人教版高一英語必修一 Unit 3 Travel journal

1、Unit 3 Travel journal要點(diǎn)探究I. 詞匯知識(shí)1.dream about / of 夢(mèng)想，夢(mèng)見（后接名詞，代詞，動(dòng)名詞）例：What a small world! I wouldnt dream of meeting you here.世界真?。≌鏇]想到會(huì)在這兒碰見你。The young soldier sometimes dreams of his hometown. 經(jīng)常夢(mèng)見自己的家鄉(xiāng).dream n. 常構(gòu)成短語：have/dream a dream做夢(mèng) realize a dream 實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想小試牛刀：Its a small town. You can never d

2、ream _a VIP in the street.A. to meeting B. of seeing C. in meeting D. on seeing 2.prefer: vt. 更喜歡；選擇某物（而不選擇其它事物）常構(gòu)成短語：prefer A to B 喜歡A甚于Bprefer to do 更喜歡做某事prefer to do rather than do 寧愿也不愿例: I much prefer classic music to pop music.和通俗音樂比起來我更喜歡古典音樂。Many people who live in cities would actually pre

3、fer to live in the country.很多生活在城市的人實(shí)際上更愿意生活在鄉(xiāng)下。I prefer to stay at home rather than go to the cinema with Jane.我寧愿待在家里也不愿和簡去看電影。注意：prefer的過去式和現(xiàn)在分詞分別為：preferred; preferring。3. persuade persuade sb. to do sth. = persuade sb. into doing sth.說服某人做某事 vt.說服；勸服persuade sb. not to do sth. = persuade sb. ou

4、t of doing sth. 說服某人不做某事vt.說服；勸服persuade sb. (of sth. ) / persuade sb. that 使某人相信 vt. 使某人相信；使某人信服At last he persuaded him to give up the foolish plan. 他終于說服他放棄了那個(gè)愚蠢= At last he persuaded him into giving up the foolish plan. 的計(jì)劃。We are persuaded of the justice of her case.我們確信她對(duì)案件的審理是公正的。How can I pe

5、rsuade you that I am sincere?怎樣才能使你相信我是真心實(shí)意的呢？小試牛刀： While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need.A. to persuade B. persuadingC. being persuaded D. be persuadedpersuade sb. to do sth. 指成功地說服?！罢f而不服, 或說而無果”，不能直接用persuade, 而應(yīng)用try to persuade sb. to 或advise sb.

6、 to do sth. , 或者用persuade的否定式。特別提醒： 例：Some of us advised him to change his mind but no one could persuade him to do so.我們很多人勸他改變主意，但沒有人成功。小試牛刀： I _ him not to smoke, but he didnt think it necessary.A. persuaded B. advised C. hoped D. suggested I was able at last to _my mother to follow my advice.A.

7、suggest B. advise C. persuade D. leave off4. Wang Wei soon got them interested in cycling too. get +賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語（-ing/done/ to do /adj./adv.）小試牛刀：1) I should get the window _ (repair) before it gets cold. 2) The teachers words soon got us _ (think). 3) She got her son _ (sleep ) on the floor last night.

8、 4) Dont make your hands so _ (臟).5) 我想把這些椅子弄到樓上去I want to get these chairs _.5. determine vt. 決定；確定；下決心determine sth. 確定某事 determine to do sth. 決定做某事determine + clause 決定做某事determine + 特殊疑問詞+to do sth. 決定做某事We should determine the date for the party now.我們現(xiàn)在就應(yīng)該定下聚會(huì)的日子。I determined to go no farther

9、that night.那天晚上我決定不再向前走了。We havent determined where the new school will be built.我們尚未決定在何處建新校。They havent determined when to leave the Iraq.他們還沒有決定何時(shí)離開伊拉克。思維拓展：(1) determined為過去分詞形式的形容詞，意為“堅(jiān)定的，果斷的”，在句中可作定語，表語。例：Her determined look encouraged everybody there.她的堅(jiān)定的眼神鼓舞了那里所有的人。His voice was determined;

10、 his eyes were flashing.他聲音堅(jiān)定，目光炯炯。（2）determined還可以表示“決定，下決心”，后接不定式或that從句；有時(shí)也可作狀語。例：The soldiers were determined to fight to death.戰(zhàn)士們決心戰(zhàn)斗到死。Mother is determined that I shall go to a key university.母親決心讓我上重點(diǎn)大學(xué)。The girl left the school sadly, determined never to come back.那女孩傷心地離開了學(xué)校，決定再也不回來了。(3) de

