天津卷英語(yǔ)高考真題含答案

1、絕密啟用前2019年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試（天津卷）英語(yǔ)筆試本試卷分為第I卷（選擇題）和第R卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共130分，考試用時(shí)100分鐘。第l卷1至10頁(yè)，第II卷11至12頁(yè)。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上，并在規(guī)定位置粘貼考試用條形碼。答卷時(shí)，考生務(wù)必將答案涂寫(xiě)在答題卡上，答在試卷上的無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。祝各位考生考試順利！第I卷注意事項(xiàng)：1. 每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。2. 本卷共55小題，共95分。第一部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)?/p>

2、項(xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。例：Standoverthereyoullbeabletoseeitbetter.A.orB.andC.butD.while答案是B。1. Iguessyouwanttogoplaytennis.ThatsexactlywhatIwasthinkingtoo.A.IdidntgetitB.ItsuptoyouC.YouneverknowD.Youreadmymind2. ItosendPeteragifttocongratulatehimonhismarriage,butIcouldntman

3、ageit.A.hadhopedB.amhopingC.havehopedD.wouldhope3. Astudyshowsthestudentswhoareengagedinafter-schoolactivitiesarehappierthanwhoarenot.A.onesB.thoseC.theseD.them4. tothinkcriticallyisanimportantskilltodayschildrenwillneedforthefuture.A.LearnB.LearnedC.LearningD.Havinglearned5. alltheproblems,severalo

4、ftheplayersproducedexcellentperformances.A.AccordingtoB.InsteadofC.InadditiontoD.Inspiteof6. Mysongotafullscholarshiptohisdreamuniversity!Wow,!Whatshegoingtostudy?A.goodforhimB.goforitC.whatacoincidenceD.allthebest7. Wecanobservethatartificialintelligencehasalreadymadea(n)onourlivesinmanyways.A.stat

5、ementB.impactC.impressionD.judgment8. Amy,aswellasherbrothers,awarmwelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.A.isgivenB.aregivenC.wasgivenD.weregiven9. Kateheardamansvoiceinthebackground,butshecouldntwhathewassaying.A.setasideB.takebackC.makeoutD.keepoff10. Mostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacour

6、sespeciallytohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.A.designedB.designingC.todesignD.beingdesigned11. Theirchildisatthestageshecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.A. whyB. whereC. whichD. what12. Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthatonnoaccountusemobilephonesinhisclass.theyopinionA.shouldtheyB.th

7、eyshouldC.daretheyD.dare13. Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparentshewantstheirsupport.A. sinceB.onceC.unlessD.after14. Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisetheythetaskinhalfthetime.A.accomplishedB.hadaccomplishedC.wouldaccomplishD.wouldhaveaccomplished15. Adog'seatinghabitrequiresregul

8、artrainingbeforeitisestablished.A.properlyB.widelyC.originallyD.temporarily第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1635各題所給的A、B、GD四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasreadytopayformybananasatthegroceryonenight,whenfearseizedme.Mywalletwasgone.IcouldonlyhaveleftitontheG9bus,whichwasnowspeedinginthedarktosome16stati

9、on.The17momentwasquicklyfollowedbymentalmath.Howmuchtimeandmoneywoulditcosttoreplacethe18ofthatlittlewallet?Thecreditcards,thedriver'slicense,thecash,alllosttothebus.Twohourslater,backatmyhouse,Iheardaknockonthedoor.Myhusband19itwhileIwasonthephoneinthediningroom."DoesJenniferlivehere"

10、Iheardaladysay.Inmyhusband'shandwasmywallet,withnotapenny20SheleftbeforeIcould21makeittothedoortooffermythanks.Aftersharingthestoryonline,Iheardfromsomeone,who22theladyasErinSmith.Without23,Icalledtothankher.Shesaidshe24mywalletonabusseat.She25thatgoingtoastranger'shousewasa26move,butshedeci

