第五章連詞(共6頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質文檔-傾情為你奉上 第五章 連詞基礎掃描連詞是用來連接單詞、短語或句子的詞。按照性質劃分，連詞可分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。并列連詞連接的是彼此平等的并列分句，主要用來表示并列關系、轉折關系、選擇關系、因果關系。從屬連詞連接的句子之間是主從句關系。本章著重講解并列連詞的用法，從屬連詞的用法會在名詞性從句和狀語從句中分別講解。下表為并列連詞按照構成的分類。類別典型例詞簡單連詞Ø and和，but但是，or或者，because因為，so所以，if如果關聯(lián)連詞Ø bothand兩者都，not onlybut also不僅而且，notbut不是而是分詞連詞Ø prov

2、iding如果，provided如果，given假如，supposing如果短語連詞Ø as if仿佛，even if即使，as long as只要as though仿佛，even though即使考點透析與典題示例考點1：以and為代表的表示語義引申的并列連詞用法經典例句這一類并列連詞在語義上表示其所連接的成分是對前項的補充和引申。主要包括：And和，并且；both and兩者都；not onlybut also不僅而且；neither nor既不也不。Ø Gary and I went to the Great Wall yesterday. 我和Gary昨天去長城了。

3、Ø Both he and his wife enjoy tennis. 他和他的妻子都喜歡網球。Ø He is not only strong and healthy but also very smart. 他不僅強健，而且很聰明。Ø It is neither hot nor cold in winter here. 這里冬天既不熱也不冷?？键c拓展and連接并列成分除表示語義增補以外，還可表示其他意義：表順承；表對比和轉折；表結果；表因果。Ø I will set my goal and work toward it. 我要確立

4、目標，然后為之努力。Ø Gary likes table tennis and Mary enjoys watching TV. Gary喜歡乒乓球而Mary喜歡看電視。Ø Love and you will be loved. 去愛別人，你就會得到別人的愛。Ø I missed supper and I'm starving! 我沒吃午餐，所以我現在餓極了。例1.Help others whenever you can _ you will make the world a nicer place to live in. A. and B. or C.

5、unless D. but考點2: 以but為代表的表示表轉折關系的并列連詞用法經典例句這類并列連詞包括：but但是，而是；while然而（表示對比）；yet然而；not but不是而是。注意 but常用在“Excuse me，I'm sorry”等表示歉意的短語后，為習慣表達方式。Ø You cant not change your past, but you can let it go. 你無法改變過去，但你可以忘記過去。Ø My life is limited while knowledge is limitless. 我生有涯而知識無限。Ø She

6、 said she would be late, yet she arrived on time.她說她會遲到，但她卻準時到達了。Ø Its not the beginning of the end, but the end of the beginning. 這并不是結局的開始而是開端的結局。Ø Excuse me, but I'm afraid this is a no-smoking area. 對不起，但恐怕這里不是抽煙區(qū)。Ø Im sorry to trouble you, but can you help me with this word?

7、非常抱歉打擾你，但是你能告訴我這個單詞是什么意思嗎？例1. Somebody wants you on the telephone. _ no one knows Im here. A. For B. And C. But D. So例2. They wanted to charge $ 5,000 for the car, _ we managed to bring the price down.A. but B. so C. when D. since例3. I hope you dont mind me asking, _ where did you buy those shoes? A

8、. so B. and C. yet D. but例4. Between the two generations, it is often not their age, _ their education that causes misunderstanding.A. like B. as C. or D. but 例5. I'd like to study law at university _ my cousin prefers geography.A. though B. as C. while D. for例6. The cost of living in Glasgow is

9、 among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. A. since B. when C. as D. while考點3：以or為代表的表示選擇關系的并列連詞用法經典例句這類并列連詞包括：or或者，否則；either or或者或者。注意 連接并列成分時，一般在肯定句中用and，在否定句中用or。Ø Give me liberty or give me death. 不自由，勿寧死。Wear your coat or you'll catch cold.

10、 穿上外套，否則你會感冒的。Ø It's your choice! Either she leaves or I will! 你來決定！要么她離開要么我走。Ø He is tall and handsome. 他既高大又英俊。Ø He doesn't have a television or a radio. 她既沒有電視也沒有收音機。例1. Were going to the bookstore in Jones car. You can come with us _ you can meet us there later. A. but B.

