[計算機]6DHCP動態(tài)主機協(xié)議服務器配置

1、；.一、 實訓目的掌握linux下DHCP服務器的安裝與配置掌握linux下DHCP客戶端的配置二、 項目背景某企業(yè)計劃構(gòu)建一臺DHCP服務器來解決IP地址動態(tài)分配的問題，要求能夠分配IP地址以及網(wǎng)關(guān)、DNS等其他網(wǎng)絡(luò)屬性信息。同時要求DHCP服務器為DNS、WEB、Samba服務器分配固定的IP地址。該公司的網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲圖如下圖所示。三、 實訓練習1.安裝DHCP服務roothome # mount /dev/cdrom /media /掛載RHEL的安裝光盤mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only

2、roothome # ls /media /查看光盤內(nèi)容autorun RELEASE-NOTES-U3-bn.htmlEULA RELEASE-NOTES-U3-de.htmlGPL RELEASE-NOTES-U3-enimages RELEASE-NOTES-U3-en.htmlisolinux RELEASE-NOTES-U3-es.htmlREADME-bn.html RELEASE-NOTES-U3-fr.htmlREADME-de.html RELEASE-NOTES-U3-gu.htmlREADME-zh_TW.html RELEASE-NOTES-U4-es.htmlRedH

3、at RELEASE-NOTES-U4-fr.htmlroothome # rpm -ivh /media/RedHat/RPMS/dhcdhclient-3.0.1-59.EL4.i386.rpm dhcpv6-0.10-17_EL4.i386.rpmdhcp-3.0.1-59.EL4.i386.rpm dhcpv6_client-0.10-17_EL4.i386.rpmdhcp-devel-3.0.1-59.EL4.i386.rpmroothome # rpm -ivh /media/RedHat/RPMS/dhcp-3.0.1-59.EL4.i386.rpm /安裝DHCP軟件，如果安裝

4、過就無需安裝。警告：/media/RedHat/RPMS/dhcp-3.0.1-59.EL4.i386.rpm: V3 DSA 簽章：NOKEY, key ID db42a60e錯誤：統(tǒng)計 /media/cdrom 失?。簺]有那個文件或目錄準備中. # 100% 1:dhcp # 100%2.DHCP服務器的配置roothome # ls /etc/dhcpd.conf /查看是否有dhcp配置文件/etc/dhcpd.confroothome # more /etc/dhcpd.conf /查看dhcpd.conf文件內(nèi)容，發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有具體的參數(shù)。# DHCP Server Configurat

5、ion file.# see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.sample#roothome # rpm -ql dhcp|more /查詢dhcp軟件相關(guān)的所有文件，找到dhcp配置文件模板/etc/dhcpd.conf/etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcpd/etc/rc.d/init.d/dhcrelay/etc/sysconfig/dhcpd/etc/sysconfig/dhcrelay/usr/bin/omshell/usr/sbin/dhcpd/usr/sbin/dhcrelay/usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.1/usr/shar

6、e/doc/dhcp-3.0.1/README/usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.1/RELNOTES/usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /這個文件就是dhcpd.conf的配置文件模板/usr/share/man/man1/omshell.1.gz/usr/share/man/man5/dhcp-eval.5.gz/usr/share/man/man5/dhcpd.conf.5.gz/usr/share/man/man5/dhcpd.leases.5.gz/usr/share/man/man8/dhcpd.8.gz/usr/sh

7、are/man/man8/dhcrelay.8.gz/var/lib/dhcp/var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leasesroothome #roothome # cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-3.0.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcpd.conf /將文件模板復制到/etc下覆蓋同名文件。cp：是否覆蓋/etc/dhcpd.conf? y roothome #vi /etc/dhcpd.conf /使用vi編輯器打開這個文件并編輯。下面的內(nèi)容是原內(nèi)容。ddns-update-style interim;ignore client-updates

8、;subnet netmask # - default gateway option routers ; option subnet-mask ; option nis-domain "" option domain-name "" option domain-name-servers ; option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time# o

9、ption ntp-servers ;# option netbios-name-servers ;# - Selects point-to-point node (default is hybrid). Don't change this unless# - you understand Netbios very well# option netbios-node-type 2; range dynamic-bootp 28 54; default-lease-time 21600; max-le

10、ase-time 43200; # we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address host ns next-server ; hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD; fixed-address 54; 在原配置文件的基礎(chǔ)上進行修改，修改后的內(nèi)容如下ddns-update-style interim;ignore client-updates;subnet netmask /指定子網(wǎng)為 ，子網(wǎng)掩碼為c類#

11、 - default gateway option routers 54; /指定客戶機的默認網(wǎng)關(guān)地址 option subnet-mask ; /指定客戶機的子網(wǎng)掩碼# option nis-domain "" /此項暫時不用，行前加#作為注釋 option domain-name "" /此項設(shè)置DNS域名 option domain-name-servers ; /此項設(shè)置DNS服務器地址 option time-offset -18000; # Easte

12、rn Standard Time# option ntp-servers ;# option netbios-name-servers ;# - Selects point-to-point node (default is hybrid). Don't change this unless# - you understand Netbios very well# option netbios-node-type 2; range dynamic-bootp 01 00; /此項設(shè)置客戶機獲取的

13、IP地址范圍 default-lease-time 21600; /默認租期 max-lease-time 43200; # we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address /以下設(shè)置host聲明為指定的mac地址的主機設(shè)置指定的IP地址。 host webserver hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD; fixed-address 0; host dnsserver hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CE; fixed-address ; host sambaserver hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CF; fixed-address ; roothome # netconfig /此