北師大版高中英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)講練PartII語(yǔ)法部分專(zhuān)題7非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

1、專(zhuān)題七非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一、基本分類(lèi) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞分為三類(lèi)：分詞(現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞)、動(dòng)名詞和動(dòng)詞不定式。它們具有名詞和形容詞的某些特征，因而可以作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。1分詞(1)感官動(dòng)詞或使役動(dòng)詞后的現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的全過(guò)程。I saw him walking across the road.(正在穿過(guò)馬路)I saw him walk across the road. (看到過(guò)了馬路的全過(guò)程)(2)及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞(done)與現(xiàn)在分詞的一般被動(dòng)式(being done)都有被動(dòng)意義，前者表示動(dòng)作完成，后者表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。The picture

2、 fixed on the wall was presented by a friend.(已經(jīng)被釘在墻上了) The picture being fixed on the wall was presented by a friend.(正被釘在墻上)注意：不定式有表將來(lái)之意。The picture to be fixed on the wall was presented by a friend.(將要被釘在墻上)(3)分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：如果分詞短語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不一致，需用一個(gè)獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)(即保留分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ))或者由一個(gè)with / without引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)表達(dá)。Time pe

3、rmitting, we'll do another two exercises.His work finished, he prepared to go home.With his work finished, he prepared to go home.2動(dòng)名詞(1)動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)表所修飾詞的用途，而現(xiàn)在分詞表動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)、特征。(2)動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)可用賓格代詞或不帶所有格。但作主語(yǔ)不行。Do you mind my / me / Tom smoking here?My / Tom's smoking here annoyed her.(3)動(dòng)名詞作

4、主語(yǔ)還可用于“There be no動(dòng)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)和布告形式的省略中。There is no knowing what he will do next.No smoking.3動(dòng)詞不定式(1)不定式作介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，如前面有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞do(各種形式)，則不定式不帶to；否則不能省to。He did nothing all the morning but watch TV.He said nothing but to sleep.(2)不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果不定式與所修飾的名詞有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且不定式的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能漏掉介詞。I want a small room to live in. I

5、need a nice pen to write with.(3)不定式作感官動(dòng)詞和部分使役動(dòng)詞(let, make)的賓補(bǔ)，動(dòng)詞不定式不帶to，但句子變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，要帶to。I saw him go into the room. He was seen to go into the room.二、過(guò)去分詞 過(guò)去分詞是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一種重要形式，它在句中可作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。1過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。What's the language (that is) spoken in that area? 那個(gè)地區(qū)講的是什么語(yǔ)言？ The book，(

6、which was) written in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners. 這本書(shū)寫(xiě)于1957年，講的是關(guān)于礦工斗爭(zhēng)的故事。 2過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)，可以表示原因、時(shí)間、條件、方式和伴隨情況。Given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. 有了著名的偵探的指點(diǎn)，年輕的女士不再害怕了。 When heated, water can be changed into steam. 水加熱后可以變成蒸氣。 Given more attention

7、, the cabbages could have grown better. 如果多注意一些，這些大白菜還可以長(zhǎng)得更好。The hunter left his house, followed by his dog. 獵人離開(kāi)了屋子，后面跟著他的狗。He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. 他滿(mǎn)臉是汗地沖進(jìn)屋內(nèi)。三、動(dòng)詞不定式1省略“to”的動(dòng)詞不定式to是動(dòng)詞不定式常常帶有的小品詞，是動(dòng)詞不定式的標(biāo)志。但在下列情況下它常常被省略掉：(1) 作感官動(dòng)詞see，watch，hear，feel，notice等的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)。We f

8、elt the house shake. 我們感到房屋搖晃。(2) 作使役動(dòng)詞make，let，have等的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)。She lets us meet her at the station. 她讓我們?nèi)ボ?chē)站接她。(3) help后的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)前可帶to也可不帶to。She helped her mother (to) prepare for Christmas. 她幫助母親為圣誕節(jié)做準(zhǔn)備。2疑問(wèn)詞動(dòng)詞不定式疑問(wèn)詞what，which，how，where，when等可以和動(dòng)詞不定式連用，構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)。“疑問(wèn)詞動(dòng)詞不定式”可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。When to start off hasn