11、and C. or D. then例2. You have failed two tests. Youd better start working harder, _ you wont pass the course. A. and B. so C. but D. or例3. I dont like chicken _ fish.I dont like chicken _ I like fish very much. A. and; and B. and; but C. or; and D. or; but 例4. I grew up in Africa _ at least I should

12、 say that I spent much of the first ten years of my life there. A. and B. or C. so D. but考點4：表示因果關系的連詞用法經典例句表因果關系的并列連詞主要有：so所以；for因為。Ø I was feeling hungry, so I made myself a sandwich. 我覺得好餓，所以自己動手做了個三明治。Ø I am not afraid of tomorrow, for I have seen yesterday and I love today. 我不害怕明天，因為多

13、已經歷過昨天，而且我熱愛今天。例1. The shop doesn't open until 11 a.m., _ it loses a lot of business.A. for B. or C. but D. so專心-專注-專業(yè)經典演練與疑難突破1. Reality is not the way you wish things to be, nor the way they appear to be, _the way they actually are. A. as B. or C. but D. and2. Start out right away, _ youll mis

14、s the first train. A. and B. but C. or D. while3. We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, _, in fact, there were 40. A. while B. whether C. what D. which4. I do every single bit of housework _ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then. A. since B. while C. when D. as5. I think G

15、eorge doesnt really care for TV plays.Right, _ he still watches the program. A. and B. but C. or D. so6. There are many kinds of sports, _ my favorite is swimming. A. as B. then C. so D. but 7. Excuse me for breaking in, _ I have some news for you. A. so B. and C. but D. yet8. One more week, _ we wi

16、ll accomplish the task. A. or B. so that C. and D. if綜合訓練與最新預測1. I cannot tell whether she is old or young, _ I have never seen her.A. but B. or C. for D. so2. Mr. Li is very old, _ he still works very hard. A. but B. if C. when D. as3. We had camped _ they knew what to take.A. because B. now C. so

17、D. since4. Our government should pay attention _ to industry _ to agriculture.A. either, or B. neither, nor C. not, but D. both, and5. Im sorry to have to say this, _ you forgot to turn off the lights when you left the room last night. A. and B. but C. so D. because6. _ regular exercise is very impo

18、rtant, its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.A.It B. As C.Although D.Unless7. The form cannot be signed by anyone _ yourself. A. rather than B. other than C. more than D. better than8. Try_ she might, Sue couldnt get the door open.A. if B. when C. sine D. as9. To be great, you must

19、be smart, confident, and, _, honest.A. therefore B. above all C. however D. after10 .Someone wants you on the phone. _nobody knows I am here.A. AlthoughB. And C. But D. So11. Find ways to praise your children often, _ youll find they will open their hearts to you.A. tillB. orC. andD. but12. Bring th

20、e flowers into a warm room _ they'll soon open. A. or B. and C. but D. for13. The haouse was too expensive and too hig. _, Id grown fond of our little rented house.A.Besides B.Therefore C.Somehow D.Otherwise14. The girl had hardly rung the bell the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed

21、 out to greet her. A. before B. until C. as D. since15. _ our manage objects to Toms joining the club, we shall accept him as a member. A. Until B. Unless C. If D. After16. The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _they have the interest. A. wherever B. whene

22、ver C. even if D. as if17. Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one _it becomes availableA. as soon as B. unless C. as far as D. until18. Our holiday cost a lot of money. Did it? Well, that doesnt matter_ you enjoyed yourselves.A as long as B unless C as soon as D thoug

23、h19. Nowadays some hospitals refer to patients _ name, not case number. A of B as C by D with20. Mary made coffee _ her guests were finishing their meal .A. so that B. although C. while D. as if21. The little boy wont go to sleep _ his mother tells him a story.A. or B. unless C. but D. whether22. Th

24、e old man asked Lucy to move to another chair _ he wanted to sit next to his wife.Aalthough Bunless Cbecause Dif23. _ they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures. A. As B. While C. Until D. Once24. I wonder how much you charge for your services.The first two

25、 are free the third costs $30.A. while B. until C. when D. before25 .John plays basketball well, _his favorite sport is badminton.A. so B. or C. yet D. for26. You may use room as you like _ you clean it up afterwardsA. so far as B. so long as C. in case D. even if27. At first he hated the new job bu

26、t decided to give himself a few months to see_ it got any better.A. when B. how C. why D. if28. _ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.A. Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as29. Owen wouldnt eat anything _ he cook

27、ed it himselfA. until B. since C. unless D. while30. The medicine works more effectively _ you drink some hot water after taking it.A. as B. until C. although D. if答案與精解考點透析與典題示例考點1：以and為代表的表示語義引申的并列連詞例1【思路分析】下劃線前是一個祈使句，本題用連詞and表示其結果。 答案題意】選A；能幫助他人時就幫，這樣你就會把這個世界變成更好的居住之地?？键c2: 以but為代表的表示表轉折關系的并列連詞例1【

28、思路分析】題干中兩句話之間存在著明顯的轉折關系，故應用But。【答案題意】選C；有人打電話找你。但是沒有人知道我在這里呀。例2【思路分析】根據題意可知本題應用表示轉折關系的but?！敬鸢割}意】選A；這輛車他們想要價5000美元，但是我們設法把價錢殺了下來。例3【思路分析】but常用在表示引出請求的短句之后，表示語義上的輕微轉折?！敬鸢割}意】選D；我希望你不介意我的問題，（不過）你那雙鞋從哪里買的？例4【思路分析】Not but意為是“不是而是”，用以連接兩個并列成分。【答案題意】選D；兩代人之間的誤解往往不是他們的年齡而是他們所接受的教育引起的。例5【思路分析】此處表示兩種情況之間的對比，應用

