初三定語從句PPT課件

1、 The Attributive Clause定語從句定語從句初三英語組 定語定語可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、分詞分詞、不定式不定式、介詞短語介詞短語等來擔(dān)任，修飾名詞。等來擔(dān)任，修飾名詞。(以分詞、介詞短語為例）以分詞、介詞短語為例） 例：例： The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was drunk. 定語從句定語從句在英語中，修飾在英語中，修飾名詞名詞或或代詞代詞的的句子句子叫定語從句。叫定語從句。 例：例：The girl who is behind the tree i

2、s Kate. The man who was driving too fast was drunk.定語從句所修飾、限定的詞叫定語從句所修飾、限定的詞叫先行詞先行詞。定語。定語從句通常跟從句通常跟先行詞之后先行詞之后，它與先行詞有著不，它與先行詞有著不可分割的聯(lián)系可分割的聯(lián)系(翻譯時(shí)從句在所修飾詞前翻譯時(shí)從句在所修飾詞前)。它通常是由。它通常是由關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞（who，whom， whose，that，which，as）和關(guān)系副詞）和關(guān)系副詞（where，when，why， how）來引導(dǎo)。關(guān)）來引導(dǎo)。關(guān)系代詞、關(guān)系副詞在從句中需擔(dān)當(dāng)成分，但系代詞、關(guān)系副詞在從句中需擔(dān)當(dāng)成分，但無實(shí)際意義

3、。初中階段我們只要理解無實(shí)際意義。初中階段我們只要理解who，that，which這幾個(gè)關(guān)系代詞所引導(dǎo)的定語這幾個(gè)關(guān)系代詞所引導(dǎo)的定語從句即可。從句即可。 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞判判 斷斷 步步 驟驟 :v 首先，要看先行詞。首先，要看先行詞。 如果先行詞是指人如果先行詞是指人,關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 可用可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行詞指物如果先行詞指物,關(guān)系關(guān)系 代詞可用代詞可用which或或that;v 然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。請(qǐng)看下表然后，要確定關(guān)系詞在從句中的成分。請(qǐng)看下表先行詞 主格 賓格 所有格 人who,thatwho(m),that whose 物which

4、,thatwhich,thatwhose,of which 定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞和先行詞一致定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞和先行詞一致. 注注:定語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句的限制定語從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句的限制。 The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother. (主句主句)The woman is my mother.(敘述客觀事實(shí)敘述客觀事實(shí) 用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)) (從句從句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday. (句中句中yesterday表示過去時(shí)間表示過去時(shí)間)

5、關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 1.who1.who指人指人, ,作主語或賓語作主語或賓語( (作賓語可省略）作賓語可省略）The man( who) I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom2.whom指人指人, ,作賓語作賓語 ( (作賓語可省略作賓語可省略, ,如如 介詞提前則不能省介詞提前則不能省) The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.the tallthe stro

6、ng the cleverboyThe boy is Tom.The boy who is tall is Tom.The boy who is strong is TomThe boy who is clever is Tom The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主語主語)The boy who has a round face is Tom. The boy is Tom. He sits in front

7、of me.The boy who sits in front of me is Tom. The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (who) everyone likes is kind. (賓語賓語) The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job. The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. The teache

8、r (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.1.The person _ you should write to is Mr Ball .2. The teacher from _ I learnt most was Mrs Zhu .3. The runner _ you are asking about is over there .4 .The girl _ you are looking for is in the classroom . 8. The person _ won the race was a woman from Sich

9、uan .whowhomwho/whomwho/whomwho2.which 2.which 指物，作主語或賓語指物，作主語或賓語 ( (作賓作賓 語可省略語可省略, ,如介詞提前則不能省如介詞提前則不能省) ) These are the trees which were planted last year.The TV set (which) he bought yesterday is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you bo

10、rrow books?applethe redthe greenthe smallthe bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is small.The apple which is green is big.mineyoursCan you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.Can you find the pen with which I wrote just now?Can you find the p

11、en (which) I wrote with just now? .1. The meeting _ we shall take part in will be held in a hotel .2. The factory _ I worked in for over two years has been closed . 3. The airport _ is 30 kilometres away is the only one in the city 4. The e-mail _ _ I received yesterday was from my sister.whichwhich

12、whichwhich關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 3.whose 3.whose 是代詞的所有格形式是代詞的所有格形式, , 它既可以它既可以代人也可以代物。代人也可以代物。 Please show me the book . Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red.I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen .I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.1. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.2. Is there a

13、student _ father is a business man?3. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.4.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.The scientist we met yesterda

14、y is very who famous in the world. whom that (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.The dress that she is wearing is new. which (3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.He is the kind person that I have ever worked who with. whom

15、This is the best film that I have ever seen. 1)This is the hero( whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the hero(that) we are proud of .2)The room (that) I live in is very big. The room (which) I live in is very big. The room in which I live is very big. The room wher

16、e I live is very big.注意: 固定動(dòng)介詞組不可分割固定動(dòng)介詞組不可分割,介詞不能提前介詞不能提前.例如例如:look after,look at 關(guān)系代詞與介詞關(guān)系代詞與介詞: 介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時(shí)面時(shí),介詞賓語只能用介詞賓語只能用which代物代物, 用用whom代人。代人。(介詞在末尾時(shí)介詞在末尾時(shí),關(guān)系詞可以省略關(guān)系詞可以省略) 單項(xiàng)選擇。 1. This is the job _they laughed at. A.which B.as C.it D.who 2. Beihai Park is a beautiful park_built a

17、bout 300 years ago. A.where was B.that were C.which was D.where3. Who was the grey-haired man _at yesterdays meeting?A.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seen4. The man _is painting the house is my uncle. A.heB.whom C.whose D.who5. What is the animal _baby is sleeping in its pocket? A.who B.