9、't been decided yet. (作主語(yǔ))什么時(shí)候出發(fā)還沒(méi)決定。The question is which bus to take. (作表語(yǔ))問(wèn)題是乘哪輛公共汽車(chē)。四、動(dòng)詞ing形式動(dòng)詞ing形式(包括現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞)有一般時(shí)和完成時(shí)兩種形式，并且也都有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，在句中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等成分。高考英語(yǔ)試題中對(duì)動(dòng)詞ing形式考查主要集中在以下幾個(gè)方面：1動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)在某些finish, enjoy, appreciate, avoid, suggest, consider, imagine, stand, excuse, delay, escape, r

10、isk, miss, admit, permit, allow動(dòng)詞的后面只能接動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)。My brother is now considering changing his present job. The bird was very lucky because it missed being shot by the hunter.2動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)和不定式的區(qū)別 在forget, remember, regret等動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞ing形式和不定式作賓語(yǔ)在含義上有區(qū)別。Remember to put the book on the desk when you leave the

11、 room.(記得去做某事)I remember putting the book on the desk, but it's gone now.(記得做過(guò)某事)3動(dòng)詞ing形式作狀語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞ing形式可以作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、伴隨狀語(yǔ)、原因狀語(yǔ)等?！癢e can't go out in this weather，” said Bob, looking out of the window. The secretary stayed up late last night, preparing a report for the manager. 4動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞ing形式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)和前

12、面的名詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。It is generally considered bad manners to sit with your feet pointing to others. You will be fired if you are found smoking in the kitchen. 5動(dòng)詞ing形式的完成時(shí)和語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞ing形式的被動(dòng)式由“being done”構(gòu)成，它作定語(yǔ)時(shí)表示正在進(jìn)行或和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作；動(dòng)詞ing形式的完成時(shí)由“havingdone”構(gòu)成，表示發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前的動(dòng)作。The stadium being built can hold 5

13、0,000 people when completed. Having being shown around the lab, the visitors were taken to the playground. 縱觀近年的高考題，考查點(diǎn)是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。一、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別 現(xiàn)在分詞 (doing) 作定語(yǔ)，表示一個(gè)主動(dòng)的或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (being done) 表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；不定式 (to do) 作定語(yǔ)表示一個(gè)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。The meeting (which is) being held now is very

14、 important. 正在召開(kāi)的這個(gè)會(huì)議很重要。The meeting (which was) held yesterday is very important. 昨天召開(kāi)的會(huì)議很重要。The meeting which will be held tomorrow is very important. 明天將要召開(kāi)的會(huì)議很重要。二、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別 不定式與賓語(yǔ)的邏輯關(guān)系是主謂關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作將發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成；現(xiàn)在分詞與賓語(yǔ)的邏輯關(guān)系是主謂關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，尚未完成；過(guò)去分詞與賓語(yǔ)的邏輯關(guān)系是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，多強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)。I expect them to win t

15、he game. 我期盼他們贏得這場(chǎng)比賽。I heard him call me several times. 我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他給我打了幾次電話(huà)了。I found her listening to the radio. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)她正在聽(tīng)收音機(jī)。三、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)和動(dòng)作完成；現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)和動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行；不定式表示目的。Discussed (Having been discussed) many times, the problems were settled at last. 在討論了多次之后，問(wèn)題終于解決了。Having finished his work, he went

16、out to play. 完成了工作后，他出去玩了。To catch the first bus, he got up early. 為了趕上早班車(chē)，他起得很早。高考真題探究（20062011年）【2011全國(guó)卷,27】The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.A.rose B.rising C. to rise D.risen【答案】B【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤敖酉聛?lái)我們看到的是煙霧從房子的后面冒出來(lái)。”rise升起來(lái)和see看到這兩個(gè)動(dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，因此選擇現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行的形式表示非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)

17、詞動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。選B?！?011全國(guó)卷II,15】The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。【解析】句意為“因?yàn)橛幸蛔鶚蚺c大陸連接，那個(gè)島嶼很容易去。”join是及物動(dòng)詞，但空格后沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)，故使用join的過(guò)去分詞形式，充當(dāng)表示狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)的形容詞用，選項(xiàng)A、B、D都是主動(dòng)式，需要后接賓語(yǔ)，因此排除。選C?！?011全國(guó)卷II,18】Sarah pretended to be cheerful