11、termine to do= be determined to do =make up ones mind to do= decide to do 例：They determined to drive the enemy away from their country. = They were determined to / made up their mind to / decided to drive the enemy away from their country. 他們決定把敵人趕出他們的國家。小試牛刀： He gave me a _look and I knew we were s

12、ure to win the game.A. determine B. determined C. determining D. determination 他們下定決心大學(xué)畢業(yè)以后經(jīng)商。_to go into business when they leave college. 她是一個(gè)堅(jiān)定的女人，總能達(dá)到自己的目的。She is a _who always gets what she wants.6. attitude n. 態(tài)度；看法常構(gòu)成短語：attitude to / towards sb. / sth. 對(duì)的態(tài)度；看法例：She shows a very positive attit

13、ude to her work.她工作態(tài)度非常積極。Dont take that attitude towards me, young man.別用這種態(tài)度對(duì)我，小伙子。特別注意：attitude 為態(tài)度 altitude為緯度, 大家一定要分清！7. the way of doing sth. = the way to do sth. 做某事的方式例：Ive got no way of contacting him at all. 我根本沒有辦法和他聯(lián)系。8.insist 句中insist的意思為“堅(jiān)決要求，堅(jiān)持要求”，后面從句的謂語動(dòng)詞常用should do，其中should可以省略。若i

14、nsist表示“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”這個(gè)意思時(shí)，后面的從句應(yīng)該用陳述語氣。例：The stubborn man insisted that he (should) do it all by himself.Lucy insisted that she heard somebody in the house. 露西堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為她聽到屋子里有人的聲響。Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.邁克堅(jiān)持說他沒有偷任何東西。思維拓展：insist與介詞on / upon構(gòu)成短語insist on / upon (doing) sth. 堅(jiān)決要求，堅(jiān)持要求。例：H

15、is parents insisted on his going to college. 他的父母堅(jiān)決主張他上大學(xué)。I insist on taking proper food for this bike trip. 我堅(jiān)決主張攜帶適合這次自行車旅行的食品。小試牛刀： My parents always let me have my own _ of living.A. means B. manner C. way D. road Mr Smith insisted that I _ his book within three days.A. returns B. returned C. ha

16、d returned D. return All of us insisted _ out the plan at once.A. to carry B. to carrying C. on carrying D. carrying9.care about憂慮，關(guān)心，惦念 care about 與從句連用時(shí)，about常省略。例：Dont you care about anybody? 你難道不關(guān)心任何人嗎？Dont you care what happens to them? 你難道不擔(dān)心他們出事嗎？I dont care whether we win or lose. 我不在乎我們是贏是輸

17、。思維拓展：care for 照顧，照料；喜歡，想要（常用于否定句和疑問句）The children are being well cared for. 孩子們得到了精心的照顧。Would you care for a drink? 要喝一杯嗎？小試牛刀：The only thing he seems to _ is money. He needs enough money to go to college.A. care about B. care of C. care for D. take care of10. Once she has made up her mind, nothing

18、 can change it. 她一旦下了決心，什么也不能使她改變。once 在此句中為連詞，意為“一旦；一就”O(jiān)nce she arrives , we can start. 她一到，我們就可以開始了。Once you understand this rule, youll have no further difficulty. 一旦-， 就沒什么困難了。 make up ones mind 打定主意，決定。后常接不定式。例：At last, they made up their minds to blow up the factory. 最后，他們決定炸毀那座工廠。小試牛刀：_ you m

19、ake a promise, you should keep it.A. Though B. Unless C. Once D. Even if11.When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5000 meters,she seemed to be excited about it.當(dāng)我告訴她我們將在海拔5000米處開始旅程, 她好像對(duì)此很興奮。at an altitude of = at a height of 在海拔米處The plane is flying at a height /

