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1、八年級(jí)上冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)清理Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?1,一般過(guò)去時(shí)基本結(jié)構(gòu):主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+其他;否定形式:was / were + not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加 didn't,同時(shí)還原動(dòng)詞;一般疑問(wèn)句: Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+其他?Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?2,動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式規(guī)則變化:直接加 ed;以不發(fā)音 e結(jié)尾的單詞,直接加 d;以輔音字 母+y結(jié)尾的,變 y為i加ed;以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的,直接加 ed;以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的,雙寫(xiě)最后的輔音字母+ed不規(guī)則變化的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(見(jiàn)書(shū)本最后一頁(yè))3 , go on vacation 去度假be on

2、 vacation 在度假4, anyone 任何人,只用于指人,一般用在否定句、疑問(wèn)句中,后面不接of 短語(yǔ)。做主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Eg: Is there anyone at home?5,形容詞修飾不定代詞后置anything special something importantenough 作副詞,修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)需后置old enough fast enoughelse作形容詞 意為“別的,其他的",修飾疑問(wèn)代詞和不定代詞后置what else whoelse something else other e 作形容詞意為“別的,其他的”修飾名詞,前置。otherpeop

3、le6, quite a few/ little 相當(dāng)多7, How/ what about+動(dòng)詞-ing/ n/代詞 怎么樣?(表建議、詢問(wèn))8, most students= most of the students 大多數(shù)學(xué)生"one of +the most +形容詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù)"表示"最之一"Eg: He is one of the most famous writers in China.9, buy/ get sb sth= buy/ get sth for sb 給某人買(mǎi)某物10, what do you think of/ about ?

4、 = how do you like ?你認(rèn)為怎么樣?11, have fun, enjoy oneself, have a good/ great/ wonderful time+ 動(dòng)詞 -ing, “做某事很開(kāi)心”12,主語(yǔ)+ seem+( to be) +表語(yǔ)(名詞/形容詞)eg: Tom seems to be a smart boy/ happy.It seems that從句 eg: It seems that he understand.主語(yǔ) + seem to do stheg: He seems to understand.13,形容詞 以-ing 結(jié)尾“令人的"描

5、述"物" exciting , interesting , relaxing , boring以-ed 結(jié)尾 “人感到的" 描述 "人" excited, interested, relaxed, bored14,詢問(wèn)價(jià)格: How much is ?What's the price of?表示價(jià)格高低: be expensive/ cheapThe price of is high/ low15, get to, arrive in/at, reach,到達(dá)(如果后面接地點(diǎn)的副詞home, here或there ,就不用介詞in ,a

6、t, to)16, decide( not) to do17, try( not) to do sth 盡力try doing sth 嘗試try/ do one s best to do sthtry it on 試穿(動(dòng)副結(jié)構(gòu))have a try 試一試18, feel like 感覺(jué)像feel like doing sth/ want to do sth/ would like to do sth 想要做某事19, a lot of= lots of =plenty of 很多20, in the past 在過(guò)去21, enjoy/ like doing 喜歡做某事22,感嘆句:Ho

7、w+adj+ 主 +謂!What+ a/an +形容詞+名詞單數(shù)+主 +謂!What+ adj+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)+主 +謂!23, more than=over 超過(guò)less than 少于 more or less 或多或少24, wait for 等待25, too many "太多”修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)too much "太多"修飾不可數(shù)名詞much too "實(shí)在太"修飾形容詞或副詞26, because+R句because of +n/ V-ing /代詞27, enough 作 adj 修飾名詞,enough time enough

8、moneyEnough+ 名詞 +to do sth eg: I have enough time to finish the work.enough 作副詞修飾形容詞或副詞需后置old enough fast enoughnot- enough to doThe book isn't easy enough for me to read.tooto 太以致于 The book is too difficult for me to read.sothat如此 以致于 The book is so difficult that I can 't read.28, the next

9、 day 第二天29, remember/ forget+to do 要做 記得/忘記去做某事+doing 做過(guò) 記得/忘記做過(guò)某事30, Stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事Stop to do 停下來(lái)去做其他事Stop doing 停止正在做的事31, another two hours=two more hours32, at the top of在頂端,名列之前 強(qiáng)調(diào)點(diǎn)on the top of在上面強(qiáng)調(diào)面33, find out 查明,弄清find 找到(結(jié)果)look for 尋找(過(guò)程)34, go on with/ doing sth 繼續(xù)原來(lái)的事go

