初中英語賓語從句課件(1)

1、語法專項復(fù)習(xí)- Object Clause賓語從句賓語從句 一、賓語從句的概念 賓語從句即句子作賓語，而不再是一個詞或短語作賓語。I like my teacher.（名詞作賓語)I know him .（代詞作賓語）I know Mr Li teaches English. (句子作賓語）包含賓語從句的句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主句+連接詞（引導(dǎo)詞）+賓語從句二、賓語從句三要素連連 接接 詞詞時時 態(tài)態(tài)語語 序序（一）連接詞1.that2.whether/if3.連接代詞who whom whose what which4. 連接副詞when why where how。注：that 在句中無詞匯意義，在從

2、句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語當(dāng)中往往省略e.g. 1. I hear (that) _. （一小時后他會回來）一小時后他會回來）2. He said (that) _. （他非常想念我們）他非常想念我們）3. The teacher told us (that) _. （地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)）地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)） he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun注意：當(dāng)從句是客觀真理的時候，無論主句什么時態(tài)，從注意：當(dāng)從句是客觀真理的時候，無論主句什么時態(tài)，從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時由

3、從屬連詞由從屬連詞whether, if 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g. 1. Ask him _. （他是否能來）他是否能來）2. I dont know _.（是否要下雨是否要下雨） whether (if) he can come whether it is going to rain or not當(dāng)句末為當(dāng)句末為or not時，引導(dǎo)詞只能用時，引導(dǎo)詞只能用whether而不能用而不能用if.If 與whether 的區(qū)別1. I dont know _ he will come or not.2. I dont care of _ he is handsome.3. He won

4、dered _ to stay here the next week.4. _ he will come is not decided. 與與or not 連用只能用連用只能用whether介詞后只能用介詞后只能用whether與與to do 不定式連用只能用不定式連用只能用whether作主語只能用作主語只能用whether由連接代詞由連接代詞what, whom, whose, which, what及連接及連接副詞副詞 when, where, how, why引導(dǎo)的賓語從句引導(dǎo)的賓語從句when well have a meetingwhere he ishow I can get t

5、o the stationwhy the train is latewho could answer the question1. He asked _. (誰能回答這個問題誰能回答這個問題）2. Do you know_. （他們在等誰他們在等誰）3. Please tell me _. （我們什么時候開會我們什么時候開會）4. Can you tell me _. （他在哪兒他在哪兒）5. Could you tell me _. （我該怎么去車站我該怎么去車站）6. Would you tell me _（為什么火車遲到了為什么火車遲到了） whom they are waiting f

6、or（二）語序：陳述句語序 即：陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)（主即：陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)（主+謂謂+其他成分）其他成分）將下列句子換成陳述句語序 1.Is there a bank near here?2.Are they doing homework? （三）時態(tài)(時態(tài)一致性） 1. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從 句的時態(tài)根據(jù)具體情況來確定，可以是_時態(tài)。I dont think (that) you are right.Please tell us where well go fishing tomorrow. Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?任任 何何 2. 如果主

7、句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的_時態(tài)（一般過去時， 過去進行時， 過去將來時，過去完成時）。例如： He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 過去過去 3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，即使主句用了過去時，從句仍用 _ 時態(tài)。例如： The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.一般現(xiàn)在一般現(xiàn)在三 、賓語從句與簡單句的轉(zhuǎn)換（一）當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂

8、語動詞是hope, wish, decide, agree, choose 等時，從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg: (1)I hope that I can receive your e-mail. I hopeto receive your e-mail_.(二）當(dāng)賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動詞是know, remember, forget, learn 等時，從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg: (2) She doesnt know what she should do next. She doesnt know_.(三）當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是ask, tell,

9、show, teach 等時，從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg: (3) Will you please show me how I can work it out? Will you please show me _.(四）當(dāng)直接引語為祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，用ask/tell/orderSb. (not) to do sth 結(jié)構(gòu)。 eg: (4)A: Please be quiet. B: What did Bill say? A: He asked us to be quiet.what to do nexthow to work it out四、否定轉(zhuǎn)移 在含有賓語從句的主

10、從復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱，謂語動詞是think， believe, guess, suppose等時，要將從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，賓語從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。 eg: (5)I dont think he will come with you. 注意：這種句子在其后接附加問句時，要特別小心。 eg: (6) I dont believe he has finished the work, _? (7) He knew why Jim wasnt at school , _? 解析：例6，當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱時，附加問句的主語由賓 語從句的主語充當(dāng)。 例7

11、，如果主句的主語非第一人稱時，則附加問句的主語 由主句的主語充當(dāng)。has hedidnt heDo you know _?A. where does she live B. she lives whereC. where she lives D. where she live2. His parents wanted to know what he _at that time. A. is doing B. was doing C. has done D. will doCB鞏固練習(xí)：鞏固練習(xí)：I從下列從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個正確選項填空。中選擇一個正確選項填空。4Lilys mothe

12、r looked for her for half an hour, but could not find _?A.what Lily was B. what was LilyC. where Lily was D. where was LilyC3.We dont know _. - It is said that he was born in Canada.A.what he is B. when he was born C. where he comes from D. if he lives here C5 The girls asked if they _ some food and

13、 drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take 6 Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled AC7. Could you please tell me _ he will come here tomorrow? A. if B. weather C. what D. whichA8. Could you tell me _? A. when will they leave Beij

14、ingB. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing CII.改錯：1.Miss Zhang asked me why was I late for school._Miss Zhang asked me why I was late for school.2.Father told me the sun always rose in the east._Father told me the sun always rises in the east.3.

15、He doesnt know that when she can come back._He doesnt know when she can come back.1. The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)2. The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)3. Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. 4. I hear he _ (return) it already. 5. He said that

16、they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be)6. He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)7. The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)8. I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk)9. I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be) will be goes were playing has returned had

17、 been travels are talking were were doing10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write)11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)13. Ling Feng told me he _ to several times. (be)14. Our teacher told us in class the sun

18、 _ in the east. (rise)15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do) wrote moves has taken has been risesdid從句時態(tài)從句時態(tài)連接前連接前連接后連接后一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時時態(tài)保持不變時態(tài)保持不變一般過去時一般過去時一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般過去時一般過去時一般過去時過去完成時過去完成時一般將來時一般將來時過去將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在進行時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時過去進行時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時過去完成時主句時態(tài)主句時態(tài)將下列句子合并為一句將下列句子合并為一句: :1. Where

19、 do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you say at the meeting? Could you tell me?3. Do they like to make friends with us? He asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 5. “I will come back.” Tom said. I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will sayat the meeting?He asked if they liked to make friends with them.He said that he was doing his homework.Tom said that he would come back.6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked. 7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 8. “How can I get to the st