【精品】高考英語(yǔ)詞匯練習(xí)及詳解(6)

1、2010高考英語(yǔ)詞匯練習(xí)及詳解（6）251. It is not profitable to provide bus services in districts where the population is widely _.   A. scattered    B. dismissed    C. separated    D. spread答案A. scattered.注釋scattered是scatter的過(guò)去分詞，也可作形容詞用，（=lying in different di

2、rections; not situated together, wide apart）分散的，散布在各處的。Separate分開的，spread傳播；攤開，dismiss解雇。252. There are usually at least two _ of looking at every question.   A. ways    B. directions    C. views    D. opinions答案A. ways.注釋two ways of looking at

3、every questions意指“觀察每個(gè)問(wèn)題的兩個(gè)方面”。253. He left in such a hurry that I _ had time to thank him.   A. almost    B. even    C. nearly    D. scarcely答案D. scarcely.注釋scarcely(=hardly, not quite, almost not)幾乎沒(méi)有。Scarcely是否定副詞，類似的有：hardly, barely, rarely,

4、 seldom, little等。研究生入學(xué)考試中經(jīng)常測(cè)試這類否定副詞的用法。254. As more and more cars are produced and used, so the _ from their exhaust-pipes contains an even larger volume of poisonous gas.   A. exposure    B. distribution    C. expansion    D. emission答案D. emiss

5、ion.注釋emission散發(fā)物，發(fā)射。exposure(to)暴露于：They believe that their health problems are the result of years of exposure to fine cotton dust.(他們認(rèn)為，他們的健康問(wèn)題是多年來(lái)暴露于棉花粉塵所致。)expansion膨脹，擴(kuò)大；Heat causes the expansion of gas.本題譯文：正如汽車的生產(chǎn)和使用越來(lái)越多一樣，汽車的排氣管的散發(fā)物內(nèi)所含的有毒氣體量也在增加。255. The book seems to have been _ from vario

6、us books and articles.   A. pieced together    B. taken off    C. broken away        D. pulled out答案A. pieced together.注釋piece together拼合，拼湊；take off起飛；break away from脫離；pull out拔出；駛出；（車）減速。256. We had a marvelous holiday: only th

7、e last two days were slightly _ by the weather.   A. damaged    B. hurt    C. ruined    D. spoiled答案D. spoiled.注釋spoiled使.掃興: A shower of rain spoiled our day's outing.257. I could tell he was surprised from the _ on his face.   A.

8、 appearance    B. view    C. sight    D. expression答案D. expression.注釋expression此處意指“表情”。Appearance表示人的“儀表，外表”。258. I'd like to take _ of this opportunity to thank you all for your cooperation.   A. profit    B. benefit &#

9、160;  C. advantage    D. interests答案C. advantage.注釋take advantage of(=make use of sth. for one's own benefit)利用：take advantage of my ignorance(利用我的無(wú)知)。259. If you ever have the _ to go abroad to work, you should take it.   A. possibility    B. offer&#

10、160;   C. luck   D. chance答案D. chance.注釋chance(偶然的)機(jī)會(huì)。Have與the(或 a) possibility不能搭配；常用There is a possibility for sb. to do sth.表示客觀存在的“可能性”。260. Scientists think they have _ in their attempt to find the causes of some major dieases.   A. broken through   

11、 B. worked out    C. fallen out        D. got round答案A. broken through.注釋break through(=be successful after overcoming a difficulty)突破；取得重大成果：Scientists hope to break through soon in their fight against heart disease.(科學(xué)家希望在與心臟病斗爭(zhēng)中很快取得重大成果。)本題譯文：科學(xué)家認(rèn)為他們?cè)谔?/p>

12、索某些重要疾病的病因中已取得重大突破。261. His test results are not very _. He does well one week and badly the next.   A. invariable    B. consequent    C. continuous    D. consistent答案D. consistent.注釋consistent 1)始終如一，前后一致：He is not consistent in his statements.