10、on to do sth 繼續(xù)做別的事35, so +adj +that +結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句”如此以致”eg: I was so busy that I didn t go to sleep for 3 days.Unit 2 How often do you exercise?1, how 如何(方式)how long 多長(zhǎng)(時(shí)間)答語(yǔ)常用“For/ about +時(shí)間段”how far 多遠(yuǎn)(距離)答語(yǔ)常用"It '+數(shù)詞 + miles/ meters/ kilometers ”how often多久一次(頻率)答語(yǔ)常用" Always/ often/ every

11、 day/ "或"次數(shù)+時(shí)間” 等表頻率的狀語(yǔ)how soon 多快,多久以后,常用在將來(lái)時(shí)中。答語(yǔ)常用“in +時(shí)間段”how many 多少(接可數(shù)名詞)how much 多少(錢(qián))(接不可數(shù)名詞)2, exercise 作動(dòng)詞鍛煉,運(yùn)動(dòng)作可數(shù)名詞操,練習(xí)do morning/ eye exercises作不可數(shù)名詞鍛煉take much/ more exercise3, at+鐘點(diǎn) at 7 o 'clockat noon/ at night (during/ in the day ) at this/ that time at the age ofon+ 具

12、體某天、星期、特指的一天、紀(jì)念日、節(jié)日on April 1 st on Sunday on a cold winter morningon Teachers Dayin +上午、下午、晚上、年、月、季節(jié)、年代、世紀(jì)in the morning/ afternoon/ eveningin 1999 in August in autumn in 1960s in the 21 st century4, help sb ( to) do sth 幫助某人做某事help sb with sth 幫助某人做某事with sb s help= with the help of sb 在某人的幫助下5, d

13、o( the) housework= do chores 做家務(wù)6,頻度副詞(行前be 后)Always usually often sometimes seldom hardly never7, sometimes有時(shí)(頻度副詞)sometime (將來(lái))有朝一日,(曾經(jīng))某天some times 幾次,幾倍some time 一段時(shí)間(前面用介詞for)8, go shopping= do some shopping9, once twice three times10, at once, right now , right away, in a minute, in a moment,

14、in no time 立刻,馬上( 拓展:once more 再一次,重新once upon a time 從前,曾經(jīng))11, every day 每天everyday 日常的,每天的12, on the internet 上網(wǎng)13, what s your favorite program ? =what program do you like best ?14, free 空閑的inone s free time be free自由的asfree as a fish freedom n. 自由免費(fèi)的The best things in life are free.15, be full =

15、be busy 忙的be busy doing sth/ be busy with sthbe full of 充滿eg: The bottle is full of milk.16, How come ?怎么會(huì)?為什么?17, may be為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形,在句子中做謂語(yǔ),位于主語(yǔ)之后;maybe是副詞,表示可能,大概,一般放在句首(=perhaps),位于主語(yǔ)之前。18, stay up doing sth 熬夜做某事19, stay/ keep healthy 保持健康be in good/ bad/ poor health 健康 /不健康20, at least=no less t

16、han 至少at most=no more than 最多21, ask sb about sth詢問(wèn)某人某事的情況ask sb( not) to do sth 要求某人不做某事ask sb for help/ advice 向某人尋求幫助/建議22, the result of的結(jié)果 as a result 結(jié)果23, be surprised that/ be surprised at/ be surprised to do 對(duì) 彳艮驚訝to one s surprise 另某人驚訝的是in surprise 驚訝地24, the answer to the question, a key

17、 to the door, a ticket to the ball game , the way to my home25, although=though (與 but 不能連用)Even though/ if 即使,盡管as though/ if 仿佛,好像26, by介詞+n/ v-ing/代詞通過(guò)方式by oneself 獨(dú)自地by the way 順便問(wèn)/說(shuō)一下by chance/ accident 偶然地by mistake 錯(cuò)誤地learn by heart 記住27, the best way/ time to do 做某事最好的方式/時(shí)間28, 4個(gè)花費(fèi):人 +spend/

