語(yǔ)法專題復(fù)習(xí)3：名詞性從句

1、語(yǔ)法專題復(fù)習(xí)三:名詞性從句名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞,可分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。因此,名詞性從句廳分為主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位從句。(一引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞1、連接代詞:who, whose, whom, what, which。有詞義,在從句中擔(dān)任成分,如主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、或定語(yǔ)等。2、連接副詞:when, where, why, how。有詞義,在從句中擔(dān)任成分,作狀語(yǔ)。3、連接詞:that, whether, if, as if。that 無(wú)詞義,在從句中不擔(dān)任成分,有時(shí)可省略;if (whether, as if雖有詞義,但在從句中不擔(dān)任成分。注意:連接代詞與連接副

2、詞在句中不再是疑問(wèn)句,因而從句中謂語(yǔ)不用疑問(wèn)式。連接代詞與連接副詞在從句充當(dāng)句子成分,連接詞whether 和if(是否,as if(好象在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分,只起連接作用。根據(jù)句義,如果連接代詞與連接副詞,whether、if 和as if都用不上時(shí),才用that作連接詞(that本身無(wú)任何含義。(二主語(yǔ)從句1、主語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句作主語(yǔ)。e.g. Who will go is not important.2、用it作形式主語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)從句放在句末。e.g. It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not.3、that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí),不能

3、省略。e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.(三表語(yǔ)從句1、表語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ),位于系動(dòng)詞之后。e.g. The question was who could go there.2、引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞that有時(shí)可省去。e.g. My idea is (that we can get more comrades to help in the work.(四賓語(yǔ)從句1、賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞that一般可省略。e.g. I hope (that everything is all rig

4、ht.2、介詞之后的賓語(yǔ)從句,不可用which或if連接,要分別用what或whether。e.g. Im interested in whether youve finished the work.Im interested in what youve said.3、whether與if都可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,?？苫Q。但下面情況不能互換。賓語(yǔ)從句是否定句時(shí),只用if,不用whether。e.g. I wonder if it doesnt rain.用if 會(huì)引起誤解,就要用whether。e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.(此句如果

5、把whether改成if,容易當(dāng)成條件句理解賓語(yǔ)從句中的whether 與or not直接連用,就不能換成if;不直接連用,可換。e.g. I dont know whether or not the report is true.I dont know whether/ if the report is true or not.介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句要用whether引導(dǎo)。whether 可與不定式連用。whether也可引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句,還可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,以上均不能換成if。但引導(dǎo)條件從句時(shí),只能用if,而不能用whether。e.g. It depends on whet

6、her we have enough time.They dont know whether to go there.Please come to see me if you have time.(五同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句在句中作某一名詞的同位語(yǔ),一般位于該名詞(如:news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等之后,說(shuō)明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。e.g. I have no idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.練習(xí):名詞性從句一、判斷下列各

7、句哪句含有名詞性從句,并指出是什么從句:1. China is no longer what it used to be.2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.5. The news that they had won the game soon spread

8、 over the whole school.6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.7. That is where Lu Xun used to live.8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?10. I wonder why she refused my invitation.二、用適當(dāng)

9、的連詞填空:1. I cant decide _ dictionary I should buy.2. Thats _ he refused my invitation.3. I am very interested in _ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.4. _ we need is more time.5. The fact _ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.6. _ and _ they will meet has

10、not been decided yet.7. Please tell me _ you are waiting for.8. Is that _ you are looking for?9. Would you please tell me _ the nearest post office is?10. I dont know _ he will agree to the plan or not.1.(安徽高考,27The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _ he r

11、eaches these limits will depend on his environment.A. whereB. whetherC. thatD. why2.(浙江高考,4I made a promise _ this year, my first in high school, would be different.A. whetherB. whatC. thatD. how3.(全國(guó)高考I,24It is by no means clear _ the president can do to end the strike.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what4

12、.(上海高考,40The map is one of the best tools a man has _ _ he goes to a new place.A. wheneverB. whateverC. whereverD. however5.(重慶高考,34Evidence has been found through years of study _ childr ens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.A. whyB. howC. whetherD. that6.(湖南高考,26Ever

13、yone in the village is very friendly. It doesnt matter _ you have lived there fora short or a long time.A. whyB. howC. whetherD. when7.(福建高考,35We promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A. whoB. whomC. whoeverD. whomever8.(北京高考,24Jerry did not regret giving the

14、 comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently.A. whyB. howC. thatD. whether9.(天津高考,9It doesnt matter _ you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park.A. whetherB. howC. ifD. when10.(江西高考,25It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office.A. whetherB. w

15、hereC. whichD. that11.(陜西高考,20As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best.A. whatever B whichever C. whenever D. wherever12.(四川高考,17Scientists study _ human brains work to make computers.A. whenB. howC. thatD. whetherA. will doB. had doneC. doD. did(模塊四第3單元task1

16、3.(遼寧高考,34The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _ he could find about Mark Twain.A. whereverB. howeverC. whateverD. whichever14.(山東高考,21Whenever you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or _.A. whoeverB. whereverC. whateverD. however15.(山東高考,25It doesnt mat

17、ter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.A. howB. whetherC. whatD. why16.(江蘇高考,27The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.A. whenB. thatC. whetherD. how17.(上海高考,34There is much truth in the idea kindness is usually served by frankness.A. whyB. whichC. th

18、atD. whether18.(上海高考,38We've only got this small bookcase. Will that do?No, _ _ I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger.A. whoB. thatC. whatD. which19. He was never satisfied with _.A. what she had achievedB. had what she achievedC. she had achievedD. that she achieved20. These ph

19、otographs will show you _.A. what does our village look likeB. what our village looks likeC. how does our village look likeD. how our village looks like21. Peter insisted _ he pay the bill.A. on thatB. whatC. thatD. on which22. They urged _ the library open during the vacation.A. whenB. whereC. whyD

20、. that23. We wish we could have learned _ when we were at high school.A. what you didB. that you had doneC. that what you didD. what did you do24.1 will describe to you _ I saw when there.A. whatB. thatC. whichD./25. From _ I should say he is a good worker.A. what 1 know of himB. that I do know of himC. what do I know of himD. that do I know of him26. I will give this dictionary to _ wants to have it.A. whomeverB. anyoneC. whoeverD. someone27._ they will come here hasn' t been decided yet.A. WhatB. Tha