13、(他的話并不前后一致。) 2)與.一致：The story is not consistent with the facts. What you say is not consistent with what you do.262. The new safety regulations were agreed on after _ with the work-force.   A. conference      B. participation   C. intervention  

14、  D. consultation 答案D. consultation.注釋consultation商議：hold a consultation with sb. about sth.（與某人商談某事）。conference討論會(huì)；participation參加，參與；intervention干預(yù)，干涉。263. The room was so quiet that she could hear the _ of her heart.   A. hitting    B. beating   

15、C. tapping   D. knocking答案B. beating.注釋beating 此處是動(dòng)名詞，指“（心）跳”：Her heart was beating furiously.264. During World War II Malta managed to _ most of Italian and German bombers by throwing up an effective anti-aircraft screen.   A. put out    B. shut out  

16、60; C. come across    D. get across答案B. shut out.注釋shut out(=prevent from coming in; block)排除，排斥：They shut out our dust by having double windows.(他們用雙層窗戶防塵。)put out撲滅；get across越過(guò)；使人了解；come across偶然遇到。本題譯文：第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中，馬耳他建立了有效的防空屏障以防止意大利和德國(guó)的轟炸機(jī)侵入。265. I think we should let Maria go campi

17、ng with her boyfriend. _, she's a big girl now.   A. Above all    B. After all    C. First of all    D. For all答案B. After all.注釋after all畢竟。“for all + 名詞”意為“盡管”: For all his wealth, he was unhappy.(盡管他富有，但他并不幸福。)266. Jim's close _ to his

18、 brother made people mistake them for one another.   A. confusion    B. similarity    C. resemblance    D. imitation答案C. resemblance.注釋resemblance n. 像（to）。 resemble(vt.)像; She resembles her mother.(=She takes after her mother.)imitation模仿；仿效；co

19、nfusion混亂，混淆；similarity相似性。267. It has been decided that this company has the _ right to print Mr. Smith's novels.   A. eventual    B. versatile    C. extensive    D. exclusive答案D. exclusive.注釋exclusive(=reserved to the person(s) concerned)獨(dú)

20、有的；This bathroom is for the president's exclusive use.eventual最終的；versatile通用的，萬(wàn)用的；extensive廣泛的。268. He has recently _ chess to provide himself with some relaxation.   A. taken on    B. taken up    C. held on    D. held up答案B. taken up.注釋tak

21、e up開始從事。take on參閱，162,171注釋。hold on, hold up參閱，162,171注釋。269. What a terrible experience! _ , you are safe, that's the main thing.   A. Somehow    B. Anyhow    C. Somewhat    D. Anywhere 答案B. Anyhow.注釋anyhow(at= any rate; in any case)無(wú)

22、論如何，不管怎樣。270. John always tries to _ people who are useful to him professionally.   A. develop    B. provoke    C. correspond    D. cultivate 答案D. cultivate.注釋cultivate sb.結(jié)識(shí)（有地位的人），培養(yǎng)與.的友誼：He always tries to cultivate rich and famous peopl

23、e.(他總是極力結(jié)識(shí)有錢的知名人士。)本題譯文：約翰總是力圖結(jié)識(shí)在職業(yè)方面對(duì)他有用的人。271. Although he hasn't any formal qualifications, Betas _ to do well for himself.   A. managed    B. succeeded    C. arranged    D. convinced 答案a. managed.注釋manage to do sth.(=succeed in doin

24、g sth.)設(shè)法做成某事：1)He managed to escape to South America.(他設(shè)法逃到了南美。) 2)We managed to get what we wanted, anyhow.(我們反正設(shè)法得到了需要的東西。) 3)Do you suppose you can manage to get me a passport?(你能設(shè)法給我弄到一份護(hù)照嗎？)本題譯文：雖然他沒(méi)有正式的資力，但他收入很多。Do well for oneself吃香，收入多，改善自己的社會(huì)地位。272. The family is a cooperative enterprise f

25、or which it is difficult to _ rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways to deal with its own problems.   A. set up    B. put down    C. keep up    D. lay down 答案D. lay down.注釋lay down制定。參閱，97注釋。273. After a short holiday, he

