【學(xué)習(xí)必備】英文書信格式及范文

1、英文書信格式及范文書信是重要的交際工具。英文書信分為兩大類:公務(wù)信件和私人信件。公務(wù)信件是單位與單位或單位與個(gè)人之間來往的書信,可能是推薦信、求職信、入學(xué)申請(qǐng)書、邀請(qǐng)信,或詢問、答復(fù)、反映意見(如投訴信等的信件。私人信件是指親戚朋友之間的通信。這兩類書信各有自己的格式。一般說來,私人信件不拘形式,信文多用手寫,也可打印;公務(wù)信件要求比較嚴(yán)格,必須遵循一定的格式,信文一定要打印。第一節(jié)英文書信的結(jié)構(gòu)英文書信一般由以下六部分組成:信頭、信內(nèi)地址、稱呼、正文、結(jié)尾、簽名。5.1.1 信頭(Heading信頭是指發(fā)信人的地址和日期,通常寫在第一頁的右上角。行首可以齊頭寫,也可以逐行縮進(jìn)寫。地址的書寫順

2、序由小到大:門牌號(hào)、街道、城市、省(州、郵編、國名,最后寫發(fā)信日期。私人信件一般只寫寄信日期即可。例如:123 Tianhe RoadTianhe DistrictGuangzhou 510620Guangdong ProvinceP. R. C.Jan. 8, 20105.1.2 信內(nèi)地址(Inside Address信內(nèi)地址要寫收信人的姓名和地址。在公務(wù)信件中要寫明這一項(xiàng),在私人信件中,這一項(xiàng)常常省略。該項(xiàng)寫在寫信日期下一行的左上角,格式與寄信人地址一樣。5.1.3 稱呼(Salutation稱呼是對(duì)收信人的稱謂,應(yīng)與左邊線對(duì)齊,寫在收信人姓名、地址下面1-2行處。在稱呼后,英國人常用逗號(hào)

3、,美國人則常用冒號(hào)。在私人信件中可直呼收信人的名字,但公務(wù)信件中一定要寫收信人的姓。大部分信件在稱呼前加“Dear”。如:Dear Professor/Prof. Bergen:Dear Dr. Johnson,對(duì)不相識(shí)的人可按性別稱呼:Dear Sir: 或Dear Madam: Dear Ladies。如果不知收信人的性別則可用Dear Sir or Madam:5.1.4 正文(Body of Letter正文是書信的主體。與中文信件不同的是,英文書信的正文的開頭不是先寫一些問候語,再闡明寫信的目的,而是直接說明寫信人的身份及寫信的目的,然后提出寫信人的情況、想法或要求,并加以必要的解釋

4、或說明。英文書信陳述目的時(shí),應(yīng)該直截了當(dāng),意思明確,層次清楚,言簡意賅。書信正文的第一句話或第一段,通常被稱為起首語。一般說來,人們習(xí)慣用一些客套的寫法作為書信正文的起始,即先將對(duì)方來信的日期、主題加以簡單描述,以便使對(duì)方一看便知該信是回答哪一封信的。如果是第一次給別人寫信,也可用開頭語作必要的自我介紹,并表明自己寫信的主要目的。5.1.5 結(jié)尾禮詞(Complimentary Close公務(wù)信件的結(jié)尾禮詞包含兩部分:發(fā)信人的結(jié)尾套語與署名。結(jié)尾套語寫在簽名上面一行,第一個(gè)字母要大寫,套語結(jié)尾后面要加逗號(hào)。在公務(wù)信件中,發(fā)信人常用的結(jié)尾套語有:Yours truly, Yours sincer

5、ely, Respectfully yours, Cordially yours, Yours cordially等。私人信件中,發(fā)信人常用的結(jié)尾套語有:Sincerely yours, Lovely yours, Your lovely, Your loving son/daughter 等。5.1.6 簽名(Signature寫信人的簽名常位于結(jié)尾禮詞正下方一二行。除非是給很熟悉的人寫信,簽名一般須寫出全名。簽名常常較潦草,不易辨認(rèn),因此在簽名的正下方須打印出全名。范文:A Letter to A SchoolmateJune 23, 2001Dear Xiao Wang,Im very

6、glad to learn that youre going to visit me during the week-long holiday. My parents will also be happy to see you again. I am sure you will enjoy every minute here.I have arranged our schedule for the holiday as follows. On the first day you arrive, Ill show you around our campus. On the second day,

