初中動詞不定式課件

1、動詞不定式動詞不定式 定義定義構成構成 用法用法 動詞不定式是非謂語動詞的一種，動詞不定式是非謂語動詞的一種，它沒有人稱和數的變化，在句子它沒有人稱和數的變化，在句子中不能獨立作謂語，但它仍保持中不能獨立作謂語，但它仍保持動詞的特點，既可以有自己的賓動詞的特點，既可以有自己的賓語和狀語。語和狀語。 動詞不定式動詞不定式 的構成的構成： (肯定）肯定） to+to+動詞原動詞原形形 （否定）（否定）not to+動詞原形動詞原形動詞不定式動詞不定式 的用法的用法動詞不定式具有名動詞不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞詞、形容詞和副詞的特征。因此在句的特征。因此在句中可以做主語、表中可以做主語、表語、賓語

2、、賓語補語、賓語、賓語補足語、定語和狀語。足語、定語和狀語。本單元學習不定式本單元學習不定式做賓語和賓語補足做賓語和賓語補足語。語。 功能：功能： 作賓語補足語作賓語補足語 作賓語作賓語動詞不定式作賓語動詞不定式作賓語 后面能接不定式作賓語的動詞有：后面能接不定式作賓語的動詞有：agree, ask, choose, decide, forget, hope, learn, want, wish, would like等。如：等。如：We hope to get there before dark. 我們希望我們希望天黑以前到那兒。天黑以前到那兒。The girl decided to do

3、it herself. 那個姑娘決那個姑娘決定自己做那件事。定自己做那件事。注意注意 動詞不定式作賓語動詞不定式作賓語的注意事項的注意事項（2點）1有些動詞既可跟不定式作賓語，有些動詞既可跟不定式作賓語，也可跟動名詞作賓語，但含義不同：也可跟動名詞作賓語，但含義不同： remember to do 記住要做某事；記住要做某事；remember doing 記得曾經做過某記得曾經做過某事事 forget to do忘記要做某事忘記要做某事 forget doing 忘記曾經做過某事忘記曾經做過某事 stop to do 停下來去做某事停下來去做某事 stop doing 停止做某事停止做某事I

4、remember seeing you somewhere before. 我記得以前在哪兒見過你。我記得以前在哪兒見過你。 Please remember to turn off the light when you leave. 離開時請記得關好燈。離開時請記得關好燈。 動詞不定式作賓語動詞不定式作賓語的注意事項的注意事項（2點）2不定式作賓語時，如帶有賓語補不定式作賓語時，如帶有賓語補足語，則要把不定式放到后面，用足語，則要把不定式放到后面，用it作形式賓語，構成作形式賓語，構成“主語主語+動詞動詞+it+賓補（形容詞、名詞）賓補（形容詞、名詞）+不定式不定式”結結構。如：構。如： He

5、 found it very difficult to get to sleep. 他發(fā)現很難入睡。他發(fā)現很難入睡。exercises1 . Did you plan_ ( go ) to the cinema with Mary ? 2 . I hope to _( meet ) Lucy and her family . 3 . I tried _ ( write ) poem . 4 .My aunt offered _ ( take ) me to the park. 5 . The baby stopped _ ( cry ) when he saw his mother. to g

6、oto meetto writeto takecrying動詞不定式作賓語補足語動詞不定式作賓語補足語 1后面能接后面能接to不定式作賓語補足語不定式作賓語補足語的動詞有：的動詞有：ask, order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。等。 The teacher told us to do Exercise 1. 老師要我們做練習一。老師要我們做練習一。 I want both of you to go. 我要你們倆去。我要你們倆去。 We helped her (to) repair her bike. 我們幫助她修理自行車。我們幫助她修理自行車。 2使役動

7、詞使役動詞let, have, make及及感官動詞感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel等要以不帶等要以不帶to的不定的不定式作賓補。式作賓補。 Lets have a rest. 我們休息一我們休息一會吧。會吧。 I saw him come in. 我看見他我看見他進來了。進來了。 感官動詞后既可跟不帶感官動詞后既可跟不帶to的不定式作的不定式作賓補，也可跟賓補，也可跟v-ing作賓補，前者表作賓補，前者表示動作的全部過程已結束；后者表示動作的全部過程已結束；后者表示動作正在進行。示動作正在進行。 I saw him come downstairs.我看我看

8、見他下了樓。（說明他下樓了這件見他下了樓。（說明他下樓了這件事）事） I saw him coming downstairs.我我看見他在下樓。（說明他下樓時的看見他在下樓。（說明他下樓時的情景）情景）exercises1 . They dont allow him _ ( smoke ) here. 2 . Li Yang advised me _ ( not drink ) too much , 3 . The teacher made him _ ( stand ) for an hour. 4.He told me _ ( buy ) a ticket for him.to smoke

9、not to drinkstandto buy動詞不定式作主語Its + 形容詞形容詞 + （for sb) + to do 對我來說學語文容易對我來說學語文容易 Its for me . It is right _(give) up smoking.to giveexercises1 . It is necessary _ ( return ) the book tomorrow . 2 . I think it is easy for us _ ( find ) it. 3 . Its important for the boy _ ( play ) the piano every day

10、 .to returnto findto play不定式作定語用在名詞或不定代詞something / anything / nothing 后。 我有一本書要看 I have a book . 他沒什么要做他沒什么要做 He has noyhing . Would you like something_ (eat) ? to eatexercises1 . He is looking for a room _ ( live ) in.There is nothing _( worry ) about.Please give me a knife _ ( cut ) with.to livet

11、o worryto cut不定式作狀語為了保護動物，他們努力工作。為了保護動物，他們努力工作。 They work hard 他年級夠大，他年級夠大， 可以上學了。可以上學了。 He is old enough I am sorry_(hear) that. I came here_(see) you. to protect the animals目的to go to school.(結果）to hearto see不定式作表語My job is to help the patient（?。ú∪耍┤耍? Your duty is_(clean) the classroom.to cleanex

12、ercises1 .I came here _( see ) you. 2 .We were very excited _ (hear) the news. 3 .I am very glad _(hear) it.4 .The question is difficult _ (answer). 5 . He is too old _( do )that. 6 . The room is big enough _ (hold) us. I am very glad to hear it.The question is difficult to answer.I am very glad to

13、hear it.The question is difficult to answer.He is too old to do that.to seeto hearto hearto answerto doto hold不定式和疑問詞連用He didnt know what to say. I dont know how to use computer. I want to know where to go. Do you know what_(do)? to doexercises1 . He didnt know what _ ( say ). 2 . How _( solve ) the problem is very important. 3 . Can you tell me how_ ( stop ) the car ? 4 . I dont know when_( leave) for Beijing . to sayto solveto stopto leave動詞不定式的否定形式動詞不定式的否定形式 動詞不定式的