18、 spends/ spent+時(shí)間/錢(qián) + (in) doing sth/ on sth spend time withsb人 +pay/ pays/ paid + 錢(qián) +for sthIt takes/ took sb + 時(shí)間 +to do sth物 +cost/ costs/ cost +sb +錢(qián)29, die v.死亡,消失 died過(guò)去式dead 形容詞死亡的,無(wú)生命的death 名詞 死亡the death of30, before it s too late 趁來(lái)得及31,“數(shù)字+percent of+名詞”“百分之作主語(yǔ)”,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞取決于名詞Eg: Twenty percen

19、t of the students exercise every day.Twenty percent of time passes.Unit 3 I m more outgoing than my sister.1,比較級(jí),最高級(jí)變化規(guī)則一般在詞尾+ er或est;以e結(jié)尾的加r或st;重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫(xiě)輔音字母+ er或est;輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的,改y為i+ er或est;多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞,加 more或most。不規(guī)則變化見(jiàn)書(shū)本P1142,比較級(jí)用法基本句型:主語(yǔ)+be+比較級(jí)+than+比較對(duì)象兩者相比較用比較級(jí)eg:Who do you think is more outgoing

20、 , Lily or Lucy?Very,more,quite, so,too 等用于修飾原級(jí);much, a lot , a little , a bit, (拓展:far ,even)等用于修飾比較級(jí)eg: I m much/ a little / a lot / a bit /farmore outgoing than my sister.I m even worse now.不能與人或事物自身相比較eg: He is taller than any other student in his class.China is larger than any country in Africa

21、.比較對(duì)象要一致(that代替不可數(shù)名詞,those代替可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),所有格,ones)eg: The weather in Harbin is much colder than that in Wuhan.The students of Class One study harder than those of Class Two.My bike is newer than Tom s.比較級(jí)中出現(xiàn) of the two/ twins結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),形容詞比較級(jí)前要+the,不可用thanEg: Tom is the taller of the two brothers.比較級(jí)+and +比較級(jí)&qu

22、ot;表示"越來(lái)越"(多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)用" more and more+原級(jí))Eg: It gets warmer and warmer when spring comes.You re getting more and more beautiful.“the+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)”表示"越,就越”Eg: The more you exercise, the stronger you will be.“Asas”中間接原級(jí),表示"與一樣",否定為"not as/ soas"表示"不如"Eg:

23、 He is as tall as his father.He is not as/ so tall as his father.“比較級(jí)+than” (more/ less +原級(jí)+than)與“not as/ so as”可以互換Eg: I m taller than you.You re shorter than me.You re not as/ so tall as me.Chinese is more important than Biology.Biology is less important than ChineseBiology is not as/ so importan

24、t as Chinese比大/多/長(zhǎng)/寬幾倍,用"主語(yǔ) +be+times+比較級(jí)+than+比較對(duì)象”Eg: Our classroom is twice larger than yours.重幾斤,高幾公分,大幾歲,用"主語(yǔ) +be+數(shù)量詞+比較級(jí)+than+比較對(duì)象”Eg: I m six years older than you.3, loudly 大聲地,響亮地(多含噪音之意)aloud 大聲地,出聲地(強(qiáng)調(diào)出聲)read aloud call aloud for helploud 大聲地,高聲地,常與speak, shout, laugh, talk 連用響亮的

25、,大聲的loud voice4, fast 強(qiáng)調(diào)速度快run/ drive fastquickly 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作、行動(dòng)快soon 強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間間隔短5, competition 體育,書(shū)法,朗讀,音樂(lè)等比賽match 體育競(jìng)技比賽,球類(lèi)比賽race 速度方面的競(jìng)賽,賽跑,賽龍舟等6, win+ 比賽,獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)beat+人,團(tuán)隊(duì)7, ago 以前,用于一般過(guò)去時(shí),放在一段時(shí)間后 before在以前,通常用于完成時(shí),放在時(shí)間點(diǎn)或事件之前8, be the same as¥D 樣” fbe different from ”和 不同" be similar to =be like 像9, be

26、 good at+ V-ing=do well in 擅長(zhǎng)于be good for 對(duì)有益(be bad for 對(duì)有害)be good to 對(duì)友好(good 可用 friendly , nice, kind 替換)be good with 和相處好 (=get on/ along well with )10, true/ truly 指故事、說(shuō)法、答案等與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)事實(shí)、實(shí)際情況相符real/ really 指人或事客觀存在,不是想象的11, take care of=look after 照顧care for 照料、關(guān)心某人,喜歡某人、某物care about 關(guān)心,計(jì)較,在乎12, make