26、 _ himself once more to his studies.   A. applied    B. converted    C. engaged    D. exerted 答案A. applied.注釋apply oneself to“致力于”。Apply one's mind to(專心于)。Apply to sb. for aid(向某人求援)。Apply a theory to practice(把理論應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐)。274. She felt _

27、 of having asked such a silly question when the audience couldn't help laughing.   A. guilty    B. crazy    C. miserable    D. ashamed答案D. ashamed.     注釋 be ashamed of因.感到羞恥，慚愧：1)He is ashamed of what he was done.2)She f

28、elt ashamed of having done so little.(=She felt ashamed that she had done so little.) 3)John was ashamed to ask for help.(他不好意思向人求助。) 4)Jim was ashamed to have troubled me with so many questions.Be guilty of犯有.罪，過(guò)失：1)He was found guilty. 2)I am not guilty of this crime.275. The driver can adjust the

29、 heating in winter and the air conditioning in summer to suit his own _.   A. leisure    B. preference    C. convenience    D. selection答案B. preference.注釋preference偏愛(ài)，更加喜歡：My preference is for beef rather than for lamb.(我更喜歡牛肉面不是羊肉。)276. There i

30、s not much time left; So I'll tell you about it _.   A. in detail    B. in brief    C. in short    D. in all答案B. in brief.注釋in brief(=in a few words)簡(jiǎn)短地（作狀語(yǔ)）,例如：He told me in brief what had happened.（他簡(jiǎn)短地向我講了已發(fā)生地事情。）此處in brief等于briefly。此處，in

31、 brief(=in a word, in short)簡(jiǎn)言之（作插入語(yǔ)）1)It is a long letter, but in brief, he says "No".(這是一封長(zhǎng)信，但簡(jiǎn)言之，他說(shuō)“不”。) 2)John is smart, polite, and well-behaved. In brief, he is admirable.此句中in brief意為in a word 或in short. in short作插入語(yǔ)，其意思是in a word(總之)。In detail詳細(xì)地。In all總計(jì)，總共：There are 20 in all.277

32、. She got married although her parents had not given her their _.   A. allowance    B. consent    C. permit    D. appreciation答案B. consent.注釋consent n. 同意，贊成；consent (to) vi.同意，如：consent to a plan(同意一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃)。allowance津貼。permit執(zhí)照，許可證。278. The rain w

33、as heavy and _ the land was flooded.   A. consequently    B. constantly    C. continuously    D. consistently答案A. consequently.注釋consequently (as a result)因而，所以。279. Magnificent views over the countryside have often _ people to write poems. 

34、0; A. convinced    B. inspired    C. induced    D. attracted答案B. inspired.注釋inspired鼓舞，激勵(lì)，產(chǎn)生：1)His speech inspired us to try again. 2)He inspired confidence in me.(他使我產(chǎn)生信心。) 3)The good news inspired us with hope.(這個(gè)好消息使我們產(chǎn)生希望。)280. From the cheers and sho

35、uts of _, I gathered that he was winning the race.   A. stimulus    B. urgency    C. encouragement    D. promotion答案C. encouragement.注釋encouragement鼓勵(lì)，支持：shouts of encouragement(鼓勵(lì)的歡呼聲)。本題譯文：從歡呼聲和鼓勵(lì)聲中，我猜想他正在贏得這場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽。281. She once again went throug

36、h her composition carefully to _ all spelling mistakes from it.   A. withdraw    B. abandon    C. diminish    D. eliminate答案D. eliminate.注釋eliminate(=get rid of, do away with)消除，排除，淘汰：1) Can the government eliminate poverty?（政府能否消除貧困？） 2)elimina

37、te slang words form an essay(從文章中去掉俚語(yǔ)詞)。282. When the little child caught sight of the young woman _ in white he started brawling immediately.   A. dressed    B. wearing    C. worn    D. putting on答案A. dressed.注釋be dressed in 穿這.衣服。Wear意為“穿著”是及物