18、,_ nothing about the argument. A. says B. said C. to say D. saying【答案】D【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤癝arah假裝開(kāi)心，對(duì)那次爭(zhēng)論什么也沒(méi)說(shuō)?！盇和B項(xiàng)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，句中沒(méi)有連詞，故排除；C項(xiàng)是作目的狀語(yǔ)，而句中是伴隨狀態(tài)，故選D?！?011北京卷,25】Its important for the figures regularly.A. to be updated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated【答案】A【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！?/p>

19、解析】句意為“經(jīng)常更新這些數(shù)值很重要。”B和D項(xiàng)表示發(fā)生過(guò)的某件具體的事，但句尾的regularly表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。for引出的邏輯主語(yǔ)the figures與update存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選A。【2011北京卷,33】Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet.A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept【答案】B【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。【解析】句意為“Emma，你坐下吧。老這么站著你會(huì)累的?！盇項(xiàng)to keep是表示將來(lái)。

20、C項(xiàng)having kept和D項(xiàng)to have kept表示動(dòng)作先發(fā)生。make yourself more tired與keeping on you feet同時(shí)進(jìn)行，故選B?！?011天津卷,7】Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried【答案】A【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤奥每椭豢梢噪S身攜帶一件行李登機(jī)?！眕ermit sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事，句中

21、是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，Passeagers是carry的邏輯主語(yǔ)，用主動(dòng)式，故選A?！?011天津卷,12】 into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated【答案】B【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。【解析】句意為“翻譯成英語(yǔ)后，發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)句子的詞序全變了?！眛he sentence與translate之間存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞，答案B?！?011上海春招,34】Mike

22、found his missing car in the street outside his house, newly cleaned and polished.A. lookedB. to lookC. lookingD. to be looking【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤癕ike在他屋子外的大街上發(fā)現(xiàn)了他丟失的汽車(chē)，看上去剛擦得干干凈凈，還打過(guò)臘。”A項(xiàng)looked是謂語(yǔ)形式，但句中沒(méi)有連詞；B項(xiàng)不定式to look和D項(xiàng)to be looking如果都表結(jié)果，那只能由Mike執(zhí)行這個(gè)動(dòng)作，與題意不符；C項(xiàng)looking表明車(chē)子的特性，作伴隨狀語(yǔ)，故選C。【20

23、11上海春招,36】 in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the riginal fun park. A. OpenedB. Having openedC. OpeningD. Being opened【答案】A【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤昂芏嗳苏J(rèn)為1955年開(kāi)業(yè)的加利福尼亞迪斯尼樂(lè)園非常有趣?！眔pen開(kāi)業(yè)，與Disneyland之間存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系；D項(xiàng)Being opened表正在進(jìn)行，但開(kāi)業(yè)的事實(shí)已經(jīng)發(fā)生，故選A。【2011上海春招,40】Harrison Ford is thought to be

24、 one of the few movie stars as a carpenter before. A. to work B. to be working C. to have worked D. to have been working【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤癏arrison Ford被認(rèn)為是為數(shù)不多的曾經(jīng)做過(guò)木匠的電影明星之一?！薄白鲞^(guò)木匠”這事發(fā)生在過(guò)去，不定式應(yīng)當(dāng)用完成式，表示發(fā)生過(guò)，排除A、B項(xiàng)。因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在是明星，排除D項(xiàng)，選C?！?011山東卷,27】Look over theretheres a very long, winding path up to

25、 the house.A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead【答案】A【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤翱茨莾?，有一條長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的蜿蜒小路向上延伸到那座房子?！眑eading作為path的后置定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于which leads。選A?！?011江蘇卷,31】Recently a survey prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.Acompared Bcomparing Ccompares Dbeing co

26、mpared【答案】B【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤白罱豁?xiàng)調(diào)查引起了市民們的激烈討論，該調(diào)查是比較在兩個(gè)不同超市里的相同商品的價(jià)格。”句子的主語(yǔ)是a survey，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是has caused，賓語(yǔ)是heated debate。由此可見(jiàn)，原句不缺主干成分，“ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets”該部分是來(lái)修飾survey的，做后置定語(yǔ)。排除C作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的選項(xiàng)。由于prices作compare的賓語(yǔ)，是主動(dòng)形式，所以選B。【2011福建卷,23】Tsinghua University, in 1911, is

