牛津譯林版初中英語9AUnit3Teenageproblems語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)及相關(guān)習(xí)題

1、Unit 3 Teenage problems（B）一. 教學(xué)內(nèi)容：9A Unit 3 Grammar二. 教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1. To-i nfin itives 動(dòng)詞不定式2.“ wh” words + -infinitive 疑問詞+不定式動(dòng)詞3. Sentence types 句子的四種類型【具體教學(xué)過程】（一）To-infinitives 動(dòng)詞不定式Subject （主語）To plant trees every year is necessary.不定式作主語常能換成形式主語“ it ”.To eat too much is un healthy for you.It is un heal

2、thy for you to eat too much.To lear n En glish well is importa nt.It is importa nt to lear n En glish well.我們相信早上讀英語是有幫助的.We believe it is helpful to read En glish in the morning.Predictive （表語）My dream is to be a great football player.不定式作表語，說明主語的內(nèi)容，性質(zhì)，特征，能接不定式作表語的名詞有：purpose, job 等1. 我的目的是幫助你提高你的英

3、語水平。My purpose is to help you improve your En glish.2.赫本的夢(mèng)想是成為一個(gè)成功的芭蕾舞者。Hepburn s dream was to becomesaccessful ballet dancer.Object （賓語）不定式可以接在有些動(dòng)詞后作賓語，如：hope, promise, plan, learn, decide,remember, forget, seem1. 請(qǐng)你不要忘記參加我們的俱樂部派對(duì)。Please don f6rQet to take part in our club party.2. 他決定上課時(shí)不再講話了。He d

4、ecided not to talk in class any Ion ger.（不定式的否定形式是在不定式前直接加not）下列句子中哪個(gè)是賓語？dream, plan, duty, aim,choose, prepare, agree,Wearing red can make it easier for you to take action.“it 可以代替不定式作賓語，稱之為形式賓語。能加形式賓語的動(dòng)詞通常有老師應(yīng)該使學(xué)生學(xué)英語容易。:make, find, consider, feelTeachers should make it easier for stude nts to lear

5、 n En glish.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)打電腦游戲有趣。We find it in teresti ng to play computer games.Object Complement （賓語補(bǔ)足語）My pare nts do not allow me to go out after 6 p.m.不定式作賓補(bǔ)，此時(shí)賓補(bǔ)與賓語有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。這樣的搭配有:allow sb. to do sth.n eed sb. to do sth.advise sb. （not） to do sth.want sb. （not） to do sth.tell/ ask /order sb. （not） to

6、do sth.1. 媽媽告訴我雨天不要騎自行車。My mother tells me not to ride a bike on a rainy day.有些動(dòng)賓結(jié)構(gòu)可以接省略“ to 的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。（使役動(dòng)詞）make/ let/ have sb. do sth.（感官動(dòng)詞）see/hear/notice/watch sb. do sth.2. 米麗的父親每天讓她做很多練習(xí)。Millie s father makes derplenty of exercises.3. 有人看到他走進(jìn)那幢高樓。Some one saw him walk into that tall build ing.被動(dòng)

7、語態(tài)在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中“ to 要還原。Millie is made to do ple nty of exercises.He was see n to walk into that tall buildi ng.動(dòng)詞“help 既可以帶“to ”也可以帶省略 “to 的不定式。This can help us （to） relax and make our lives more in terest ing.Attributive （定語）Mr Wu is always the last to leave.不定式作定語通常放在被修飾的詞之后。1. 我還有一些事情要說。I have some mor

8、e to say.2. 有必要告訴他事實(shí)的真相。There is n eed to tell him the truth.3. He said he found a chair to sit on.有一些名詞后?？梢杂貌欢ㄊ阶鞫ㄕZ1. It s time to go to school.2. Jim said there was no time to go to the hospital .3. Which is the way to go to the cin ema?Adverbial （to express purpose 表目的）He stayed there to see what

9、would happe n.不定式可用作狀語表目的。You d better take more exercise to keepealthy.People liv ing in cold climates prefer to use warm colours to create a warm and comfortable feeli ng there. Adverbial (to expressresult 表結(jié)果)Linda came back home to find her house on fire.不定式可以作狀語表結(jié)果The little baby has grow up to

10、 be a beautiful girl.隨堂練習(xí)：用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.1 have a lot of homework_(do) every day.2. I want to refuse_(do) so much work.3. I hope_ (hear) from you soon.4. My dream is_(be) a great football player.5. I believe it is importa nt for us_ (spe nd) some time on our hobbies.(二)wh words + toinfinitive 疑問詞 + 不

11、定式動(dòng)詞疑問詞：疑問代詞 “who, whom, what, which, whose ”疑問副詞 when, where, how 連接詞whether”Yao Ming 未決定下一步干什么。Yao Ming hasn t decided_next.Su Min gjua n decided_.(至 U 哪兒工作)Bill Gates knew_ ( 怎樣幫助 )children.隨堂練習(xí)：選詞填空:how which what when where1. When I go into the clothes shop, I always can t decidene to buy.2. My

12、 grandfather doesn t know_to use a computer.3. A: Will you please show me_to drive a car?B: Yes, of course. Now let me tell you_ to do first.4. I will tell Lucy_and_ to meet.注意點(diǎn)：1. 適用于 疑問詞+不定式動(dòng)詞”的動(dòng)詞包括：ask, explain, forget, know, remember, tell, decide, find out, hear, learn, see, understand, conside

13、r, discover, guess, think,wonder, 等。 ”We must know what to say at a meeti ng.He could not tell whom to trust.There are so many kinds of tape- recorders that I can t decide which to buy.2. 這結(jié)構(gòu)可與賓語從句互換，例如：I could not decide which dict ionary to buy.=I could not decide which dict ionary I should buy.Ja