11、dedtotakethechance."IfIwereinthat27.Iwouldwantsomeonetotrytofindme,"shesaid.Thisonestrangerrespondedbeautifullytomysmall28,butsheactuallywasnttheonlyone.RightafterErin29mywalletonthebus,shepostedapictureofmydriver'slicensetoanonlineforum（論壇）,tryingtosee30anyoneknewme.Nosoonerdidsheleav

12、emydoorstepthanIhademailsfromtwowomenwhosekidsgotomyson'snurseryandwhorecognizedmyface.I'venever31wordswiththosemomsbeyondsmalltall,buttheywantedtohelp.Ireadthatpeoplearemoredividedthanever,butthat'snothowthepeopleI32tendtoact.33,Ifeelblessedsomeonehadwantedtohelpastranger.Erinhadgone34w

13、hatalmostanyonewouldhavedone,findingmyhouseonabitterlycoldnight,and for that I was extremely16. A. accessibleD. convenient17. A. face-savingD. heart-stopping18. A. partsD. ingredients19. A. ignored interrupted20. A. missingD. abandoned21. A. stillD. even22. A. selected35B. hiddenC. unknownB. brain-w

14、ashingB. contentsB. answeredB. returnedB. everB. appointedC. eye-catchingC.detailsC. examinedD.C. remainingC. yetC. identifiedD.defined23.A.delayinvitationB.alarmC.regretD.24.A.movedB.placedC.openedD.spotted25.A.disagreedB.complainedC.calculatedD.recommended26.A.selflessB.riskyC.slowD.personal27.A.s

15、iteB.directionC.situationD.atmosphere28.A.crisisB.dangerC.threatD.failure29.A.gotridofB.madeuseofC.hadcontrolofD.tookpossessionof30.A.ifB.whereC.howD.when31.A.recalledB.exchangedC.repeatedD.whispered32.A.encounterB.followC.consultD.accompany33.A.GoingawayB.TurningaroundC.LookingbackD.Comingalong34.A

16、.intoB.againstC.overD.beyond35.A.longingB.enthusiasticC.concernedD.grateful第二部分：閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2.5分，滿分50分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D國(guó)個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHistoryFairCompetitionUnderstandinghistoryisvitaltounderstandingourselvesasapeopleandasanation.Historyismuchmorethanthestudyofdustyoldobjectsandeventslongpast.It

17、isanessentialpartofwhowearetodayandwhowewillbecome.ThorntonMiddleSchoolHistoryFairCompetitionmakesunderstandinghistoryexciting,engaging,andfun!ThisYear'sThemeAllparticipantsmustaddresshowcommunicationortransportationtechnologyhaspromotedthequalityoflifeforAmericansthroughouthistory.Tomanypeople,

18、technologymeanscomputers,hand-helddevices,orvehiclesthattraveltodistantplanets.However,technologyisalsotheapplicationofscientificknowledgetosolveaproblem,touchinglivesincountlessways.Individualsorgroupsmayenteroneofthefollowingcategories:?Performance?Documentary（紀(jì)實(shí)作品）?EssayWritingCategoryRequirement

19、sPerformance:Adramaticpresentationofthetopicnomorethan10minuteslong.Ifspecialclothesareused,theyshouldtrulyrepresentagivenperiod.Documentary:Avisualpresentation（suchasavideo,slideshow,orcomputerproject）nomorethan10minuteslong.Adesktopcomputer,screen,projector,andloudspeakerswillbeavailable.Studentsm

20、ustprovidetheirpresentationsonCDsbeforeFriday,March23.EssayWriting:Anacademicpaperof2,000to2,500words.No川ustrations（圖解）areallowed.Pleasedonotincludecovers.Alistofreferencesmustbeincluded.ImportantDatesJanuary5Submitatopicproposaltoyourhistoryteacher.Theteachermayrequireasecondproposalifthefirstisoff

21、-topicorunclear.February 5 Submit a first draft of your essay,performance script（劇本），ordocumentaryhighlights.February19Acommitteeofteacherswillevaluatematerialsandgiveopinions.Studentsthenhaveanopportunitytoimprovetheirproducts.March9Submitafinaldraftofyouressay.March15Performanceanddocumentarycommi