27、 home to a great number of outstanding figures.A. found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤敖ㄓ?911年的清華大學(xué)培養(yǎng)了一大批杰出的人士?！盩singhua University與found之間存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系，to be founded不定式表將來(lái)。founded過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，也表動(dòng)作已完成，故選C?！?011福建卷,27】The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier versi

28、on makes the iPad 2 more comfortable .A. held B. holding C. be held D. to hold【答案】D【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤癷Pad 2與早期的型號(hào)在厚度和重量上不同，拿在手里很舒服。”在用easy, difficult, hard, comfortable等形容詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用不定式作狀語(yǔ)。hold與前面的the iPad 2有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用主動(dòng)式。因此，選D?！?011安徽卷, 30】Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocol

29、ate easier into small pieces.A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break【答案】D【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤癟om問(wèn)糖果制造商能否把巧克力做得更容易扳成小塊?！痹谟胑asy, difficult, hard, comfortable等形容詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用不定式作狀語(yǔ)。to break與the chocolate存在著動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用主動(dòng)式的不定式，選D?！?011浙江卷,3】Bats are surprsingly long-lived creatures, some a life span of arou

30、nd 20 years.A.having B had C. have D. to have【答案】A【考點(diǎn)】考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤傲钊梭@訝的是，蝙蝠是長(zhǎng)壽的動(dòng)物，有些能活20年左右?！県ad和have是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，題中沒(méi)有連詞，無(wú)法并存兩個(gè)句子。to have表將來(lái)；having表伴隨，因此，選A?！?011浙江卷,14】Even the best writers sometimes find themselves for words.A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost【答案】B【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤吧踔磷顑?yōu)秀的作

31、家有時(shí)也會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們難以用文字表達(dá)自己?！眑ose是及物動(dòng)詞，A、C、D項(xiàng)都是主動(dòng)式，空格后沒(méi)有l(wèi)ose的賓語(yǔ)，故用過(guò)去分詞lost當(dāng)形容詞用，作find themselves的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。選B。【2011浙江卷,19】If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city by their enthusiastic supporters.A. being cheered B. be cheeresd C. to be cheered D. were cheered【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。【解析

32、】句意為“如果他們贏了今晚的決賽，隊(duì)員們將會(huì)巡游全城，接受熱心支持者的歡呼?！盇項(xiàng)being cheered正在進(jìn)行；B項(xiàng)be cheeresd是謂語(yǔ)原形；D項(xiàng)were cheered也是謂語(yǔ)，但句中已有謂語(yǔ)are going to；C項(xiàng)to be cheered表示將來(lái)，同時(shí)也表示被動(dòng)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，選C。【2011四川卷,2】Ladex doest feel like abroad. Her parents are old.A. study B. studying C. studied D.to study【答案】B【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤癓adex不愿意去國(guó)外留學(xué)，因?yàn)樗母?/p>

33、母年紀(jì)大了?！眆eel like doing sth.想要做某事，習(xí)慣表達(dá)法。因此選B?！?011四川卷,11】Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it could fly.A.keep B.kept C.keeping D.to keep【答案】D【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤癝imon制作了一個(gè)大竹盒來(lái)養(yǎng)這只生病的小鳥(niǎo)，直到它能飛起來(lái)。”make a big bamboo box的目的是為了keep the little sick bird，因此選D表示目的狀語(yǔ)。A項(xiàng)構(gòu)成使役用法，大竹盒無(wú)生命力，不能執(zhí)行這個(gè)

34、動(dòng)作；B項(xiàng)是謂語(yǔ)詞，與句中made沖突；C項(xiàng)是伴隨狀語(yǔ)，表示made與keep同時(shí)進(jìn)行。根據(jù)句意選D?！?011四川卷,16】 an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.A.Offer B.Offering C.Offered D.To offer【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤癆ndy在一部新影片中扮演重要角色，這就有了成名的機(jī)會(huì)?！眔ffer sb. sth.(主動(dòng))提供某人某物。句中Andy與offer之間存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選C?！?011重慶卷,29】More TV pro

35、grams, according to government officials, will be produced peoples concern over food safety.A.to raise B.raising C.to have raised D. having raised【答案】A【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。【解析】句意為“據(jù)政府官員說(shuō)，為了喚起人們對(duì)食品安全的關(guān)注，將制作更多的電視節(jié)目?！眗aising表示伴隨；to have raised表示動(dòng)作已發(fā)生；having raised表示動(dòng)作先發(fā)生；to raise表示目的狀語(yǔ)，事情還沒(méi)有發(fā)生，是前面“將制作更多的電視節(jié)目”的目

