初中英語(yǔ)人教版八年級(jí)下冊(cè)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(共3頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)The Present Perfect課前熱身1.The famous writer _ one new book in the past two years . . writes B.wrote C.has written2,I _ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in 3.Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000. A.have made B.have been C.made D. have beco

2、me4.Our country _ a lot so far .Yes. I hope it will be even _ . . has changed ; well . changed ; good . has changed ; better 5. _ you _ your homework yet ?Yes. I _ it a moment ago. .Did; do; finished .Have; done; finished .Have; done; have finished 討論展示1、分組討論，說(shuō)出以上句子主要用了哪種時(shí)態(tài)？2、你能講出該時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成嗎？ 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一 基本結(jié)

3、構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞have/has+過(guò)去分詞(done)二句型：肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞+其他否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+過(guò)去分詞+其他.一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其他.簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ): Yes, 主語(yǔ) + have/has.(肯定) No, 主語(yǔ) + haven't/hasn't.(否定)3、請(qǐng)歸納出現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法，通過(guò)哪些詞語(yǔ)來(lái)提示？現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法1.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：already，yet, so far，never，just，before，recently，I have alr

4、eady lost my key.（說(shuō)明過(guò)去某時(shí)丟的，現(xiàn)在還未找到。） 你能舉例嗎？2.表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)往往和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。for+一段時(shí)間，since+一段時(shí)間 I have known him for ten years.I have known him since ten years ago .（從開(kāi)始認(rèn)識(shí)到現(xiàn)在延續(xù)了十年）你能舉例嗎？4、請(qǐng)比較： He has been to the US . He has gone to the US . He has been in the US for three years .5、請(qǐng)看句子：He has com

5、e to school for two hours .對(duì)嗎？For 和since要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如果是短暫性動(dòng)詞要改為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，例如：leave/go- be away come-be here/be inbuy- have, borrow-keepjoin-be in/a member of die-be dead, begin/start- be on finish- be over 5、你能用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)出他們嗎？ 1）、瑪麗上午七點(diǎn)到了學(xué)校。 2）、她在學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。 The keys:1）、Mary got to school at seven .2) 、She has st

6、udied at school for two hours. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法比較 1、一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的事、存在的狀態(tài)或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。說(shuō)話的側(cè)重點(diǎn)只在于陳述一件過(guò)去的事情，不強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)"現(xiàn)在"產(chǎn)生的影響。 如： He visited Guilin in 1998. 他1998年參觀過(guò)桂林。(只說(shuō)明去桂林的時(shí)間) 2、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響或產(chǎn)生了結(jié)果。不與確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 如： Jill has bought a new computer. 吉爾買(mǎi)了一臺(tái)新電腦。(著重點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在有了一臺(tái)新電腦) 3、 兩種時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)分 (

7、1)一般過(guò)去時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)基本構(gòu)成是"助動(dòng)詞have /has +過(guò)去分詞"。 (2)一般過(guò)去時(shí)通常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002等； 而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則常與just, already, ever, never等副詞和these days, this week, since., for.等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。 （3）看看以下的幾組句子，有什么區(qū)別？ Have you seen the film?(A) Did you see the film

8、?(B) 說(shuō)明 你看過(guò)這部電影嗎？(A)句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是被問(wèn)者對(duì)劇情是否了解；(B)句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是看這部電影的動(dòng)作是否發(fā)生過(guò)，并不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否知道其內(nèi)容。 How has he done it?(A) How did he do it?(B) 說(shuō)明他是怎么做的這件事？(A)句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是他做這件事的方式對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了某種影響；(B)句單純的詢問(wèn)做這件事的方式。 He has lived in Beijing for 8 years.(A) He lived in Beijing for 8 years.(B) 說(shuō)明他在北京住了8年。(A)句講的是到目前為止他在北京住了8年，可能還會(huì)繼續(xù)在北京住下去。(B)句講的是

9、他在北京住過(guò)8年，現(xiàn)在不在北京了。 測(cè)評(píng)提升1、單項(xiàng)選擇：1）、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _it twice. . will see . have seen . saw .see 2）、These farmers have been to the United States . Really? When _ there ? . will they go .did they go . do they go . have they gone3）、Zhou Lang _already _in this school for two years . . w

10、as ; studying . will ; study . has ; studied . are; studying 4）、 His father _ the Party since 1998 . .joined . has joined . was in . has been in 5）、Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . . were . have been . have become . have made 6|、He has _ been to Shanghai, has he ? . al

11、ready .never .ever . still 7）、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . . has begun . had begun . has been on . began 8）、 It _ ten years since he left the army . . Is . has been . Will be . was 9）、 Miss Green isn't in the office. She_ to the library. .has gone . went .will go . has been 10）、My pare

12、nts _ Shandong for ten years. . have been in . have been to . have gone to . have been 2、用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空：1）. She _ (live) here for ten years .2）. Both of them _ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.3）. Half an hour _ (pass) since the train _ (leave).4) . Mary_(lose) her pen . _ you _ (see) it anywhere?5）. _ you _ (find) your watch yet?6）. -Are you thirsty?-No ，I _ just _ (have