38、動(dòng)詞，語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上與本題不符。Put on穿上，強(qiáng)調(diào)的動(dòng)作。283. Some areas, _ their severe weather conditions, are hardly populated.   A. due to    B. but for    C. in spite of    D. with relation to答案A. due to.注釋due to由于。有些語(yǔ)言專家認(rèn)為due to引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)，在句中只能作表語(yǔ)，如：1)His absence was due

39、to the storm. 2)The delay was due to heavy traffic. 3)This accident was due to his carelessness.但現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)里due to引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)可以作狀語(yǔ)用，如：He failed due to carelessness. Due to heavy traffic, he was late for an hour or so.284. Many university courses are not really _ to the needs of students or their future employer

40、s.   A. associated    B. relative    C. geared    D. sufficient答案C. geared.注釋be geared to與.相連接的，與.搭配得上的。Be relative to與.有關(guān)的：This is not relative to the accident.(這和這次事故無(wú)關(guān)。)本題意指courses(課程)是否與needs(需要)掛得上鉤，而不是一般得有點(diǎn)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)選geared.285. If we can _ our

41、 present difficulties, then everything should be all right.   A. get off    B. come across    C. come over    D. get over答案D. get over.注釋get over (difficulties)克服（困難）。286. Be careful how you _ that jug, it will break very easily.   A.

42、pour    B. operate    C. handle    D. employ答案C. handle.注釋handle意為“用手拿.”:Wash your hands before you handle my books.287. We suddenly saw the bus about to leave and had to run _ to catch it.   A. hardly    B. awkwardly  &

43、#160; C. hard    D. strongly答案C hard.注釋run hard意為“使勁跑”，句中hard是副詞。Hardly“幾乎不“，是否定副詞，與本題不符。288. He hated the war so much that he decided to leave the army _.   A. for long    B. once in a while    C. for good    D. once upon a time答案 C.

44、for good.     注釋 for good (=permanently)永久地:He says he's leaving the countryfor good. for long 長(zhǎng)久地。按本題題意，用 for long 不妥。once upon a time 從前。once in a while 偶爾。289. This year the farmers were just able to gather in the _ before the fine weather came to an end.   A. co

45、llection    B. harvest    C. flower    D. plant答案 B. harvest.     注釋 gather in “收獲(莊稼)”: The farmers are gathering in the corn.290. A successful scientist needs _ if he wants to make hypothesis (假設(shè)) of how processes work and how events

46、 take place.   A. permission     B. penetration    C. imagination    D. convention答案 C. imagination.     注釋 imagination 想象力；penetration 穿透；permission 允許; convention 慣例，常規(guī)。291. Tell your brother to come _, because it's goi

47、ng to rain in a minute or two.   A. indoors    B. outdoors    C. outward    D. inwards答案 A. indoors     注釋 按句子的邏輯意思應(yīng)選indoors adv. 向屋里；在屋里，inwards adv，向內(nèi)，向中心，outward 向外。outdoors 是 indoors 的反義詞。本文譯文: 叫你兄弟進(jìn)屋來(lái)，因?yàn)樘祚R上要下雨了.292. I ca

48、n't advise you what to do. You must use your own _.   A. opinion    B. guesswork    C. justice    D. judgment答案 D judgement     注釋 judgement 判斷。guesswork 猜測(cè)，justice 正義，公正，ideal 理想。293. Because of the poor harvest, wheat p

49、rices have _ in the last six months.   A. added    B. jumped    C. amounted    D. developed答案 B. jumped.     注釋 jump (=rise suddenly in price) 指“(價(jià)格)暴漲”。294. There is a 20 minute parking _ here, so we must get back to the car

50、 very quickly.   A. freedom    B. limit    C. allowance    D. prohibition答案 B. limit.     注釋 parking limit 意為在停車場(chǎng)“停車的時(shí)間限制”。a 20 minutes parking limit (停車時(shí)間限制為20分鐘).295. The country needs a _ government. We have had three Prime Ministers in a year.   A. stationary    B. changeless    C. constant   D. stable答案 D. stable.注釋 stable 穩(wěn)定的。stationary 靜止的，不變的，固定的。ch