36、的，因此，選A?！?011重慶卷,33】Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself of his own dreams.A. reminding B. to remind C. reminded D. remind【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤癕ichael在他的床頭貼了姚明的照片提醒自己不要忘了自己的夢(mèng)想?！笨崭袂暗膆imself與動(dòng)詞remind之間存在著被動(dòng)關(guān)系。故選C?！?011陜西卷,14】Claire had her luggage an hour before her

37、plane left. A.check B.checking C.to check D.checked【答案】D【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。【解析】句意為“Claire在登機(jī)前一小時(shí)她攜帶的行李接受了檢查?！県ave sth. done“讓被做”。邏輯主語(yǔ)是her luggage，和check的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以答案選擇D?！?011陜西卷,20】More highways have been built in China,_ it much easier for people to travel form one place to another. A. making B. made C. t

38、o make D. having made【答案】A【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。【解析】句意為“中國(guó)修建了越來(lái)越多的高速公路，人們更加方便從一個(gè)地點(diǎn)到另外一個(gè)地點(diǎn)?！笨崭窈竺媸莍t，說(shuō)明是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除B；不能選擇C的原因是to do做目的狀語(yǔ)，不符合句意；答案選擇A，表示結(jié)果。【2011湖南卷,21】The ability an idea is as important as the idea itself A expressing B expressed C to express D to be expressed【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)的用法。【解析】句意為“想法重要，提出想法

39、的能力也同樣重要?！眅xpress 修飾的是ability, 為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除B和D表示被動(dòng)的選項(xiàng)；ability作為一個(gè)抽象名詞，通常使用動(dòng)詞不定式做定語(yǔ)，聯(lián)系到短語(yǔ)be able to do sth，不難推斷正確選項(xiàng)為C?！?011湖南卷,23】The players from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game .A selecting B to selece C selected D having selected【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做定語(yǔ)的用法。【解析】句意為“人們期待著

40、從全國(guó)各地挑選出來(lái)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員能在今年夏季的賽事中給我們帶來(lái)榮譽(yù)?！眘elect修飾players, 為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，只有C選項(xiàng)表被動(dòng)。故選C?！?011湖南卷,29】Do you wake up every morning energetic and ready to start a new day?A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。【解析】句意為“每天早上醒來(lái)后，你是否感到精力充沛，并為新的一天作好了準(zhǔn)備？”wake up作句子的謂語(yǔ)，句中沒(méi)有連詞，排除謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞feel。to feel表將來(lái)，與wake up組成一先一后的動(dòng)

41、作關(guān)系，felt 作為過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，與you 這個(gè)邏輯主語(yǔ)矛盾，故選C，feeling作伴隨狀語(yǔ)?！?011遼寧卷,30】 around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤坝慰蛡儑@在火堆旁邊，與當(dāng)?shù)厝艘黄鹛琛！眊ather的動(dòng)作由the tourists執(zhí)行,用主動(dòng)形式,并與dance同時(shí)進(jìn)行,故選C，表示伴隨情況?！?011江西卷32】On receiving

42、a phone call from his wife she had a fall, Mr. Gorden immediately rushed home from his office. A. says B.said C.saying D.to say【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！窘馕觥俊霸诮拥狡拮拥碾娫?huà)說(shuō)她摔倒后，Gorden先生立刻從辦公室沖回家?！狈侵^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞修飾phone call，前后動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作在同一時(shí)間發(fā)生，表主動(dòng)進(jìn)行用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式。選C?！?011遼寧卷,23】Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to te

43、ach to read fast.A. what B. who C. how D. why【答案】C【考點(diǎn)】考查疑問(wèn)副詞 + to do的用法?！窘馕觥烤湟鉃椤坝卸麑W(xué)生想聽(tīng)旨在提高閱讀速度的課程?！眆ast提示了方式，how + to read fast等同于名詞，作teach的賓語(yǔ)。故選C。10福建Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.A. sendingB. to sendC. having sentD.

