一般過去時的用法

1、一般過去時的用法一、概念1表示在的過去某個時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。時間狀語有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等。如：1）I was at the zoo yesterday. 昨天我在動物園。2）I went to bed at eleven last nigth. 昨晚我11：00睡覺。2表示在過去一段時間內，經常性或習慣性的動作。1）When I was a child, I often played football in the street.我在小的時候，我經常在街道上踢足球。2）My father often drove

2、 to work last year. 去年，我爸爸經常開車上班。二、句子結構1在表示某個時間里存在的狀態(tài)的句子，系動詞用過式was，were構成。如：（1）I was at home yesterday.昨天我在家。（2）We were in the gym just now. 剛才我們在體育館。2在表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作，用動詞的過去式構成。如：I visited my uncle yesterday. 昨天我拜訪了我的叔叔。3各種句式（1）一般過去時的肯定陳述句：主語 動詞過去式 賓語或表語。He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.（2）一般過去時的

3、否定句：a主語 didnt 動詞原形賓語。(did + not = didnt)He didnt do morning exercises yesterday.b主語 wasnt/werent 表語。(was + not = wasntwere + not = werent)He wasnt an English teacher ten years ago.（3）一般過去時的一般疑問句：aDid 主語 動詞原形賓語 ？Did you study English in 1990 ?bWas/Were + 主語 表語 ？Was he a pupil five years ago ?（4）一般過去時

4、的特殊疑問句：a特殊疑問詞 did + 主語 動詞原形 賓語？Where did your parents live five years ago？What did you do last Sunday？b特殊疑問詞 were/was 表語？Who was at the zoo yesterday?三、時間特征在一般過去時句子中，通常與下列表示過去的時間狀語連用：yesterday, yesterdaymorning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening, the day before yesterday（前天）, last night, last w

5、eek, last month, last year, a moment ago（剛才）, just now（剛才）, two days ago, a week ago, in 1990,四、動詞過去式的構成規(guī)律(一)規(guī)則動詞的過去式1.一般情況下，在動詞原形后面加-ed。 looklookedplayplayedstartstartedvisitvisited2.以不發(fā)音e結尾的動詞，在詞尾直接加-d。liveliveduseused3.以“輔音字母+ y”結尾的動詞，先將 y 改為i ,再加 ed。studystudied, trytriedflyflied4.以重讀閉音節(jié)（即輔音元音輔音

6、）或r音節(jié)結尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞，要先雙寫這個輔音字母后，再加 ed。stopstoppedplanplanned, preferpreferred(二)不規(guī)則動詞的過去式1.改變動詞中的元音beginbegan drinkdrank comecame eatate growgrew runran knowknew winwon speakspoketaketook writewrote getgot2.變詞尾的d 為t buildbuilt lendlent sendsent spendspent bendbent3.與動詞原形一樣cutcut putputcostcost hur

7、thurtshutshut4.變-ay 為-aid (少數(shù)動詞)saysaid paypaid laylaid 5.采用不同詞根:sellsold teachtaught buybought6.其他am/iswasarewerehave/hashaddodid五、加“-ed”后的讀音方法1.ed加在清輔音后面讀/t/。finished /-t/help /-t/asked /-t/2.ed加在濁輔音或元音結尾的，讀/d/。played /-d/lived /-d/enjoyed /-d/3.ed加在/t/或/d/后面，讀/id/。wanted /-tid/needed /-did/visite

8、d /-tid/六、句式變化(一)、一般過去式的一般疑問句1.把was, were放在句首，其余位置不變。由Was？引導的一般疑問句，肯定答為：Yes,I/he/she/it was.否定回答為：No,I/he/she/it wasnt. 如果是第一人稱，要把was改為were。由Were？引導的一般疑問句，肯定回答為：Yes, we/they were.否定回答為：No, we/they werent.如：（1）I was born in Shanghai.Were you born in Shanghai?Yes, I was. (肯定回答)No, I wasnt. (否定回答)（2）Th

9、ey were in Li Yans home last night.Were they in Li Yans home last night?Yes, they were. (肯定回答)No, they werent. (否定回答)(3)It was cloudy yesterday afternoon.Was it cloudy yesterday afternoon?Yes, it was. (肯定回答)No, it wasnt. (否定回答)2.在行為動詞的句子中，要用助動詞詞did來引導，其余的語序不變。要注意的是，要把行為動詞的過去式改為原形?？隙ɑ卮馂椋篩es, did. 否定回

10、答：No, didnt.如：（1）John played computer games last night.Did John play computer games last night?Yes, he did. (肯定回答)No, he didnt. (否定回答)(2)They took a trip to Hang Zhou last summer?Yes, they did. (肯定回答)No, they didnt. (否定回答)（二）、一般過去式的否定句1.在表示過去存在的狀態(tài)的句子中，相接在was, were的后面加上not。如：（1）He was in the park the

11、 day before yesterday.He was not in the park the day before yesterday.(2)We were busy last week.We were not busy last week.2.在表示過去的時間發(fā)生的動作的句子中，要在行為動詞的前面加助動詞didnt.然后把過去式的行為動詞改為動詞原形。即：didnt + 動詞原形。如：（1）She played the violin last night.She didnt play the violin last night.(2)They swam in the lake yesterday.They didnt swim in the lake yesterday.(三)、一般過去式的特殊疑問句1.What did ?（主要是詢問過去發(fā)生了什么事情，注意要把過去式改為動詞原形。）We ate Chinese food last night.What did we eat last night?2.Where did?( 主要是詢問過去事情發(fā)生的地方。)They sang and dance in the music