29、連詞while?！敬鸢割}意】選C；我想去大學學習法律，而我的表弟更喜歡學習地理。例6【思路分析】題干中逗號前后的兩個分句中的lowest和highest在語義上形成顯明對比，故下劃線處應用while?！敬鸢割}意】選D；格拉斯哥的生活費用在英國處于最低水平的行列，而那里的生活質量很可能處于最高水平的行列?？键c3：以or為代表的表示選擇關系的并列連詞例1【思路分析】在come with us和meet us there later兩者之間選擇，故本題應用表示選擇的并列連詞or?！敬鸢割}意】選C；我們要坐Jone的車去書店，你可以跟我們一塊兒去或者一會兒你到那兒找我們也行。例2【思路分析】四個選項中

30、只有or符合題意，意為“否則”，表示要避免的一種壞的結果?！敬鸢割}意】選D；你已經兩次不及格了。你最好開始努力學習，否則你別想通過這門課的考試。例3【思路分析】連接否定句的并列用or；第二句話表轉折，選but?！敬鸢割}意】選D；我不喜歡吃雞也不喜歡吃魚。我不喜歡吃雞但我很喜歡吃魚。例4【思路分析】or (at least)此處引導同義詞或說明語，對前文進行糾正或者再給出些更詳細的信息?！敬鸢割}意】選B；我在非洲長大，或者至少可以說我出生后的頭十年都是在那里度過的?？键c4：表示因果關系的連詞例1【思路分析】題干中的第二句是第一句的結果，故應用連詞so來表示?！敬鸢割}意】選D；這家商店一直到上午1

31、1點才開門，所以這家店損失了很多生意。經典演練與疑難突破1. C題意：現實不是你所期望那樣，也不是它們所看起來的那樣，而是它們實際存在的樣子。not nor but為固定的關聯(lián)連詞，用以幾個并列的成分，意為“既不是也不是而是”。2. C 題意：趕快出發(fā)，否則你就誤了火車了。or意為“否則”，符合題意，在這里表示為了避免發(fā)生糟糕的事情。3. A題意：我認為餐廳里有35個學生，而事實上那里有40個。根據題意可知本題應用while表示對比關系。4. B 題意：我在家里各種瑣碎家務都做，而我的老公Bob只是偶爾做洗洗餐具。此處用while表示前后兩種情況的對比。5. B題意：我認為George并不太喜

32、歡看電視劇。對，不過他仍然還看電視。6. D題意：運動有好多種，但我最愛游泳。題干中兩個分句之間的關系為轉折，故下劃線處應用but。7. C題意：很抱歉，打斷一下，我有一些消息要告訴你。“I am sorry, but”和“Excuse me, but”為習慣表達方式。8. C題意：再有一個星期，我們就能完成工作。One more week為一個省略式的祈使句，下劃線處用連詞and表示其結果。綜合訓練與最新預測1. C題意：我說不出她究竟多大年齡，因為我從未見過她。2. A 題意：他已經上了歲數了但是工作起來還是那么努力。But表轉折。3. C 題意：我們以前野營過一次，所以知道該帶什么東西。

33、So表結果。4. D 題意：我們政府既要重視工業(yè)也要重視農業(yè)。Bothand意思是“即也”連接兩個并列成分。5. B題意：很抱歉說這些，但是你昨晚離開時忘了關燈。“I am sorry, but”和“Excuse me, but”為習慣表達方式。6. C【解析】although“盡管”; As “如”; Unless “除非”。句意為：盡管有規(guī)律的運動很重要，但是在睡前運動不是一個好主意。7. B8. D【解析】題目前半句說，她試過；后半句說Sue不能打開門，明顯前后兩句意思相反。As表示雖然，盡管。9. B10. C【解析】前半句為：有人給你打電話；后半句為：沒有人知道我在這兒，根據句子意思

34、可知前后兩句明顯為轉折關系，因此選C。11. C【解析】分析前后分句邏輯關系，是條件或假設關系，而且“祈使句+and/or/otherwise”固定句型所以選C.12. B【解析】固定句型祈使句+and/or+簡單句。根據題意，應為順承關系。13. A【解析】句意為這個房子太貴太大。我已經對我的小的租用房越來越感興趣了。根據前后句判斷出為并列關系。Besides 此外，表并列，therefore 因此，表因果，somehow 無論如何，表轉折，otherwise 除此之外，表轉折。選A。14. A解析根據 “rung the bell” 和 “the door was opened “的發(fā)生先后, 可以得出答案。句子的含義是：女孩還沒來得及按門鈴, 門就突然打開了。她的朋友們一擁而上去歡