14、ck did not know where to find such a good teacher.=Jack did not know where he could find such a good teacher.I don t know where to go now.=I don t know where I should go now. 隨堂練習(xí) :把下列句子改成簡(jiǎn)單句1) The old lady found out where she could buy cheaper fruits.The old lady found out _ _ _ cheaper fruits.2) W

15、ill you show us how we can make a model plane?Will you show us _ _ _ a model plane?3) She hasn t told me what I should do and what I should not do.She hasn t told me _ _ _ and what _ _ _ .4) Have you decided which dress you will take?Have you decided _ dress _ _ ?3.有些動(dòng)詞，如“ ask, show, tell,advise, i

16、nform, teach 等，可以先有賓語，然后才接著加上適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡栐~+不定式動(dòng)詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Please show us how to do that. 請(qǐng)給我們演示如何去做。He taught us how to use a computer. 他教我們?nèi)绾问褂糜?jì)算機(jī)。精選試題 :1. There s no differenee between the two words. I really don河南 know_.(A. what to choose B. which to choose C. to choose which D. to choose what2. The stude

17、nts of Class One will spend their winter holiday in Shenzhen, bu t the students of Class Two haven tdecided_ . ( 廣東省 )A. what to buyB. how to goC. where to goD. which to choose3._ the computer is a problem.A. How to useB. What to useC. Which to useD.Where to use4.The Frenchman didn t know _ this wor

18、d in Chinese.A. how to tellB. how to speakC. how to sayD.how to talk(三)Sentence types 句子的四種類型Statements Questions Imperatives Exclamations No.1 Statements: To give informationPositive statements:He is a boy.The girls are reading.We like English.They saw a film yesterday.Tom will help us.They have be

19、en there.He can speak Chinese.Negative statements:He isn t a boy.The girls aren t reading.We don t like English.They didn t see a film yesterday.Tom won t help us.They haven t been there.He can t speak Chinese.No.2 Questi ons: To ask for in formati on or request things 一般疑問句(Ge neral questi on s)Is

20、Sim on playi ng football?Does he like apple?Did you call me last ni ght?Are they wait ing for me?Can/May/Must/Should特殊疑問句(Special questions)What is Sim on doi ng?Who is the old man?Why are you late?When did you come back?How do you go to school?Where do you live?How do you know that?選擇疑問句(Alternativ

21、e Questions )Do you like football or basketball?Do you want tea or coffee?反意疑問句(Tag-Questions)Jim is a boy, isn t he?He doesn t know her, does he? 他不認(rèn)識(shí)她，對(duì)不對(duì)？No.3 Imperatives: To give orders.Positive(Please) come in .Sit dow n.Go with me.Look at the blackboard.Follow me.Let s sing together.Let s have

22、 a big dinner.NegativeDon t come inwill you?No.4 Exclamati ons: To express strong feeli ngs.What+ n.+(主語+謂語動(dòng)詞)!What a nice girl（she is）!What beautiful fields!What clea n water!How+ adj. +（主語+謂語動(dòng)詞）!How beautiful （my hometow n is）!How clea n （the water is）!How big（the room is）!隨堂練習(xí)：按要求改寫下列句子1）The clev

23、er boy can speak Japanese well.（改成一般疑問句否定句）_ the clever boy_ Japa nese well?The clever boy_speak Japa nese well.2）Max felt stressed and angry last year.（對(duì)劃線部分提問）_ Max feel last year?3）Please turn off the lights.（改成否定句）_turn off the lights,_ .4）We often use yellow stationery when we study for exams.（

24、 改成祈使句 ）_ yellow statio nery whe n we study for exams.5）The room looks very peaceful.（改成感嘆句 ）_ the room looks!6）All of boys had a nice time last night.（改成感嘆句）_ all of boys had last n ight!【模擬試題】（答題時(shí)間：20 分鐘）一、單項(xiàng)選擇1.1_ much time_ my homework yesterday.A. took; to doB. cost; doingC. spe nts; to doD. sp

25、e nt; doing2. I hope_ soon.A. to hear a letter of youB. to hear from youC. to hear a letter from youD. to hear from you letter3. I n the country we can hear the birds_all the time.A. to si ngB. singingC.sin gsD.sang4. The teacher asked Mr. Smithfor a mome nt.A. holdi ng onB. holds onC.held onD.to ho

26、ld on5. Sue findsdifficult to play basketball.A. thatB. thisC.itD.it s、完成下列句子。1. Simon doesn t know_ 做什么）.2. Sandy wants to know_ （至 U 哪兒尋求建議 ）.3. Millie doesn t know_ 軍決）her problem.4. Simon just forgot_ (什么時(shí)間接)his frien ds.5. You should decide_ (做哪個(gè))first.6. Paul knows_(跟誰談)for help.7. She knew_ (

27、給誰)this to.8. I can t decide_ 踢足球 )or do homework.三、 用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1._ The house is not big enough(live ) in.2.It is hot .Let s_ in the river. ( swim )3.1 saw a car_ across the bridge just now. ( go)4. I d like you_ my parents soon. (meet )5 It importa nt_ n glish well. ( lear n )6. Do you enjoy_ story books? ( read )7. You d better_at home. (stay )8. The teacher told the stude nt_ that any more .( no t ,do )四、 漢譯英：1. 他們只是需要學(xué)會(huì)如何在工作和玩之間取得平衡。They just n eed_ .2. 今天似乎比昨天冷多了。The weather_ .3.我不想和那些取笑別人的學(xué)生交朋友。I don t want_the students