22、tteepreviewMarch24ThorntonMiddleSchoolHistoryFairCompetition7：00A.M9：00A.MParticipantssigninginatthegym10：00A.M.6：00PM.Competitionandjudgesreview7：00P.M.Awardsceremonyandpicnic36. AccordingtoParagraph1,whatisthemajorgoalofunderstandinghistory?A.Topreservenationaltraditions.B.Toprepareforahistorycomp

23、etition.C.Tobetterknowthepresentandfuture.D.Tofurtherexplorehistoricalmysteries.37. Whatisthethemeofthisyearscompetition?A.Technologyadvancesscience.B.Scienceinteractswithtechnology.C.Sciencehasmadethestudyofhistoryeasy.D.TechnologyhasimprovedthelifeofAmericans.38. Amongtheitemsprovidedbytheschoolfo

24、ravisualpresentationareA.specialclothesandascreenB.adesktopcomputerandaCDC.aprojectorandspecialclothesD.adesktopcomputerandloudspeakers39. Whatwouldaparticipanthavetodowithanessayof1,500wordstomeetthecategoryrequirement?A.Includemoreinformationintheessay.B.Removethereferences.C.Provideacoverforthees

25、say.D.Explainthedetailswithillustrations.40. WhatwillthecommitteeofteachersdoonFebruary19?A.Previewperformancesanddocumentaries.B.Makecommentsonthematerials.C.Improvetheparticipantsfirstdraft.D.Collectasecondproposalfromtheparticipant.BImusthavealwaysknownreadingwasveryimportantbecausethefirstmemori

26、esIhaveasachilddealwithbooks.TherewasnotonenightthatIdontremembermomreadingmeastorybookbymybedside.Iwasextremelyinspiredbytheelegantwaythewordssounded.Ialwayswantedtoknowwhatmymomwasreading.Hearingmomsay,"Icantbelievewhatsprintedinthenewspaperthismorning,"mademewanttograbitoutofherhandsand

27、readitmyself.Iwantedtobelikemymomandknowallofthethingssheknew.SoIcarriedaroundabook,andeachnight,justtobelikeher,Iwouldpretendtobereading.Thisishoweveryonelearnedtoread.Wewouldstartoffwithsentences,thenparagraphs,andthenstories.Itseemedanunendingjourney,butevenasasix-year-oldgirlIrealizedthatknowing

28、howtoreadcouldopenmanydoors.Whenmomsaid,"TheC-A-N-D-Yishiddenonthetopshelf,"Iknewwherethecandywas.Myprogressinreadingraisedmycuriosity,andIwantedtoknoweverything.Ioftenfoundmyselftellingmymomtodrivemoreslowly,sothatIcouldreadalloftheroadsignswepassed.Mostofmyreadingthroughprimary,middleand

29、highschoolwasfactualreading.Ireadforknowledge,andtomakeAsonmytests.Occasionally,Iwouldreadanovelthatwasassigned,butIdidntenjoythistypeofreading.Ilikedfacts,thingsthatareconcrete.Ithoughtanythingabstractlefttoomuchroomforargument.Yet,nowthatImgrowingandtheworldIonceknewasbeingsosimpleisbecomingmoreco

30、mplex,Ifindmyselfneedingawaytoescape.Byopeninganovel,IcanleavebehindmyburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworldwhereIamnowanewcharacter.IntheseworldsIcanbecomeanyone.Idonthavetowritedownwhathappenedorwhattechniquetheauthorwasusingwhenheorshewrotethis.Ijustreadtorelax.Weretaughttoreadbecauseits

31、necessaryformuchofhumanunderstanding.Readingisavitalpartofmylife.Readingsatisfiesmydesiretokeeplearning.AndIvefoundthatthepossibilitiesthatliewithinbooksarelimitless.41. Whydidtheauthorwanttograbthenewspaperoutofmomshands?A. Shewantedmomtoreadthenewstoher.B. Shewasanxioustoknowwhathadhappened.C. She

