人教新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)上Unit1語(yǔ)法學(xué)案（無(wú)答案）

1、Unit1語(yǔ)法講解 1、 復(fù)合不定代詞的構(gòu)成：復(fù)合不定代詞是由some, any, no, every加-body,-thing,-one構(gòu)成，列表如下： 某人Someone 某人 某物，某事 任何人 任何人 任何事物 沒(méi)有人No one 沒(méi)有人 沒(méi)有東西 每人 每人 一切肯定句somebody=someone某人something某物somewhere某地否定句not any=noanybody= anyoneanythinganywhere否定意義（沒(méi)有）nobody= no onenothing/nowhere everybody=everyone每人eve

2、rything每樣?xùn)|西everywhere每個(gè)地方 （ 到處）2、 復(fù)合不定代詞或副的構(gòu)成及用法 由some, any, no, every分別加上-body, -thing, -one構(gòu)成的不定代詞叫做合成不定代詞；，somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere用作副詞。用法： （1）合成不定代詞在句中可以作主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等。 N 沒(méi)有人 will listen to him. He wants something to eat. （2）不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。 There （be） nothing wrong with

3、the TV. Everybody l （like） reading. （3）some-不定代詞，通常用于肯定句中；any-不定代詞則多用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句中。但some-可用于表請(qǐng)求、邀請(qǐng)、預(yù)料對(duì)方會(huì)作肯定回答時(shí)的疑問(wèn)句中。 帶some 的復(fù)合不定代詞也可以用在表示說(shuō)話人希望得到肯定回答或表示請(qǐng)求，建議，詢問(wèn)的疑問(wèn)句中。如：Would you like _ to eat?A. something B anyting C. everything D nothing 4 帶any的復(fù)合不定代詞用在肯定句中帶有“任何人，任何事”的意思。Anyone who breaks the law will b

4、e thrown into prison.As a teacher, I would do anything for my students.5 而帶any的復(fù)合不定代詞常用在否定句或許if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中. （如果有一些重要的事情） please let me know.6 指人的復(fù)合不定代詞合寫(xiě)與分開(kāi)寫(xiě)，其意思和用法不同，以any為例。anyone 僅指人 任何人，某人， 不和of連用any one 即指人，也指物， 任何一個(gè)的意思 可以于of連用Anyone can do the job. 我們當(dāng)中任何人 can do the job.7 復(fù)合不定代詞的定語(yǔ)位置復(fù)合不定代詞被定語(yǔ)修

5、飾的時(shí)候，定語(yǔ)必須放在不定代詞 。特別是當(dāng)修飾的定語(yǔ)比較復(fù)雜的情況下要認(rèn)真分析，弄清詞序間的修飾關(guān)系。復(fù)合不定代詞若被定語(yǔ)(形容詞、不定式，else修飾，定語(yǔ)要后置。There is _ _ in todays newspaper.報(bào)紙上有一些重要的信息。Do you have _ _ _?你有什么要說(shuō)的嗎Ask _ _ to help you.另請(qǐng)個(gè)人來(lái)幫幫你有什么新鮮事要告訴我嗎?Do you have _ _ to tell me?no one與none的區(qū)別(1) none意為”沒(méi)有一個(gè);毫無(wú)，既可指人也可指物通常與表范圍的of短語(yǔ)連用。(2) none作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)形式，

6、而 no one(=nobody)意為”沒(méi)有人”，只能指人，不能與of 短語(yǔ)連 用，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。 _ _these questions _ easy， and _ _can answer them這些間題沒(méi)有一個(gè)是容易的，沒(méi)有人能回答出來(lái)_ _ is at home.沒(méi)有人在家。(2)回答who引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)用no one; 回答how many或 how much(除去提問(wèn)價(jià)格的情況)引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)用none。一 Who was late?誰(shuí)遲到了?一 _ _誰(shuí)也沒(méi)有遲到。How many hens do you keep?你養(yǎng)了幾只母雞?_ _一只也沒(méi)養(yǎng)。-Wha

7、ts on the table? -_ -Who is in the classroom?- _ _( No one)8.特別要注意的是帶any的復(fù)合不盯代詞不能再用否定式。如：Anything could not be seen in that dark room. (F) 要表達(dá)否定意思，只可以用對(duì)應(yīng)的全部否定的詞代替。如：Nothing could be seen in that dark room2、 不定副詞somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere。 1. anywhere與somewhere anywhere意為“在任何地方”，常用于否定句和

8、疑問(wèn)句中。 I can t find my glasses _我到處都找不到我的眼鏡如果用在肯定句中，表示無(wú)論何處，隨便哪個(gè)地方”。An accident can happen _.任何地方都可能發(fā)生事故。You can go_ you like. Just dont come close to me!你可以去你喜歡的任何地方，只要不靠近我(2) anywhere作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。_is OK.隨便哪個(gè)地方都可以。(3) anywhere被定語(yǔ)修飾時(shí)，定語(yǔ)應(yīng)后置。 Do you plan to go _ _ for your winter vacation?寒假你計(jì)劃去什么不

9、同的地方嗎? somewhere意為“在某處；到某處”，常用于肯定句中。 I lost my key _ near here.Everywhere到處 相當(dāng)于 here and there，可用各種句式。nowhere無(wú)處; 哪里都不 相當(dāng)于mot. anywhere，可用于各種句式I looked for my pet cat _， but I couldnt find it_ I thought it was _in the village， but I found it_at last.我到 處找我的寵物貓，但是哪里都找不到它。我認(rèn)為它在村子里的某個(gè)地方，但最終我在任何地方都沒(méi)有找到它。

10、專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1、 練習(xí)題1 There is _ with your car.A. nothing wrong B. wrong nothing C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing 2 He asked me if there was _ to read. A. easy enough something B. enough easy somethingC. something easy enough D. something enough easy3 s calling me. （有人正在叫你） 4. There isnt else there（沒(méi)有什么特別的東西

11、）. 5. over there? （那兒有有一些有趣的事情嗎）6. Could you give me to eat? （你能給我一些美味的東西吃嗎）7. There is (美味的東西)on the table. .8. There is _ _ in todays newspaper.報(bào)紙上有一些重要的信息。9. Do you have _ _ _?你有什么要說(shuō)的嗎10 Ask _ _ to help you.另請(qǐng)個(gè)人來(lái)幫幫11.Do you have _ _ to tell me?你有什么新鮮事要告訴我嗎?12.You can go_ you like. Just dont come

12、close to me!你可以去你喜歡的任何地方，只要不靠近我2、 用不定代詞或不定副詞填空：1. I cant hear anything = I can hear _.2. There is _ on the floor. Please pick it up.3. Did _   go to play basketball with you ?4. I phoned you last night, but _ answered it.5. I dont think _ telephoned.6. Why dont you ask _ to help you ?

13、7. If you want _ , please let me know.8. Shall we get _ to drink ?9. Dont worry. Theres _ wrong with your ears.10. Theres _ in the box. Its empty.11. Maybe _ put my pencil _. I cant find it _.三單項(xiàng)選擇1. “I dont think I am different from _ else. I am just the son of a farmer,” Mo Yan said.A. anyone B. n

14、obody C. someone D. everyone2. There is _ wrong with your watch. Look! It works well.A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything3. Good morning, class. Is _ here?No, sir. Tom is absent(缺席).A. anyone B. everyone C. no one D. someone4. Everything _ready. A. are B. is C. be D. were5. Did you meet _ in the street?A. a very tall someone B. very tall anyone C. someone very tall D. anyone very tall6. How was the school trip yesterday?Great. _ had a good time.A. Everyone B. No one C. Someone D. Anyone7.