上傳教案模板jiaoan 試題

1、定語從句?？贾R點定語從句是主要用來修飾它前面的先行詞（名詞或代詞）的從句，所以又稱形容詞從句。根據(jù)與先行詞的關系，定語從句可分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。定語從句主要考查引導定語從句的關系代詞或關系副詞；介詞關系代詞以及非限制性定語從句。具體考點如下：考點一：引導定語從句的引導詞有關系代詞（who, whom, which, that, whose）和關系副詞(as, when, where, why)等。但是當下列情況出現(xiàn)時，對引導詞有特殊要求。1.指物只能用 that不用which 的情況 1).當先行詞是不定代詞時,如: all, little, much, none, one

2、, everyone, something, anything, everything, nothing 等。 2).當先行詞被the only, the very, the same, little, few, no, 等修飾時。 3).當先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時。 4).在疑問詞who、which、what開頭的句子中。5)當定語從句為there be 句型時，關系代詞只能用that,也可以省略。This is the fastest train (that) there is to Beijing.6).當主句是以which 或 who 開頭的特殊疑問句時，關系代詞只能用 th

3、at。Who is the girl that is talking with Mr. Brown？7).如果出現(xiàn)兩個或兩個以上的先行詞，并同時兼指人和物時，關系代詞用that。We are talking about the people and countries that we have visited.8).當先行詞在定語從句中做表語時，關系代詞只能用that,也可以省略。如：China is not the country (that) it was. 2.指物只能用which 不用that的情況 1).在非限制性定語從句中 2).在介詞后面3.指人時只能用who不用 that的情況

4、 1).先行詞為one, ones或anyone. 2).先行詞為those. 3).在there be開頭的句子中。 Eg: There is a man who called himself Mr. Wu at the gate. 4). 在非限制性定語從句中。4.“the same .as”, “such.as” 中的as 可以指人或物，作從句的主語、賓語、表語或介詞的賓語。如：Such money as he earned was spent on spirits and tobacco. Is this the same mosquito as bit you just now?He

5、 was not half such a coward as we took him for. 5.why引導表示原因的定語從句，其先行詞一般是reason。當主句主語是reason時，作主句表語的成分不能有because和because of 。其結構一般為the reason whyis that，或者 the reason that is that，如： He did not tell us the reason why he was late again.The reason why （that）he didn't come is that he was ill. 考點二：在“

6、介詞+which / whom”的結構中，介詞的選擇取決于三種情況：1.定語從句中謂語動詞或表語的搭配 This is the college in which I am studying.He is the man about whom we are talking.2.先行詞與介詞的習慣搭配 當先行詞表示“領域、方面”時，如：aspect, respect, area, field等，用 in which；當先行詞表示“價格、利率、速度”時，如：rate, price, speed 等，用at which；當先行詞表示“程度”時，如：degree, extent等，用 to which；當

7、先行詞表示“根據(jù)、依據(jù)、基礎”時，如：grounds, foundation, basis等，用 on which； The speed at which the machine operates is shown on the meter. 儀表上顯示出這臺機器的運轉(zhuǎn)的速度。It is useful to be able to predict the extent to which a price change will affect supply and demand. 3.當定語從句為最高級時只能用of which，否則用其他介詞I have five dictionaries of w

8、hich Longman Dictionary is the best.I have five dictionaries among which Longman Dictionary is published in UK. 注意：不可拆分的動詞短語介詞不能提前，如put up with；有的短語可能有不同的介詞搭配，此時需要根據(jù)上下文來確定。如：be familiar with / to ; compare with / to。 考點三：當先行詞為表示時間的名詞（如：time, day, year, week, month, occasion）或地點的名詞（如：place, room, cit

9、y, country）時，一般用關系副詞 when 或 where. 分別相當于in which, at which, on which。但是當這些表示時間或地點的名詞作從句的賓語時，則要用關系代詞that 或which。I can't forget the days when (in which) I lived with you.Can you tell me the day when (on which) the first satellite was sent into space?China is the only country where (in which) wild

10、pandas can be found.Ill never forget the village where I spent my childhood.I will never forget the days that (which) I spent in Beijing University. (本句days 作spend 的賓語，故用關系代詞that / which )I have never been to Beijing, but its the place that I most want to visit.(本句place 作visit 的賓語。) 考點四：非限定性定語從句不能用t

11、hat引導, 一般用引導詞which / as或who（指人），非限定性定語從句既可以修飾主句的部分內(nèi)容，也可修飾主句的全部內(nèi)容。as引導的非限定性定語從句既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，但which或who引導的非限定性定語從句不能放在主句句首。As we all know, the moon is a satellite of the earth.The large area is covered with thick snow, which affects people's life greatly.His speech, which bored us to death,

12、 was over at last.Her sister, who lived in another city, was coming to visit her.關于非限制性定語從句，應該注意：1非限制性定語從句和單句的比較 I am reading Harry Porter, which is an interesting book. He failed in the exam. That made his parents angry. He failed in the exam, which made his parents angry. He has two sons. Both of

13、them are teachers. He has two sons, both of whom are teachers.2as 引導的非限制性定語從句與it。The earth is round. It is known to all. The earth is round, which is known to all. As is known to all, the earth is round. It is known to all that the earth is round. as 具有“正如”之意，搭配的動詞一般是固定的，如：as you know/ as you see/as we planned/as we expected/as is reported. 3.as 引導的限制性定語從句與其他從句的比較 This is the same book as I lost.這本書和我丟的那本一模一樣。(定語從句) This is the same book that I lost.這本書就是我丟的那本。(定語從句) This is such an interesting book