美國與歐洲歷史與現(xiàn)狀

1、 The historic and current relationship between Europe and the U.S. time sequence o ? -1914, Prewaro 1914-1945, two wars o 1945-2000, Post Waro 2000- now, new millennium Prewar o The New World (1498, Columbus) o Colonization (16071753) 1620, May Flowero Independence Day (1776.7.4)o 1783-1914 America

2、falls far behind the Europeand the Europe has great impact on itin politics, economy and culture, etc. Two warso 1914-1918 o 1939-1945 二戰(zhàn)至冷戰(zhàn)期間，美國掌握了資本主義世界的二戰(zhàn)至冷戰(zhàn)期間，美國掌握了資本主義世界的霸權，元氣大傷的歐洲附庸于美國。西歐諸國均需霸權，元氣大傷的歐洲附庸于美國。西歐諸國均需要美國的經濟援助，自然靠近美國。歐洲成為美國要美國的經濟援助，自然靠近美國。歐洲成為美國對抗蘇聯(lián)的工具。美國從經濟軍事政治上控制歐洲。對抗蘇聯(lián)的工具。美國從經濟軍

3、事政治上控制歐洲。Postwar1)1945-19901947-1991,cold war(1st,1959)1949,NATO：North Atlantic Treaty Organization冷戰(zhàn)結束后，歐洲一體化趨勢加強，實力增強，冷戰(zhàn)結束后，歐洲一體化趨勢加強，實力增強，不斷沖擊著美國的地位，逐漸成為與美國相抗不斷沖擊著美國的地位，逐漸成為與美國相抗衡的一極。衡的一極。Postwar2)The decade of the 1990s1993 EU( 12-28) The end of the Cold War gave new opportunities to both NATO a

4、nd the European Union to spread East, and bring the economic, political and security benefits to a wider area. 2000 EUUSThe Ties That Bindo Common values, overlapping interests, and shared goalso security and prosperity , interdependent.Duality o Cooperationo ImbalanceeconomypoliticssecurityEconomy

5、o Interest: the most integrated economic relationship (financial crisis)o Dispute： 1）EU: based on a close economic tie of all regions 2）US: open market, free trade area, bilateral economic cooperationPoliticso President Bush 1) emphasis on working with partners and allies 2) improvement in the tone

6、of transatlantic relations o President Obama warm and friendly Dispute on foreign policyo 分歧表現(xiàn):雙方對應采取何種方式對付對國際和平與安全構成威脅的國家的問題上意見相左。o US: economic sanction經濟制裁o EU: dialogueSecurity (911)o U.S.-EU cooperation on counterterrorism has been strong.o The universal European reaction to those attacks was o

7、ne of sympathy for America, and horror at the outrage.Arguments over the military operation in Iraq in 2003o US: impatient for decisive action; o UK: UN authority for military action;o Germany and France: more time for the inspection process. The attempt to achieve a further resolution to give autho

8、rity for military action was unsuccessful. Cooperation & Competition Transatlantic cooperation is strong on many key issues, but some concerns also persist. As the United States and Europe deal with changing geopolitical realities, some new anxieties are surfacing about the current and future of the transatlantic partnership.The Future of European American Relationso 第一第一, , 美歐將進一步加強在安全問題上的協(xié)調。美歐將進一步加強在安全問題上的協(xié)調。o 第二第二, , 對北約的改造將成為未來一段時期美歐互動對北約的改造將成為未來一段時期美歐互動的重點議題。的重點議題。o 美歐關系在經過冷戰(zhàn)之后的調整期后美歐關系在經過冷戰(zhàn)之后的調整期后, , 會繼續(xù)保持會繼續(xù)保持較為密切的態(tài)勢。只不過這種密切反映的是朋友間較為密切的態(tài)勢。只不過這種密切反映的是朋友間平等的關系平等的關系, , 而非過去那