32、couldntwaittotearthenewspaperapart.D. Shecouldnthelpbutstopmomfromreading.42. AccordingtoParagraph3,theauthorsreadingofroadsignsindicatesA. heruniquewaytolocateherselfB. hereagernesstodevelopherreadingabilityC. herefforttoremindmomtoobeytrafficrulesD. hergrowingdesiretoknowtheworldaroundher.43. What

33、wastheauthorsviewonfactualreading?A. Itwouldhelpherupdatetest-takingskills.B. Itwouldallowmuchroomforfreethinking.C. Itwouldprovidetrueandobjectiveinformation.D. Itwouldhelpshapearealisticandseriousattitudetolife.44. Theauthortakesnovelreadingasawayto.A.exploreafantasylandB.developapassionforleaning

34、C.learnabouttheadultcommunityD.getawayfromaconfusingworld45. Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheMagicofReadingB.ThePleasureofReadingC.GrowingUpwithReadingD.ReadingMakesaFullManBImusthavealwaysknownreadingwasveryimportantbecausethefirstmemoriesIhaveasachilddealwithbooks.Therewasnotonenightthat

35、Idon'tremembermomreadingmeastorybookbymybedside.Iwasextremelyinspiredbytheelegantwaythewordssounded.Ialwayswantedtoknowwhatmymomwasreading.Hearingmomsay,"Ican'tbelievewhat'sprintedinthenewspaperthismorning,"mademewanttograbitoutofherhandsandreaditmyself.Iwantedtobelikemymomandk

36、nowallofthethingssheknew.SoIcarriedaroundabook,andeachnight,justtobelikeher,Iwouldpretendtobereading.Thisishoweveryonelearnedtoread.Wewouldstartoffwithsentences,thenparagraphs,andthenstories.Itseemedanunendingjourney,butevenasasix-year-oldgirlIrealizedthatknowinghowtoreadcouldopenmanydoors.Whenmomsa

37、id,"TheC-A-N-D-Yishiddenonthetopshelf,"Iknewwherethecandywas.Myprogressinreadingraisedmycuriosity,andIwantedtoknoweverything.Ioftenfoundmyselftellingmymomtodrivemoreslowly,sothatIcouldreadalloftheroadsignswepassed.Mostofmyreadingthroughprimary,middleandhighschoolwasfactualreading.Ireadfork

38、nowledge,andtomakeA'sonmytests.Occasionally,Iwouldreadanovelthatwasassigned,butIdidn'tenjoythistypeofreading.Ilikedfacts,thingsthatareconcrete.Ithoughtanythingabstractlefttoomuchroomforargument.Yet,nowthatI'mgrowingandtheworldIonceknewasbeingsosimpleisbecomingmorecomplex,Ifindmyselfneedi

39、ngawaytoescape.Byopeninganovel,IcanleavebehindmyburdensandenterintoawonderfulandmysteriousworldwhereIamnowanewcharacter.IntheseworldsIcanbecomeanyone.Idon'thavetowritedownwhathappenedorwhattechniquetheauthorwasusingwhenheorshewrotethis.Ijustreadtorelax.We'retaughttoreadbecauseit'snecessa

40、ryformuchofhumanunderstanding.Readingisavitalpartofmylife.Readingsatisfiesmydesiretokeeplearning.AndI'vefoundthatthepossibilitiesthatliewithinbooksarelimitless.41. Whydidtheauthorwanttograbthenewspaperoutofmom'shandsA. Shewantedmomtoreadthenewstoher.B. Shewasanxioustoknowwhathadhappened.C. S

41、hecouldn'twaittotearthenewspaperapart.D. Shecouldn'thelpbutstopmomfromreading.42. AccordingtoParagraph3，theauthor'sreadingofindicatesA. heruniquewaytolocateherselfB. hereagernesstodevelopherreadingabilityC. herefforttoremindmomtoobeytrafficrulesD. hergrowingdesiretoknowtheworldaroundher.