7、 well visit the art gallery and the music hall. Next day, well climb a hill in the northeastern part of the city. On the top of the hill, we can have a wonderful birds eye view of the city. During the next three days, well make some short trips to some places of interest nearby, such as the Swan Cav

8、e, the Golden Lake, etc. On the last day, Ill see you off at the railway station.Please remember to call and tell me your train number and time of arrival so that I can meet you at the railway station. By the way, its very hot here and we have a lot of sunshine, so dont forget to wear you sunglasses

9、.Im looking forward to seeing you soon.Sincerely yours,Zhang Ying寫信日期稱呼正文第一段:表示歡迎正文第2段:活動(dòng)安排第一天的安排第二天的安排第三天的安排第4-6天的安排第七天:送行正文第三段(注意事項(xiàng):注意事項(xiàng)一注意事項(xiàng)二結(jié)束語結(jié)尾禮詞簽名上面舉的是私人信件的例子,下面我們?cè)賮砜匆环馔对V信(Letter of Complaint。投訴信的目的是為了讓收信人讀信后同情你的遭遇,解決你所遇到的問題。所以寫投訴信時(shí)應(yīng)該實(shí)事求是地反映情況,注意措辭,不使用過多的諷刺或責(zé)備的語言,也不要因?yàn)榘l(fā)泄怒氣而離題,以避免引起收信人的不信任或反感。

10、一般而言,投訴信包括以下內(nèi)容:提出要求和理由;解釋詳細(xì)的情況;把請(qǐng)求具體化以及希望收信人采取行動(dòng)的日期等。例如: September 1, 2001Dear Sir or Madam:Im writing to complain about a typewriter I bought seven months ago.In February of 2001 I bought a Jones Typewriter, Portable Special Model, at ABC Store, I had used it only a few days when the space bar brok

11、e.I took it to a local shop, they told me it was factory defect and suggest I take it back to ABC. ABC accepted the machine and sent the part in. I waited three months, and since your company did not send a replacement, they let me have the space bar from another typewriter.Now, six months later, it

12、 has broken again. I took it back to ABC. They are no longer carrying your typewriter, but they assured me that the guarantee is still good and suggested that I write you for further instructions as to what steps to take. I will appreciate anything you can do to help us on this matter. Respectfully,

13、 (Signature James Bergen 寫信日期 稱呼正文第一段：表明寫信的目的正文第二段：具體 說明購買產(chǎn)品的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及出現(xiàn)的問題第三段：說明嘗試的解決方 法 第四段：說明嘗試的解決方案無效，請(qǐng)求幫助結(jié)尾禮詞簽名打印 的姓名 這是一封態(tài)度冷靜、措辭有理、有節(jié)的投訴售后服務(wù)不周的信。 由于這類信涉及經(jīng)銷商（廠家）和賣方，因此，投訴信中寫明了以下 詳細(xì)的情況： 1） 購物的時(shí)間：In February of 2001 2） 購物地點(diǎn)： at ABC Store 3） 產(chǎn)品型號(hào)：Jones Typewriter, Portable Special Model 4） 使用時(shí)間：I had

14、 used it only a few days；six months later 5） 主要問題：The space bar broke 6） 產(chǎn)生問題的原因：factory defect 7） 為什么向你方反映： They are no longer carrying your typewriter, but they assured us that the guarantee is still good and suggested that I write you for further instructions as to what steps to take. (商店已沒有貴公司的打

15、字機(jī)，但他 們讓我相信， 保修卡仍有效， 并建議我寫信給貴公司以尋求解決辦法 此外，寫信人還用了禮貌的結(jié)束語： I will appreciate anything you can do to help us on this matter. (貴公 司在這件事上給我的任何幫助都將令我不勝感激 參考文章: A Letter to a Roommate March 16, 2002 Dear Xiao Zhang, Recently I have noticed that you have been smoking heavily, which is becoming a serious prob

16、lem. As long as you are in, our bedroom is filled with that terrible smell. The ashtray always overflows with cigarette butts. Your are ruining your health, destroying brain cells which can never be replaced, not to mention the damage to your lungs and windpipes. Smoking, especially heavy smoking, c

17、orrelates highly with lung cancer. It is possible that youll be caught up with it. Im not scaring you. Besides, smoking is also harmful to the health of our roommates and the friendship among us. The roommates avoid being in the bedroom for fear of being polluted. As a result, the brotherhood among roommates is gra