初中賓語從句

1、Object Clauses賓語從句一教學任務一教學任務 賓語從句賓語從句 二教學重點二教學重點 1.1.賓語從句的概念賓語從句的概念 2. 2.賓語從句的引導詞賓語從句的引導詞 3.3.賓語從句中的語序賓語從句中的語序 4.4.賓語從句的時態(tài)變化賓語從句的時態(tài)變化3教學難點教學難點 1. when與與if 引導的賓語從句和狀語從句引導的賓語從句和狀語從句 2.賓語從句與簡單句的互換賓語從句與簡單句的互換 We know him We know he likes English.主主s s主主s s謂謂v v謂謂v v賓賓o o賓賓o o賓語從句就是由一個句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語賓語從句就是由一個

2、句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語 主主s s謂謂v v賓賓o o簡單句簡單句復合句復合句 一 什么 是賓語從句？試比較E.g.: 1) I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. 2) He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.1. that二二 .賓語從句的引導詞賓語從句的引導詞(2012呼和浩特）What did you teacher say this morning?She told us_A.why was Tom late for school againB.whether we had too much home

3、work C.how he did come to school this morningD.that we would have a test soon2. 由特殊疑問詞由特殊疑問詞 who, whom, whose, which, what, where, how, why, when引導的賓語從句引導的賓語從句,這些詞這些詞既有詞義又在賓語從句中充當成分。既有詞義又在賓語從句中充當成分。e.g.1)Do you know whose book it is ? 2)Could you tell me why the train is late? 3)He asked who could a

4、nswer the question. (2011陜西）I was told to meet Mr. Green at the airport. But I dont know _ he will arrive.A. where B. why C. how D. when(2011成都）Can you tell me _ ?Hes a bank clerk.A.Who your father isB.What your father doesC.Where your father works(2012浙江溫州）Can you tell me _ to travel to Dalian?-Abo

5、ut two hours by plane.A.How much it cost B. what I should takeC. How long it takes D. which is the best season(2012烏魯木齊）I really dont know_?A.What should I do B. why he is so nervousC. How did he run away D. where has he gone3.由從屬連詞由從屬連詞 whether, if 引導的賓語從句引導的賓語從句if/whether 引導賓語從句引導賓語從句 表示表示“是否是否”之義

6、，說明對陳之義，說明對陳述的事物述的事物不明確或不清楚不明確或不清楚，在句中，在句中不充當句子成份不充當句子成份. 常常用在用在ask, wonder, can/could you tell me后后(2012山東澭坊）Weve given her some advice, but I dont know _ shell accept it.A. What B. where C. whether D. which特殊情況：只能用特殊情況：只能用whether不能用不能用if的情況的情況 1.在介詞后面：在介詞后面： Im thinking of whether we should go fis

7、hing. We didnt think about whether it would rain the next day. 2.在動詞不定式前：在動詞不定式前： They asked me whether to sit at the front.3.當與當與or not連用，或提出兩種選擇時連用，或提出兩種選擇時:I dont know whether hes free or not.Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the ro

8、om.4.賓語從句提前時：賓語從句提前時：Whether this is true or not, I cant say.5.在動詞在動詞discuss后的賓語從句中后的賓語從句中:E.g.: We discussed whether we would have a sports meeting next week.6.引導表語從句或位于句首的主語從句用引導表語從句或位于句首的主語從句用whetherE.g.: Whether he is right or wrong is a question. The question was whether he went there last nigh

9、t.Helen says that she will learn French next year. Do you know where he comes from? He asked me if I could get to the bus station on time.三三. . 賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句賓語從句都是運用陳述句的語序都是運用陳述句的語序，即是，即是“主語在前，主語在前，謂語在后謂語在后”的順序。的順序。(2012山西）As for Mr. Brown, do you know_? Sure, Canada

10、. But he has been teaching French for two years in Shanghai.A.where he is workingB.where he comes fromC. where is his motherland(2011南京）Most children are interested in amazing things, and they wonder_.A. when can they see UFOsB. how can elephants walk on tiptoeC. why do fish sleep with their eyes op