42、43. Whatwastheauthor'sviewonfactualreading（）A. Itwouldhelpherupdatetest-takingskills.B. Itwouldallowmuchroomforfreethinking.C. Itwouldprovidetrueandobjectiveinformation.D. Itwouldhelpshapearealisticandseriousattitudetolife.44. Theauthortakesnovelreadingasawayto.A. exploreafantasylandB. developap

43、assionforleaningC. learnabouttheadultcommunityD. getawayfromaconfusingworld45. Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage（）A. TheMagicofReadingB. ThePleasureofReadingC. GrowingUpwithReadingD. ReadingMakesaFullManCHowdoesanecosystem（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）workWhatmakesthepopulationsroad signsof differentanspeciesthewaytheya

44、reWhyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolvesTofindanswer,scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs,notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.Withsuchmodels，scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs，forinstance，consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredator（掠食

45、動(dòng)物）alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey（獵物），thetwospeciesarestronglylinked；whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies，theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies，itcansurvivetheextinction（滅絕）ofoneofthem.Andifapredat

46、orcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare，theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable，wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutent

47、ireecosystems.Inthe1960s，scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies-includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop-downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean，wefishedfortoppredator

48、ssuchascodonanindustrialscale，whileonland，wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally，thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwould

49、evenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey，scientistssaysbecauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint（臨界點(diǎn)），itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.46.WhathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebsA. Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.B. Therulesgoverningfoo

50、dwebsoftheecosystems.C. Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.D. Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.47. Astronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator.A. hasawidefoodchoiceB. caneasilyfindnewpreyC. stickstoonepreyspeciesD. canquicklymovetoanotherplace48. Whatwillhappenift

51、hepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydeclineA. Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.B. Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators.C. Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.D. Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.49. Whatconclusioncanbedr

52、awnfromtheexamplesinParagraph4A. Uncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystems.B. Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.C. Speciesofcommercialvaluedominateotherspecies.D. Industrialactivitieshelpkeepfoodwebsstable.50. Howdoesanearly-warningsystemhelpusmaintaintheecologicalbalanceA. Byg

53、ettingillegalpracticesundercontrol.B. Bystoppingusfromkillinglargepredators.C. Bybringingthebroken-downecosystemsbacktonormal.D. Bysignalingtheurgentneedfortakingpreventiveaction.DWouldyouBETonthefutureofthismanHeis53yearsold.Mostofhisadultlifehasbeenalosingstruggleagainstdebtandmisfortune.Awarinjur

54、yhasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning，andhehasoftenbeeninprison.Drivenbyheaven-knows-whatmotives，hedeterminestowriteabook.Thebookturnsouttobeonethathasappealedtotheworldformorethan350years.ThatformerprisonerwasCervantes,andthebookwasDonQuixote（堂吉訶德）.Andthestoryposesaninterestingquestion:whydosomepeople

55、discovernewvitalityandcreativitytotheendoftheirdays,whileothersgotoseedlongbeforeWe'veallknownpeoplewhorunoutofsteambeforetheyreachlife'shalfwaymark.I'mnottalkingaboutthosewhofailtogettothetop.Wecan'tallgetthere.I'mtalkingaboutpeoplewhohavestoppedlearningongrowingbecausetheyhavea

56、doptedthefixedattitudesandopinionsthatalltoooftencomewithpassingyears.Mostofus,infact,progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.Wesucceedinourfieldofspecializationandthenbecometrappedinit.Nothingsurprisesus.Weloseoursenseofwonder.But,ifwearewillingtolean,theopportunitiesareeverywhere.Thethingswelearni

57、nmaturityseldominvolveinformationandskills.Welearntobearwiththethingswecan'tchange.Welearntoavoidself-pity.Welearnthathowevermuchwetrytoplease,somepeoplearenevergoingtoloveus-anideathattroublesatfirstbutiseventuallyrelaxing.Withhighmotivationandenthusiasm,wecankeeponlearning.Thenwewillknowhowimportantitistohavemeaninginourlife.However,wecanachievemeaningonlyifwehavemadeacommitmenttosomethinglargerthanourownlittleegos（自我）,whethertolovedones,tofellowhumans,towork,ortosomemoralconcept.Manyofusequate（視等同于）"commitment“withsuch“caring“occupationsasteachingandnu