20、an altitude of 10,000 meters.飛機(jī)在1萬米高空飛行。特別注意：at 在此處表“在處/時(shí)，以”后接年齡，速度，長寬深高，價(jià)格費(fèi)用等知識(shí)拓展：at the age of 在歲時(shí)at a high / low price 以高價(jià)/ 低價(jià) at a depth / width /height of 在深/寬/ 高處 at the cost of 以為代價(jià) at a distance of 在距離12.give in 讓步，妥協(xié)，屈服，呈交 give in to 向屈服，屈從例：You were supposed to give this work in four days

21、ago. 你四天前就該交上這份作業(yè)了。The boss is so stubborn that we have to give in to him. 這位老板很固執(zhí)我們只好遷就他。思維拓展：常見的和give搭配的短語還有：give away 送掉，捐贈(zèng)；表露，流露；泄露（秘密） give off發(fā)出（氣味，光，熱，聲音等）give out 分發(fā)，宣布，公布，筋疲力盡 give up sth. / doing sth. 放棄做某事，終止做某事小試牛刀： After the long trip，both the men and the horses _. Because of his small

22、salary，he had to _ his dream trip to Europe. Seeing that he could not persuade me，he had to _ my view. He _ most of his fortune to the poor. Please keep the secret，dont_ it _.13. It was great fun especially as it gradually became much warmer. 隨著氣溫逐漸升高，下山變得尤為有趣。great fun 非常有趣的事情，此外，fun也可以用much或 good來

23、修飾,常構(gòu)成It is much / great/ good fun to do句型，表示做很有趣。特別提醒：此處fun 為不可數(shù)名詞，意為“玩笑, 樂事, 有趣的事”。What great fun it was to swim in the river in such a hot day.14. We put up our tents and then we ate. 我們搭起帳篷然后吃飯。put up 舉起, 抬起 = raise 掛起, 張貼 建造，搭起 = build例：He put up his hand to catch the teachers attention. 他舉起手來引

24、起老師的注意。A new notice has been put up on the board. 布告牌上張貼了一則新啟事。*本單元其它一些重要的短語：1.grow up 長大2. get sb. interested in sth. 使某人對(duì)某事感興趣 3. graduate from college 大學(xué)畢業(yè)4. get the chance to do sth. 有機(jī)會(huì)干某事 5. from where it begins to where it ends 從它開始的地方到它結(jié)束的地方 6. be fond of 喜愛，喜歡7. keep doing 不斷做8.be excited a

25、bout 對(duì)感到興奮9.an interesting experience 一次有意思的經(jīng)歷10. pass through deep valleys 穿過深谷11.at first/last 起初/最后12. as usual 像往常一樣13.feel like 感覺像14. change for 替換或代替某人(某物)15.for company 作伴，一起16. make camp 扎營17. stay awake 不睡覺 18.at midnight 在午夜19. can hardly wait to do 迫不及待地做20. say “Hello” to 向某人問候21. give

26、my love/ best wishes to 向某人致以我最好的祝愿II. 重點(diǎn)句型1. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 是我姐姐首先想到騎自行車沿湄公河從它的源頭行走到入?？?。本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is / was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that/ who+其余部分。特別注意：強(qiáng)調(diào)句中it不能更換，is/was與“其余部分”的時(shí)態(tài)一致，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是除謂語以外的任何成分，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部

27、分是人則可用that/who，強(qiáng)調(diào)其它成分與內(nèi)容都用that。強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)不能用when或where，只用that。例：All the members held a meeting in the club yesterday.本句根據(jù)上下文和說話者意圖可改成下列強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：(1) It was all the members that/who held a meeting in the club yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)主語，was 不能換為were)(2) It was a meeting that all the members held in the club yesterday.

28、(強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語a meeting)(3) It was in the club that all the members held a meeting yesterday. (強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語, that不可換為where)(4) It was yesterday that all the members held a meeting in the club. (強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語，that不可換為when)再來看下面幾個(gè)特殊例子：(1) It was because he got caught in a heavy traffic that he was late for work.是因?yàn)橛錾蠂?yán)重的交通堵

29、塞他才上班遲到。(此句中的because不可用as/since替代)總結(jié)：It iswasthat強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分如果是原因狀語從句，只能由because引導(dǎo)，不能由since、as或why引導(dǎo)。 (2) It was not until their mother came back that the children went to bed.孩子們一直到母親回來才去睡覺?？偨Y(jié)：notuntil 的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型為：It is / was not until that (3) Where was it that you saw the teacher? 總結(jié)：如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是特殊疑問句，要用“特殊