27、 sb do sthmake sb/ sth +形容詞make me happy( make sb +名詞We made him monitor. )13, both “兩者都”位置:實(shí)義動(dòng)詞前be 后both of them/ us=they/ we bothboth 作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)both and - =not only but (also) 否定為: neither- nor14, be popular with sb 受某人歡迎be popular in/ at 在某地受歡迎15, it is +adj+for sb +to do sth ( adj 修飾 to do sth)

28、 It is important for me to learn English.(拓展 it is +adj+of sb +to do sth ( adj 修飾sb)It is kind/ friendly/ nice of you to help me. )16, bring out 使顯現(xiàn)出17, share sth with sb 和某人分享18, other “其他的,另外的”, 后接名詞復(fù)數(shù),有時(shí) other+n 復(fù)數(shù) =othersanother “又一(個(gè)) ,另一(個(gè))”,泛指總數(shù)為三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上中的任意一個(gè),后接名詞單數(shù) 。the other "(兩者中的)另一個(gè)

29、“,常與one連用,"onethe other”表示"一個(gè),另 一個(gè)19, learn sth by heart 用心記 lose heart灰心20, break the law/ rules/ world record 違法/違規(guī)/打破世界紀(jì)錄21, laugh 發(fā)笑laugh at 嘲笑Smile微笑smile at對(duì)微笑23, call sb at +電話號(hào)碼24, information 【不可數(shù)】通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)、閱讀、觀察等得到的信息、情報(bào)、資料(側(cè)重內(nèi)容)news【不可數(shù)】 廣播、電視等報(bào)道的新聞、消息(強(qiáng)調(diào)新鮮、及時(shí)) a piece of news messag

30、e【可數(shù)】口信、短信、信息(強(qiáng)調(diào)傳遞)take a message for sbleave a message to sbUnit 4 What s the best movie theate? r1, 最高級(jí)的用法 用于三者或三者以上的比較eg: Which do you like best , Chinese, Math or English ?"one of+最高級(jí)+n.復(fù)數(shù)"表示"最之一"Eg : Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century.“the +序數(shù)詞+最高級(jí)+n.單數(shù)+范圍”表示

31、“在一范圍內(nèi)一是第幾一”Eg: Hainan is the second largest island in China.最高級(jí)標(biāo)志詞 Of all +n.復(fù)數(shù);of the +數(shù)(> 3) + n.復(fù)數(shù);in/ at+地點(diǎn)2, comfort v.使舒適,安慰comfortable adj. 舒適的(-uncomfortable)comfortably adv. 舒適地3,voice 嗓音(說(shuō)話聲、歌聲、笑聲、鳥(niǎo)鳴聲)in a low voice 小聲地noise 雜音sound 任何可以聽(tīng)到的聲音4,be close to 靠近5, choose-chosechoose from 從

32、中選擇choose to do sth 選擇做某事6,Can I ask you some/ a few questions?7, Welcome to+地點(diǎn)歡迎到某地來(lái)8,So far(= until now= up to now) 至今為止9, Around/ near here= in the neighborhood 在附近10, thanks for +n/ V-ing謝朗爾/你的Thanks for your help/ thanks for helping me.Thanks for your invitation/ thanks for inviting/ asking me.

33、11,Thank you/ Thanks 謝謝 No problem/ You re welcome/ That s all right/ Not at all/ Its a pleasure/ My pleasure/ That s OK. 不用謝12, talent n.天資,才能 talented adj.有天賦的(funtalented)have a talent for (doing) sth. 對(duì)(做)某事有天賦13, around the world= all over the world 全世界14, have- in common 有相同特征 in common with 同

34、一樣15, kind of 相當(dāng)于副詞,修飾形容詞或副詞,意為“稍微,有點(diǎn)”,與 a little/ bit 相近a kind of 意為“一種”, some kinds of 意為“幾種”, different kinds of 意為“不同種類(lèi)的” , all kinds of 意為“各種各樣的”。這里的kind 是“種,類(lèi),屬”的意思。16, and so on 等等17, be up to是的職責(zé),由決定18, play a role/ part in doing sth在中扮演角色,在中發(fā)揮作用,有影響19, make up 編造(故事、謊言)20, take - seriously認(rèn)

