Swing布局管理器介紹

1、內(nèi)容面板代碼：public static void addComponentsToPane(Container pane) pane.setLayout(new FlowLayout();pane.add(new JButton("Button 1");pane.add(new JButton("Button 2");pane.add(new JButton("Button 3");pane.add(new JButton("Long-Named Button 4");pane.add(new JButton(&q

2、uot;5");BorderLayout一個BorderLayout對象將界面分成五大區(qū)域，分別用BorderLayout類的靜態(tài)常量指定： -PAGE_START-PAGE_END-LINE_START-LINE_END-CENTER效果：內(nèi)容面板代碼：public static void addComponentsToPane(Container pane) JButton button = new JButton("Button 1 (PAGE_START)"); pane.add(button, BorderLayout.PAGE_START);butto

3、n = new JButton("Button 2 (CENTER)");button.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 100);pane.add(button, BorderLayout.CENTER);button = new JButton("Button 3 (LINE_START)");pane.add(button, BorderLayout.LINE_START);button = new JButton("Long-Named Button 4 (PAGE_END)"); pan

4、e.add(button, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);button = new JButton("5 (LINE_END)");pane.add(button, BorderLayout.LINE_END);BoxLayoutBoxLayout可以將組件由上至下或由左至右依次加入當前面板。效果：內(nèi)容面板代碼：public static void addComponentsToPane(Container pane) JPanel xPanel = new JPanel();xPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(xPanel, Bo

5、xLayout.X_AXIS); addButtons(xPanel);JPanel yPanel = new JPanel();yPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(yPanel, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS); addButtons(yPanel);pane.add(yPanel, BorderLayout.PAGE_START);pane.add(xPanel, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);private static void addAButton(String text, Container container) JButton but

6、ton = new JButton(text);button.setAlignmentX(Component.CENTER_ALIGNMENT);container.add(button);private static void addButtons(Container container) addAButton("Button 1", container);addAButton("Button 2", container);addAButton("Button 3", container);addAButton("Long

7、-Named Button 4", container);addAButton("5", container);CardLayout卡片布局和其他布局不同，因為它隱藏了一些組件。卡片布局就是一組容器或者組件，它們一次僅僅顯是一個，組中的每個容器稱為卡片。效果：內(nèi)容面板代碼：public void addComponentToPane(Container pane) final JPanel contentPanel = new JPanel();JPanel controlPanel = new JPanel();final CardLayout cardLayo

8、ut=new CardLayout();pane.setLayout(new BorderLayout();pane.add(contentPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);pane.add(controlPanel, BorderLayout.PAGE_END);controlPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout();JButton b = new JButton10;for (int i = 0; i < 10; i+) bi = new JButton("No." + i);contentPanel.add(bi);

9、contentPanel.setLayout(cardLayout);JButton nextButton = new JButton("next");nextButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener()public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) cardLayout.next(contentPanel););controlPanel.add(nextButton);GridLayoutGridLayout讓你建立一個組件表格，并且當組件加入時，會依序又左至右，由上至下填充到每個格子，它

10、不能由你指定想放那個格子就放那個格子效果：內(nèi)容面板代碼：public static void addComponentsToPane(Container pane) JButton buttons = new JButton9;pane.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 3);for (int i = 0; i < buttons.length; i+) buttonsi = new JButton(i + "");pane.add(buttonsi);GridBagLayoutGridBagLayout是所有AWT布局管理器當中最復雜的，同時他

11、的功能也是最強大的。GridBagLayout同GridLayout一樣，在容器中以網(wǎng)格形式來管理組件。但GridBagLayout功能要來得強大得多。1、GridBagLayout管理的所有行和列都可以是大小不同的；2、GridLayout把每個組件限制到一個單元格，而GridBagLayout并不這樣：組件在容器中可以占據(jù)任意大小的矩形區(qū)域。GridBagLayout通常由一個專用類來對他布局行為進行約束，該類叫GridBagConstraints。其中有11個公有成員變量，GridBagConstraints可以從這11個方面來進行控制和操縱。這些內(nèi)容是：1、gridx組件的橫向坐標；2

12、、girdy組件的縱向坐標；3、gridwidth組件的橫向?qū)挾?，也就是指組件占用的列數(shù)；4、gridheight組件的縱向長度，也就是指組件占用的行數(shù)；5、weightx指行的權(quán)重，告訴布局管理器如何分配額外的水平空間；6、weighty指列的權(quán)重，告訴布局管理器如何分配額外的垂直空間；7、anchor當組件小于其顯示區(qū)域時使用此字段；8、fill如果顯示區(qū)域比組件的區(qū)域大的時候，可以用來控制組件的行為?？刂平M件是垂直填充，還是水平填充，或者兩個方向一起填充；9、insets指組件與表格空間四周邊緣的空白區(qū)域的大小；10、ipadx 組件間的橫向間距，組件的寬度就是這個組件的最小寬度加上ip