30、疑問詞+is/was + it + that +”結(jié)構(gòu), 表示“究竟是誰，到底在哪里”等等。 小試牛刀： It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago .A. was B. are C. were D. had been It was _ he arrived at the station _ he realized he had left his tickets at home.A. not until; then B. until; that C. not until; when D. not until; that

31、_ you got in touch with Mr. Smith?Through a friend of mine.A. It was how that B. How was it C. How was it that D. Was it how that思維拓展：判斷句子是否為強(qiáng)調(diào)句的方法:將一個(gè)句子中的It was / is和who / that去掉后，若句子的剩余部分是一個(gè)完整的句子，就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)。否則不是。小試牛刀： It was midnight _ I got here yesterday. It was at midnight _ I got here yesterday.A

32、. that B. until C. before D. when 2. She gave me a determined look-the kind that said she would not change her mind. 她給了我一個(gè)堅(jiān)定的眼神這種眼神表明她是不會(huì)改變主意的。在本句中 the kind是a look的同位語, the kind=the kind of look，后面是that引導(dǎo)的定語從句, 其中say為不及物動(dòng)詞，指“（文字，數(shù)字， 圖畫等）指明,表明”例：The clock on the wall said it was a quarter to ten. 墻上

33、的鐘是9點(diǎn)45 分。3. When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold 當(dāng)我告訴她將呼吸困難, 天氣嚴(yán)寒主語 + be + adj.+ to do sth.是一個(gè)常用句式，通常不定式用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。例：The problem is really hard to work out. 這個(gè)問題很難解決。My boss is hard to deal with. 我的老板很難相處。4. To climb the mountains was hard work but as we looke

34、d around us, we were surprised by the view. 爬山是艱難的，但當(dāng)我們環(huán)顧四周時(shí)，周圍的美景讓我們驚嘆。本句中，to climb the mountains 為不定式作主語。不定式作主語通?？梢杂眯问街髡Zit來代替，而把真正的主語的不定式放在后面。此外，不定式作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。例：To learn a foreign language is important for your future work. 掌握一門外語=It is important for your future work to learn a foreign language

35、. 對(duì)你將來的工作很重要。It took me only 5 minutes to finish the work. 完成這項(xiàng)工作只花了我5分鐘的時(shí)間。小試牛刀：_ great fun to play basketball after school.A. It has B. It is C. This is D. There has5. (1) Have you ever seen snowmen ride bicycles? 你有沒有見過雪人騎自行車？(2) At one point we were so high that we found ourselves cycling throug

36、h clouds.有的地方海拔很高，以至于我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己正騎著自行車在云層當(dāng)中穿梭。(3) .we saw many yaks and sheep eating green grass.我們看見很多的牦牛和綿羊正在吃草。以上幾個(gè)句子均出現(xiàn)了分詞和不定式作賓補(bǔ)的現(xiàn)象。第一個(gè)句子為動(dòng)詞原形（即不帶to的不定式）作賓補(bǔ)， 后兩個(gè)句子均為現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。在感官動(dòng)詞see, watch , observe, look at, hear, listen to 等和使役動(dòng)詞have后，當(dāng)賓語和賓語補(bǔ)足語之間存在邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)，賓補(bǔ)有兩種形式：1)不帶to的不定式表示動(dòng)作已完成 2)現(xiàn)在分詞doing 表示

37、動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。例：I heard her sing an English song just now. 我剛才聽見她唱了一首英文歌。I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. 昨天我經(jīng)過她的房間時(shí)，聽見她在唱英文歌。小試牛刀：When he came to, he found himself _ on a chair, with his hands _ back.A. to sit; tying B. sitting; tied C. seating; tied D. to seat; tie

38、d.語法突破 1. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：be doing 2. 觀察下面的句子，總結(jié)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法：1) We are waiting for you. 2) What are you doing recently?3) The leaves are turning red. 4) You are always changing your mind.3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)除表進(jìn)行外，還可以表示將來?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來時(shí)常用“意圖”“安排”或“打算”的含義。這種現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)比較生動(dòng)，給人一種期待感。它常表最近或較近的將來，所用動(dòng)詞多是轉(zhuǎn)移動(dòng)詞。如： (1) Im going. 我要走了。 (2) I&