35、真對(duì)待21, for example 例如后面是句子such as 例如后面是詞或短語(yǔ)22, come true 實(shí)現(xiàn)23, finish+ n/ v-ing 做完某事24, crowd v. 擁擠eg: They crowd into the room.n.人群eg: There was a big crowd at the football match.A crowd of students are waiting for the bus crowded adj. 擁擠的Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?1, 不定式做賓語(yǔ):want/ hope

36、/ expect/ plan to do21, learn from 從學(xué)習(xí) learn sth by heart 熟記 learn sth by oneself 自學(xué)3, plan to do sth/ plan on sth 計(jì)劃、打算做某事make a plan for 為制定計(jì)劃4, hope to do/ hope that 希望 (沒(méi)有 hope sb to do 的表達(dá))5, sth happen to sb/ sth 某人/物發(fā)生不幸的事eg: What happened to him?happen to do sth 碰巧做某事(拓展:happen偶然發(fā)生 take plac

37、e事先安排的、人為的發(fā)生 )6, expect (sb) to do 期待某人做某事7, one day某天(過(guò)去、將來(lái))常用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)8, mean v.意味著(三單為 means)meaning n. 意義、含義the meaning ofmeaningless adj. 毫無(wú)意義的meaningful 有意義的9, mind v. 介意 would/ do you mind (one s)(not) doing sth?I don t mind them.make up one s mind 下決心never mind 沒(méi)關(guān)系、不必?fù)?dān)心mind doing sth 介意做某

38、事10, think of 認(rèn)為、想起think about 認(rèn)為、考慮think over 仔細(xì)考慮11, be famous for因?yàn)槎ㄍ卣梗?be famous as作為而著名)12, appear v.出現(xiàn)(disappear消失) appearance n.出現(xiàn)、露面、夕卜表13, come out 出版、發(fā)表,出來(lái),開(kāi)花14, succeed 動(dòng)詞 成功 succeed in (doing) sth 成功地做某事success 名詞 成功successful 形容詞成功的be successful in (doing) sth 成功地做某事successfully 副詞 成

39、功地15, reason結(jié)論性原因(拓展:cause起因excuse借口)16, danger 名詞 危險(xiǎn) be in great danger 處于極大危險(xiǎn)中out of danger 脫離危險(xiǎn)dangerous形容詞危險(xiǎn)的(拓展:endangered adj.有滅絕危險(xiǎn)的)17, luck名詞運(yùn)氣一lucky形容詞 幸運(yùn)的(-unlucky不幸的)一luckily 副詞幸運(yùn)地18, be ready to do sth愿意做某事 get ready to do sth準(zhǔn)備去做某事 get ready for為做準(zhǔn)備19, a pair of+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù)做主語(yǔ), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)eg: A p

40、air of glasses is enough for me.20, take one s place to do sth 代替某人做某事21, do a good job 干得好22, wear 表狀態(tài),接服裝、手套、眼鏡、香水等put on表動(dòng)作,接服裝(-take off)dress 表動(dòng)作, 接 sb/ oneself get dressed 穿衣 dress up 盛裝打扮try on 試穿(動(dòng)副結(jié)構(gòu))try it on(be) in+ 顏色或衣服eg: The girl in a red coat is my sister.Unit 6 I am going to study c

41、omputer science1, be going to 表將來(lái)(計(jì)劃、打算)肯定:主語(yǔ)+ be going to+ 動(dòng)詞原形否定:主語(yǔ)+ be not going to+ 動(dòng)詞原形疑問(wèn):be+主語(yǔ)+ going to+動(dòng)詞原形There be 的將來(lái)時(shí):there is/ are going to be2, practice ( doing ) sth 練習(xí)做某事3, grow up 長(zhǎng)大4, keep doing sth 繼續(xù)不斷地做某事keep on doing sth 堅(jiān)持做某事keep sb doing sth 使某人持續(xù)做某事keep sb from doing sth= sto

42、p sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事5, be sure about/ of +名詞/動(dòng)詞ing/代詞對(duì)確信,有把握make sure 確保6, worry about be worried about 擔(dān)心7, medicine 不可數(shù) take medicine 吃藥 pill 可數(shù) 藥丸8, send sth to 把寄往send sth to sb= send sb sthSend sb to do派人去做send for派人去請(qǐng)send up發(fā)射 send out分發(fā) send off寄出9, be able to do 能夠做某事 able adj.能夠( d