44、 to have sent答案A考點(diǎn)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解析表示伴隨。從“were working” 可以判斷是進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài), 排除C。10福建In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.A. stickingB. stuckC. to be stuckD. to have stuck答案B考點(diǎn)remain后接動(dòng)詞的用法解析remain是高考的重點(diǎn)詞匯。當(dāng)它做系動(dòng)詞時(shí), 后面接過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)。10上海Lucy has a great sense of humor and always k

45、eeps her colleagues with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to amuse D. to be amused答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。解析keep+sb. /sth. +done,根據(jù)句意, sb.與它后面的動(dòng)詞成被動(dòng)關(guān)系, 故選A.10上海 the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached答案A考點(diǎn)本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)

46、詞。解析考察現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ), 表示正在進(jìn)行或主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。此時(shí)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是主句的主語(yǔ), 因此要注意人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的一致性。10上海Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students bathrooms. A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce答案B考點(diǎn)此處考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。解析此處應(yīng)該用不定式the way to do sth表示做的途徑、方式。the only way to do,we can imagine 做定語(yǔ), 前面省略了that.10安徽He

47、 had a wonderful childhood, _with his mother to all corners of the worldA. travel B. to travelC. traveled D. traveling答案D考點(diǎn)本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)。解析主語(yǔ)（he）與動(dòng)詞travel之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系, 故用traveling作原因狀語(yǔ)。10湖南Listen! Do you hear someone for help?A. calling B. call C. to call D. called 答案A考點(diǎn)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。解析該空在句中為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ), 根據(jù) someo

48、ne與call的主動(dòng)關(guān)系排除D項(xiàng)。hear后接不定式作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)省略to, 由此排除C項(xiàng)。由Listen可判斷此處表示正在求救, 故選A項(xiàng)。10湖南Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle答案C考點(diǎn)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。解析該空, 分詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ), 其邏輯主語(yǔ)Dina與struggle為主動(dòng)關(guān)系, 故排除B項(xiàng)。由劇中的f

49、inally可知非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在句中謂語(yǔ)took a position之前, 故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成主動(dòng)式。10湖南So far nobody has claimed the money in the library. A. discovered B. to be discovered C. discovering D. having discovered答案A考點(diǎn)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解析該空在句中作后置定語(yǔ)修飾the money, 根據(jù)the money與discover的被動(dòng)關(guān)系, 排除C、D兩項(xiàng)。B項(xiàng)表示的是“將要被發(fā)現(xiàn)” 的意思, 根據(jù)句意“到目前為止還沒(méi)有人來(lái)認(rèn)領(lǐng)在圖書(shū)館被發(fā)現(xiàn)的錢(qián)”

50、 可判斷選A項(xiàng)。10江西The lady walked around the shops, _ an eye out for bargains.A keep B kept C keeping D to keep答案C考點(diǎn)考察非謂語(yǔ)。解析句子主語(yǔ)lady和keep 之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系, 而且walk和keep 同時(shí)發(fā)生。10江西There were many talented actors out there just waiting _.A to discover B to be discovered C discovered D being discovered答案B考點(diǎn)考察非謂語(yǔ)。解析演員等待

51、被發(fā)現(xiàn), 用被動(dòng), 發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)生在等待之后, 所以用不定式.10山東I have a lot of readings _ before the end of this term. A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed答案B考點(diǎn)本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的使用。解析句意應(yīng)為“這個(gè)學(xué)期結(jié)束前, 我要做很多閱讀練習(xí)?！?由于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)before the end of this term表達(dá)未來(lái)的時(shí)間, 所以空格處使用動(dòng)詞不定式表示將來(lái), 充當(dāng)readings的定語(yǔ)。10天津It rained heavily in the sou

52、th, serious flooding in several provinces.A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause答案C考點(diǎn)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。解析句意：南方下了大雨, 在幾個(gè)省區(qū)造成嚴(yán)重洪災(zāi)?？崭窈髎erious flooding是rained heavily的后果, 而且句子主語(yǔ)it和cause之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系, 所以此處要用動(dòng)詞的ing形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)10四川A great number of students said they were forced to practise the piano. A. to question B. to be questioned C. questioned D. questioning答案C考點(diǎn)考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)。解析question與students 存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系, question表示的動(dòng)作也已完成, 故用過(guò)去分詞。10四川The lawyer listened with full attention, to miss any point. A. not trying B. trying not C. to try not D. not to try答案B考點(diǎn)考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做伴隨狀語(yǔ)及動(dòng)詞不定式的否定式。解析句中l(wèi)isten和t