.What an exciting movie it is! 11. Look! _fast the boy is running! 12. _cold day it was yesterday! 13. _heavy the box is! I ca

6、n't carry it. 14. _interesting story he told us! 15. _nice the mooncakes are! 16. _bad weather! 17. _clever children all of you are! 18. _important news that is! 19. _time flies! 20. _beautiful flowers you bought me! 3.What delicious apples they are! 4.How pure the water is! 5What a careful woma

7、n she is! 6They are running fast. 7Her sister is a very lovely girl. 選擇題： 1. _ fine the weather is!a. What ab. Whatc. Howd. How a 4 / 12 2._ food you've cooked!a. How a niceb. What a nicec. How niced. What nice 3. _ great fun they had!a. What ab. Whatc. Howd. How a 4. _ heavy rain it was!a. What

8、 ab. Whatc. Howd. How a 5. _ fun place to go Shanghai is!a. What ab. Whatc. Howd. How a 6. _ happy life the old live!a. What ab. Whatc. Howd. How a 7. _ nice fish they cooked!a. What ab. Whatc. Howd. How a 8. _ blue the sky is!a. What ab. Whatc. Howd. How a 9. _ useful work you did!a. Whatb. Howc. W

9、hat ad. How a 10. _ time you had!a. What goodb. How goodc. What a goodd. How a good time 11. _ exciting moment it is!a. Whatb. Howc. What ad. What an 12. _ nice shoes!a. Whatb. Howc. What ad. How a 13. _ she sings!a. How wellb. How goodc. What welld. What good 14. _ fast the boys are running!a. What

10、b. Howc. What ad. How a 15. _ the school is!a. What bigc. How bigc. What a bigd. How a big 二、賓語(yǔ)從句 1、概念： 在句子中起賓語(yǔ)作用的從句叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。 賓語(yǔ)從句分為三類： 動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句；介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句和形容詞的賓語(yǔ)從句。 賓語(yǔ)從句中要用陳述句的語(yǔ)序。 2、賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞 5 / 12 1）從屬連詞主要有： that；if；whether。 that引導(dǎo)表示陳述句的賓語(yǔ)從句，that沒有詞匯意義，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何句子成分，常省略；if和whether引導(dǎo)表示“是否”的賓語(yǔ)從句。 He told

11、that he would go to the college the next year.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.2）連接代詞主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,which，whoever，whatever, whichever等，在從句中可充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。 連接代詞一般指疑問,但what, whatever除了指疑問外,也可以指陳述. Idon't know whom you should depend on.我不知道你該依靠誰(shuí). The book will show you what the bes

12、t CEOs know. 3）連接副詞主要有when, where, why, how等，在從句中充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)。 He didn't tell me when we should meet again.Could you please tell me how you get to the new hotel?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought. 賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇堅(jiān)持兩個(gè)原則： 看這個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞的具體詞匯意義； 看這個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞是否在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分。 3、動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)從句 1）大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞都可以帶賓語(yǔ)從句。 2.）部分“動(dòng)詞

13、+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)也可以帶賓語(yǔ)從句。 I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out. Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip? 3）動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)也可以帶賓語(yǔ)從句 6 / 12 make sure確保make up one's mind下決心keep in mind牢記 Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in. 4、介

14、詞的賓語(yǔ)從句 We are talking about whether we admit students into our club. The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space. 5、形容詞的賓語(yǔ)從句 常用來引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的形容詞有: sure, certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surprised. I am sure I will pass the exam.I am sorry that I have

15、 troubled you so long. He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill. 6、if, whether在賓語(yǔ)從句中的區(qū)別 介詞后一般不用if whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以. 在不定式前只能用whether。如： I can't decide whether to stay.我不能決定是否留下。 7、賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài) 1）當(dāng)主句為現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)頃r(shí)的時(shí)候,賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)一般不受主句的時(shí)態(tài)所影響. 2）當(dāng)主句為過去時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句的時(shí)態(tài)也要用過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。 如果從句是一個(gè)客觀真理,那么從句的

16、時(shí)態(tài)不根據(jù)主句的時(shí)態(tài)而變化。 The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday. 7 / 12 當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞是who, which, what, when, where, how, why等表疑問，且句中含有do you think/believe等時(shí),不能按正常語(yǔ)序安排,經(jīng)常將這類引導(dǎo)詞置于句首。 Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year? A. if; Whether B. whether; Whet

17、her C. if; That D. if; If 2. I don't know _ the day after tomorrow. 3. Could you tell me _ the radio without any help? A. how did he mend B. what did he mend C. how he mended D. what he mended 4. I want to know _. A. whom is she looking after B. whom she is looking 8 / 12 C. whom is she looking

18、D. whom she is looking after 5. The small children don't know _. A. what is their stockings in B. what is in their stockings C. where is their stockings in D. what in their stockings 10. I can't understand _. A. what does Christmas mean B. what Christmas does mean C. what mean Christmas does

19、 D. what Christmas means 11. The students want to know whether they_ dictation today. A. had B. has C. will have D. are 12. I hardly understand. _ he has told me. A. that B. what C. which 9 / 12 D. who 13. They don't know _ their parents are. A. that B. what C. why D. which 14. In the bookshop,

20、a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. A. that B. how C. what D. if A. why B. when C. how D. where 16.We never know _ the old man is.They say he is a teacher.（鄂州市） A. what B. who C. which D. where 10 / 12 A. that how B. how that C. when that D. that when 18. He asked me_ I was sure my mother_. A.; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. does; buy 20.Where is Jack? He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or