43、isable)ability n.能力(fdisability )10, make promises 許諾promise to do sth 承諾做某事11, at the beginning of 在的開(kāi)始12, improve ones life 改善某人的生活improve oneself 提升自己self-improvement 自我提高13, write down 寫(xiě)下 動(dòng)副結(jié)構(gòu)14, have to do with 關(guān)于, 與 有關(guān) have nothing to do with 與無(wú)關(guān)15, take up 培養(yǎng),學(xué)著做,占用(時(shí)間、空間)16, one s own 某人自己的U

44、nit 7 Will people have robots1, will 表將來(lái)肯定:主語(yǔ)+ will+ V 原否定:主語(yǔ)+ will not (won t)+ V 原疑問(wèn): will+ 主語(yǔ) + V 原There be 的將來(lái)時(shí):there will be there won t be Will there be2,Do you know+ 陳述語(yǔ)序回答時(shí),針對(duì)從句部分回答 Do you know there will be a football match this afternoon? Yes, there will./ No, there won t3,at home in ones

45、home4, paperUC 紙張 a piece of paper paper C 報(bào)紙(=newspaper) 、論文、試卷5, In+時(shí)間段是指以現(xiàn)在時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)的"在一段時(shí)間以后",也可以表示"在將來(lái)多少時(shí)間之內(nèi) " ,句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。After常常指以過(guò)去時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)的"在一段時(shí)間之后", After+時(shí)間段常與過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài) 連用。當(dāng) after+ 時(shí)間點(diǎn),可以與將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)連用。Later 是副詞,"一段時(shí)間+later "表示"一段時(shí)間之后",用于過(guò)去時(shí);如果單獨(dú)使用,可與將來(lái)

46、時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)連用。Later on 后來(lái)6, pollute v. 污染Pollution UC 污染 white/ air/ water/ noise pollutionPolluted adj. 被污染的polluted water7, predict v. 預(yù)測(cè) prediction n. 預(yù)測(cè)8, on the earth 在地球上on earth 究竟in the earth 在地里9, save 拯救save the earth節(jié)約 save water/ money10, few-fewer-fewest+ C little-less-least+ UCfew, little 含有

47、否定意味,意味"幾乎沒(méi)有"a few, a little 含有肯定意味,意味"一點(diǎn),一些"11, SpaceUC太空,空間,一般情況下不與冠詞連用,如果 space前面有表示太空情況的 形容詞(如 dark,cold,airless )修飾,則可與定冠詞連用。SpaceC空間,空地(=room)RoomC 房間; UC 空間 Make room for. 為 .騰出空間PlaceC 指某一具體"地點(diǎn),地方"12, hundred, thousand(千,million(百萬(wàn))表示不確切的數(shù)目時(shí),在詞尾加s,M和of連用,表示 &quo

48、t; 數(shù)百,數(shù)千,數(shù)百萬(wàn)" 。當(dāng)這些詞前有數(shù)詞或 several,some等修飾詞時(shí)則 不加s也不跟介詞of連用,直接跟名詞。13, in the future 在將來(lái)in future= from now on 從今往后14, I/ We believe 接賓語(yǔ)從句,含有否定時(shí)要用否定轉(zhuǎn)移Believe sb 相信某人所為believe in 信任某人的為人,信仰15, over and over again 反復(fù),再三16, get bored 覺(jué)得無(wú)聊17, wake up 醒來(lái),叫醒(動(dòng)副結(jié)構(gòu))18, fall down 倒塌 ,19, During 指 "在 .時(shí)

49、間內(nèi),在.的期間",一般有明確的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度和起止時(shí)間。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常為持續(xù)性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),時(shí)間段前常有 限定詞(the,物主代詞等),表特指。during指動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的時(shí)間,回答when 的問(wèn)題。In "在 .時(shí)間內(nèi)", 一般情況下可以和during 互換, 用 in 時(shí)往往強(qiáng)調(diào)某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在某一時(shí)間段中的某一時(shí)間點(diǎn);during 既可用在"在整個(gè)時(shí)間段期間",也可用在"某時(shí)間段內(nèi)的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)"。For"(時(shí)間)長(zhǎng)達(dá)",強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間由始至終,動(dòng)作也貫穿這段時(shí)間的始終,可以和完成時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)連用。強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短,回