11、enD. why there is no plant life without lightening(2012北京）-Can you tell me _the prize, Tom? -Last year.A.When you got B. when did you getC. When will you get D. when you will get(2012天津）-Can you tell me_? -With Lucys help.A. when you did it so well B. when did you do it so wellC. how you did it so w

12、ellD. how did you do it so well(2012重慶）-Could you tell me_? -By searching the Internet.A.How you got the informationB.Why you got the informationC.How did you get the informationD.Why did you get the information(2012南京）-Peter, is there anything else you want to know about China? -Yes. I am still won

13、dering_.A.How is Chinese paper cut madeB.How was the Great Wall built in ancient timesC.Why the Chinese people like to play the dragon danceD.Why do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at Dragon Boat Festive賓語從句中時態(tài)的變化賓語從句中時態(tài)的變化1. 主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時，從句該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)。Eg: I dont think you are right. Plea

14、se tell me what they bought in the mall yesterday.(2012蘭州）-Do you know _ Dunhuang with his family? -Next week.A.when does Mr. Brown visitB.when will Mr. Brown visitC.when Mr. Brown visitsD.when Mr. Brown will visit(2012山東臨沂) I wonder _ on April 23, World Book Day. Did you find some interesting books

15、 to read?A. What did you do B. what you didC. What do you do D. what you do (2011重慶）The woman asked the policeman where_.A.The post office is B. the post office wasC. Is the post office D. was the post office2. 主句是一般過去式，主句是一般過去式， 從句只能用相應的過去時態(tài)。從句只能用相應的過去時態(tài)。(2011寧夏）Bob asked me_.A.what was she doingB.

16、what is she doingC.what she was doingD.what she is doing主從句動作同時發(fā)生，從句用過去進行時主從句動作同時發(fā)生，從句用過去進行時-What did you teacher say this morning?-She told us _ .A.why was Tom late for school againB.that we will have a test soonC.that we would have a test soonD.how much the dress costs主句是一般過去時，主句的動作發(fā)生在從句之前，主句是一般過去

17、時，主句的動作發(fā)生在從句之前，從句是過去將來時。從句是過去將來時。He said the train _ by the time they arrived at station.A. left B. had left C. have left D. is leaving主句是一般過去式，主句是一般過去式，從句的動作發(fā)生在主句之前，從句的動作發(fā)生在主句之前，從句是過去完成時。從句是過去完成時。3. 如果從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時。如果從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時。Our teacher said that January is the first month of

18、the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it.五.賓語從句與簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)換 1.當主從句的主語一致時當主從句的主語一致時,且主句的謂語是且主句的謂語是hope, wish, decide, agree, choose等時等時, 從句可簡化為不定式。從句可簡化為不定式。1) I dont know what I shall do next. I dont kno

19、w what to do next.2) John didnt decide which shirt he would buy. John didnt decide which shirt to buy.2. 當主從句的主語一致時，且主語的謂語是當主從句的主語一致時，且主語的謂語是know, remember, forget, learn等時，從句等時，從句可簡化為可簡化為“疑問詞疑問詞+不定式不定式”。 1) Can you tell me how I can get to the police station? Can you tell me how to get to the polic

20、e station? 2) Please show me how I should start the recorder. Please show me how to start the recorder.3. 動詞seem后的賓語從句可用不定式來簡化，但句型要有適當?shù)淖兓t seems that football is very interesting.Football seems to be very interesting.4. 賓語從句可簡化成名詞或名詞短語。I dont believe what Tom said.I dont believe Toms words. 練一練1.I

21、 dont know what I shall do next .(變?yōu)楹唵尉洌?I dont know next .2.John didnt decide which book he would buy .(變?yōu)楹唵尉洌?John didnt decide .3.Can you tell me how to get to the bus stop ?(變?yōu)閺秃暇洌?Can you tell me the bus stop ?4.Please tell Lucy how to use the MP5 .(變?yōu)閺秃暇洌?Can you tell Lucy the MP5. 1. Could you tell me ? A. where the twins were B. where the twins are C where are the twins 2. A: Do you know ?B: Yes , he came here by train . A. when he came here B. if he will come here C. why he came here D. how he