39、#39;m coming.我要來了。 (3) When are you starting? 你什么時(shí)候動(dòng)身？ 4. 觀察下面的句子，總結(jié)一般將來時(shí)的表示方法1) The building will be finished next month.2) What are you going to do tomorrow? 3) We are to discuss the report next Saturday.4) He is about to leave for Beijing.5. 不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞有哪些？表示感覺或感情的詞，如：hear, see, smell, taste, feel,

40、 seem, notice, hate, love, like, want, wish, refuse, prefer, forgive等。 表示存在或所屬的詞，如：exist, stay, remain, obtain, have, own, form, contain等。 表示認(rèn)識(shí)或理解的詞，如：understand, know, remember, forget, believe, think, doubt等。6.觀察下面的句子，總結(jié)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)的幾種情況(1) If you do that again, Ill hit you.(2) He is going to visi

41、t his aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 7.語法專練. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technoloy _so rapidly. A. is changing   B. has changed   C. will have changed   D. will change . I want to know when he _ for New York tomorrow. A. has le

42、ft       B. is leaving         C. had left          D. has been leaving The building_ , I can't stand its noise. A. builds        B. is built 

43、;         C. is being built      D. was being built . I can't catch up with the fashion, because the clothes style_ all the time.A. changed      B. is changed       C. is chang

44、ing       D. has changed . It's seven. The Greens_ breakfast together. A. has          B. are having       C. have had         D. had had . Don't m

45、ake any noise while the students_ to the tape. A. are listening    B. listened        C. have listened      D. had listened . Tom and Peter_ in the lake. Let's join them, shall we? A. swim     

46、60;   B. have swum       C. swam          D. are swimming . Look! The children_ football on the playground. A. plays         B. played       

47、;   C. is playing         D. are playing . The kite_ high in the sky now. It looks like a bird. A. has flown     B. is flying         C. was flying       

48、D. flew . As we all know, the world's population_ faster and faster. A. is grown      B. is growing       C. are grown        D. are growing .單元自測(cè)一. 單詞拼寫 根據(jù)所給首字母或中文提示，用所缺單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. If we hold a good _(態(tài)度)

49、 towards our work, we will succeed easily.2. My uncle is so s_ that none of us can persuade him to give up smoking.3. Her _(堅(jiān)定的) look showed that she had never changed her mind.4. The lack of public transport is a great d_.5. He is a man with many _( 缺點(diǎn)).6. What kind of t_do you prefer to use, bus o

50、r train?7. She has just g_ from high school. 8. After a long delay the performance _(終于) started.9. She _(組織) the class into four groups.10. The sun disappeared from v_behind a cloud.二單項(xiàng)填空*1. It is the third time _ late this month.A. that you arrived B. when you arrived C. that youve arrived D. when

51、 youve arrived*2. The guide is tired _ his job, and is thinking about taking a new one.A. by B. of C. from D. with3. At first, she wanted to _ hope, but the teacher encouraged her not to.A. give up B. give in C. give out D. give away*4. Its really time I went home but Im enjoying myself so I _ here

52、a bit longer.A. stay B. have stayed C. stayed D. am staying*5. It was the training _he had as a young man _ made him a good editor.A. that; that B. what; that C. which; that D. who; that *6. He insisted that he _ a lot for the company and he _made head of the company.A. did, be B. had done , be C. h

53、as done , was D. has done , is 7. Since Alice trusts you, only you can _her to change her mind.A. suggest B. attract C. advise D. persuade *8. Have you ever _in front of thousands of people at a concert , with everyone _while you were singing?A. dreamed of to be ; clapped B. dreamed to be ; to clap

54、C. dreamed of being ; clapped D. dreamed of being ; to be clapping 9. You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please _the books when you have finished with them.A. put off B. put down C. put back D. put on *10. Weak as the small country is , it dares to say _to the huge country.A. hello B

55、. yes C. no D. sorry *11. He loves the old songs, which _ everyone of his age.A. are similar with B. are familiar with C. are familiar to D. are similar to12. Im leaving for Shanghai tomorrow._.A. See you later B. Have a pleasant tripC. Lets go out for a drink D. Bring me a present when you are back*13. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting14. I dont think Peter is too young to take care of the pet dog _ .A. correctly B. properly C. exactly D. actively*15. Please sa