50、答how long 的問(wèn)題Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake1, 可數(shù)名詞C 與不可數(shù)名詞UC C 有復(fù)數(shù)形式,可以與定冠詞a/ an 連用a pen an orangeUC 沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式,不可以與定冠詞a/ an 連用 C 表示復(fù)數(shù)意義時(shí)可用many, a few 等詞修飾。如:many apples; a few pensUC 則要用 much、 a little 等詞修飾。如:much meat ; little water這兩類(lèi)名詞都可以被some、 any、 a lot of(lost of) 等修飾。 C 前面可用具體的數(shù)字修飾th

51、ree booksUC 要用 “數(shù)字 +量詞+of” 修飾a cup of tea, a piece of paper/ news/ chalk , a bottle of milk C 做主語(yǔ),主謂一致There is a book and two pens on the desk.There are two pens and a book on the desk.UC 做主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)There is some milk in the bottle.UC 做主語(yǔ),如果前面有復(fù)數(shù)名詞短語(yǔ)修飾,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。對(duì) C 提問(wèn)用how many對(duì) UC 提問(wèn)用 how muchThere a

52、re two bottles of milk on the table.How many bananas do we need?How much sugar do we need ?UC 前面有表示數(shù)量的名詞短語(yǔ)修飾時(shí),提問(wèn)用how manyHow many cups of tea are there on the table? 有的名詞,既可以做C又可以做UCFish 魚(yú),魚(yú)類(lèi)Room 房間Chicken 小雞Orange 橙子Work 作品,著作Exercise 練習(xí),操Time 次數(shù),倍數(shù)Glass 玻璃杯Paper報(bào)紙,論文,試卷Hair 幾根毛發(fā)魚(yú)肉空間-雞肉-橙汁-工作-運(yùn)動(dòng),鍛煉

53、-時(shí)間玻璃-紙張( fish 魚(yú),單復(fù)數(shù)同形,one fish 一條魚(yú),two fish 兩條魚(yú);two fishes 兩種魚(yú))2,祈使句要用動(dòng)詞原形,變否定加Don t3,Turn on 打開(kāi) turn off 關(guān)閉 turn up 調(diào)大,出現(xiàn)turn down 調(diào)小,拒絕4, Cut up 切碎=cut into piecescut sth in two/ half 將某物切成兩半5, Pour - into把倒進(jìn)一里pouout把倒出來(lái)6, Putin/ into 把放進(jìn)里put on穿上 put out熄滅 put down放下put up舉起,搭建 put away把收起來(lái)放好put

54、 off推遲7, Make 創(chuàng)造、生產(chǎn)、制造指用原材料做某種東西Do 干、做指做具體某項(xiàng)工作有關(guān) make 的短語(yǔ):make up 編造(故事、謊言)make the bed 鋪床 make tea 沏茶make a telephone call 打電話 make one' way to 往走去 make room for 為騰空間 make faces 做鬼臉make (a lot of )money 賺(許多)錢(qián)make a decision 做決定make sure務(wù)必make trouble 惹麻煩make friends 交朋友 make progress取得進(jìn)步make a

55、 living 謀生 make a visit 拜訪 make a mistake 犯錯(cuò)誤 make a noise 弄出噪音make up one s mind to do sth 下決心make it 約定時(shí)間及時(shí)趕到做到8, FirstNextThenFinally首先接下來(lái)然后.最后9, ten more minutes = another ten minutes基數(shù)詞 + more + 名詞 = another + 基數(shù)詞 + 名詞10, need to do sth.需要做某事Need doing= need to be done 需要被 一Needn t= don t have

56、to 不必要11, , addto把加到上Add to增加、添加 add up把加在一起add up to合計(jì)12, half a/ an 一半的 half a cup 半杯Half of+ n 做主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞取決于后面的nEg: Half of the books are novels.Half of his money was stolen.13, be always doing sth 總是做某事,14, It s time (for )stbo do sth. 到某人做某事的時(shí)候了。It s time for sth. 到做某事的時(shí)候了。There nos time to do sth 沒(méi)有時(shí)間做某事15在here, there 開(kāi)頭的倒裝句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與后面的名詞在數(shù)上保持一致。Eg: Here are some books for you.Here comes the bus.主語(yǔ)為代詞時(shí)不需要倒裝。Eg: Here he comes.16 , mix int

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