18、whose C.its D.whichACBDB6. This book is for the students _native language isnt English. A.that B.of whom C.whose D.whos7. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!Ill shoot anyone _moves!” A.whom B.that C.who D.whose8.The dictionary_he paid 50 yuan for is very useful. A.which B.for which C.on which D.about wh

19、ich9The boy_parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa now. A.whose B.who C.his D./10.The man_ is smoking is a bus driver. A. whom B.who C. which D. whatCCAAB 根據(jù)漢語完成句子：根據(jù)漢語完成句子：1.This is the engineer _ (給我們作關(guān)于計(jì)算機(jī)報(bào)告的給我們作關(guān)于計(jì)算機(jī)報(bào)告的) the other day.2.My necklace is not _. (唯一不見的東西唯一不見的東西).3.The man

20、_ (在這間房子里工作的在這間房子里工作的)is an English teacher.4.The old building_ (我們住的我們住的) has been here for 30 years.5.The history book _ (封皮是黃的）封皮是黃的）was lost.who gave us a talk about computersthe only thing thats missingwho works in the room(that/which) we live inwhose cover is yellow 根據(jù)漢語完成句子：根據(jù)漢語完成句子：6.Here is

21、 the pen _ . (你昨天丟失的）你昨天丟失的）7.This is the best book_ _. (我讀過的）我讀過的）8.I have lost the pen_. （我父親給我買的）（我父親給我買的）9.Wheat is a plant_ _. （中國北方（中國北方 種植的）種植的）10.I dont like the people_. (說得多說得多,做得少的）做得少的） (that)you lost yesterday.(that) I have ever read(which/that) my father bought me which/that is grownwh

22、o talk too much but do littlein the north of China 定語從句中需注意事項(xiàng)定語從句中需注意事項(xiàng) 有些情況下只用關(guān)系詞有些情況下只用關(guān)系詞that,而不宜用而不宜用which1.從句所修飾的詞又被從句所修飾的詞又被形容詞最高級(jí)形容詞最高級(jí)或或序數(shù)序數(shù)詞詞修飾時(shí)修飾時(shí) This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard. The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行詞

23、是先行詞是 something, nothing, anything，everything ,all，any ,many , none , the one等等不定代詞不定代詞時(shí)時(shí) Here is something( that) I will tell you.1. 我們?cè)卺t(yī)院一直照顧的老太太死了.The old lady whom we had taken care of in the hospital last year died.2. 你認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)警察一直在找的小偷嗎？Do you know the thief whom (who) the policeman has been looki

24、ng for?3.這是我們昨天參觀的那家工廠。 This is the factory (which/that ) we visited yesterday.5.我昨天收到的那封信是我的一個(gè)朋友寄來的。 The letter (which/that) I received yesterday was from a friend of mine6. 這是我們天天在那學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)校This is the school where/in which we study every day.7. 這是我們昨天參觀的學(xué)校 This is the school which we visited yesterda

25、y.8. 我喜歡和友善的人交朋友。I like to make friends with the person who is friendly .3.先行詞既有先行詞既有人人也有也有物物時(shí)時(shí),只能用只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 4.先行詞是先行詞是one of,the one, 或用或用 little, much, few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last 作修飾時(shí)作修飾時(shí) Is it the o

26、ne that you want ? I havent got much that I can offer you. 5.當(dāng)當(dāng)主句主句已有已有疑問詞疑問詞 who或或which時(shí)，用時(shí)，用that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? 關(guān)系代詞只能用which的情況1.關(guān)系詞前有介詞時(shí)，一般用which而不用that.This is the novel about which they are talking .2.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句（主句和從句之間用逗號(hào)隔開），用which 而不用thatThe students read En

27、glish aloud every morning , which is helpful tothem .注注: who、that在指人可以通用，但下列在指人可以通用，但下列宜用宜用 who,不用不用that 1).先行詞是先行詞是people ，one ，ones，anyone, someone, those，時(shí)，關(guān)系詞使用時(shí)，關(guān)系詞使用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. Is there anyone who wants to go there? 2).在在there be 句型中，先行詞指人句型中，先行詞指人,

28、關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞用用who There is an old man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him. 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞是用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的，它和關(guān)系是用來引導(dǎo)定語從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣代詞一樣,在從句中代替先行詞在從句中代替先行詞,在句中在句中作狀語作狀語。 where:在從句中作在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語地點(diǎn)狀語,指代地點(diǎn)指代地點(diǎn). when: 在從句中作在從句中作時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語,指代時(shí)間。指代時(shí)間。1.The hotel wasnt clean. + We stayed at the hotel.The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.The hot