13、adx值；11、ipady 組件間的縱向間距，組件的高度就是這個組件的最小高度加上ipady值。說明：1、gridx，gridy：其實就是組件行列的設(shè)置，注意都是從0開始的，比如 gridx=0，gridy=1時放在0行1列；2、gridwidth，gridheight：默認值為1；GridBagConstraints.REMAINDER常量，代表此組件為此行或此列的最后一個組件，會占據(jù)所有剩余的空間；3、weightx，weighty：當窗口變大時，設(shè)置各組件跟著變大的比例。比如組件A的weightx=0.5，組件B的weightx=1，那么窗口X軸變大時剩余的空間就會以1：2的比例分配給組

14、件A和B；4、anchor：當組件空間大于組件本身時，要將組件置于何處。 有CENTER（默認值）、NORTH、NORTHEAST、EAST、SOUTHEAST、WEST、NORTHWEST選擇。5、insets：設(shè)置組件之間彼此的間距。它有四個參數(shù)，分別是上，左，下，右，默認為（0，0，0，0）。效果：內(nèi)容面板代碼：public static void addComponentsToPane(Container pane) JButton button;pane.setLayout(new GridBagLayout();GridBagConstraints c = new GridBagC

15、onstraints();button = new JButton("Button 1");c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;c.gridx = 0;c.gridy = 0;pane.add(button, c);button = new JButton("Button 2");c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;c.weightx = 0.5;c.gridx = 1;c.gridy = 0;pane.add(button, c);button = new JButto

16、n("Button 3");c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;c.weightx = 0.5;c.gridx = 2;c.gridy = 0;pane.add(button, c);button = new JButton("Long-Named Button 4"); c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;c.ipady = 40; / make this component tallc.weightx = 0.0;c.gridwidth = 3;c.gridx = 0

17、;c.gridy = 1;pane.add(button, c);button = new JButton("5");c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL;c.ipady = 0; / reset to defaultc.weighty = 1.0; / request any extra vertical spacec.anchor = GridBagConstraints.PAGE_END; / bottom of space c.insets = new Insets(10, 0, 0, 0); / top paddingc.g

18、ridx = 1; / aligned with button 2c.gridwidth = 2; / 2 columns widec.gridy = 2; / third rowpane.add(button, c);一個GardBagLayout布局的左右選擇框，代碼GridBagLayoutFrame.java見附件，效果：GridBagLayoutFrame.java附件源碼public class GridBagLayoutFrame extends JFrame private JButton addButton = new JButton();private JButton le

19、ftButton = new JButton();private JButton rightButton = new JButton();private JLabel label = new JLabel();private JTextField field = new JTextField();private DefaultListModel leftModel = new DefaultListModel(); private DefaultListModel rightMOdel = new DefaultListModel(); private JList leftList = new

20、 JList(leftModel);private JList rightList = new JList(rightMOdel);public GridBagLayoutFrame(String title) setTitle("GridBagLayoutFrameDemo");setPreferredSize(new Dimension(600, 400); setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); initComponent();addData();pack();setVisible(true);private s

21、tatic void createAndShowGUI() new GridBagLayoutFrame("GridBagLayoutFrameDemo");private void initComponent() label.setText("添加選項：");addButton.setText("添加");leftList.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(150, 150);rightList.setPreferredSize(leftList.getPreferredSize(); leftButto

22、n.setText("左");rightButton.setText("右");mainPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("左右選擇框"); mainPanel.setLayout(new GridBagLayout(); GridBagConstraints c = new GridBagConstraints(); c.gridx = 0; / 0行0列 c.gridy = 0; c.gridwidth = 1; c.gridheight = 1; c.fill =

23、GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL; c.weightx = 0; c.weighty = 0; mainPanel.add(label, c); c.gridx+; c.weightx = 1; mainPanel.add(field, c); c.gridx+; c.weightx = 0; c.gridwidth = 1; c.gridheight = 1; / c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL; mainPanel.add(addButton, c); c.gridx = 0; c.gridy = 1; c.weigh

24、tx = 1; c.weighty = 1; c.gridwidth = 2; c.gridheight = 2; c.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH; mainPanel.add(leftList, c); c.gridx = 2; c.gridy = 1; c.gridwidth = 1; c.gridheight = 1; c.weightx = 0; c.weighty = 0.5; c.anchor = GridBagConstraints.SOUTH; c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL; mainPanel.

25、add(leftButton, c);c.gridx = 2; c.gridy = 2; c.anchor = GridBagConstraints.NORTH; c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL; mainPanel.add(rightButton, c); c.gridx = 3; c.gridy = 1; c.gridwidth = 1; c.gridheight = 2; c.weightx = 1; c.weighty = 1; c.fill = GridBagConstraints.BOTH; mainPanel.add(rightList, c); this.getContentPane().add(mainPanel); private void addData() addButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) addItem(); ); leftButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() public void actionPerformed(Ac