分析現(xiàn)階段發(fā)展服務(wù)外包業(yè)所面臨的困難

1、 分析現(xiàn)階段發(fā)展服務(wù)外包業(yè)所面臨的困難（1）規(guī)?？偭垦杆僭鲩L。我國已成為全球第二大離岸外包目的地國家，2010 年，我國在岸服務(wù)外包收入為 2381.2 億元人民幣，離岸服務(wù)外包收入 144.5 億美元。目前，全國服務(wù)外包企業(yè)超過 1 萬家，承接、交付能力不斷提高，外包企業(yè)共獲得六類國際資質(zhì)認證 2810 個，并涌現(xiàn)出一批員工數(shù)超萬人、營業(yè)額超億美元的領(lǐng)軍企業(yè)，如中軟國際、博彥科技、軟通動力等。（2）示范效應(yīng)明顯。2010年商務(wù)部確定北京、上海等21個城市為服務(wù)外包示范城市，在市場導(dǎo)向和政府推動的共同作用下，服務(wù)外包示范城市建設(shè)取得明顯成效，帶動效應(yīng)、輻射效應(yīng)、聚集效應(yīng)都十分明顯，這些示范城市

2、主要發(fā)展指標增幅均超過全國平均水平，執(zhí)行金額占全國的95，企業(yè)家數(shù)占78。( 1 ) the total scale rapid growth. China has become the world's second largest offshore outsourcing destination countries, in 2010, China's onshore service outsourcing income is yuan RMB, the offshore service outsourcing income of $. At present, more tha

3、n 1 national service outsourcing enterprises, to undertake, delivery capabilities continue to improve, outsourcing enterprises received a total of six international qualification certification 2810, and emerged a number of number of employees, turnover of over 10 thousand billion dollars over the le

4、ading enterprise, such as soft international, Beyondsoft, iSoftStone etc. ( 2 ) a significant demonstration effect. In 2010 the Ministry of Commerce to determine the 21 city of Beijing, Shanghai, for service outsourcing demonstration city, common role in promoting market orientation and government,

5、service outsourcing model city construction has made remarkable achievements, driven effect, radiation effect, agglomeration effect is very obvious, the increase of main development index of these demonstration city more than the national average level, the implementation of the amount accounted for

6、 95% of the country, a number of entrepreneurs accounted for 78%.長三角、珠三角、環(huán)渤海等地區(qū)已初步形成了以示范城市為核心的國際服務(wù)外包產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚帶，對中西部地區(qū)的產(chǎn)業(yè)輻射效應(yīng)凸顯。The Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, Bohai and other areas have formed a preliminary demonstration city as the core of the international service outsourcing industry a

7、gglomeration belt, highlights of industry radiation effects in the central and Western regions.（3）相關(guān)政策與措施不斷完善。國家制定了“十二五”國家服務(wù)外包發(fā)展規(guī)劃，標志著服務(wù)外包產(chǎn)業(yè)已經(jīng)上升到國家戰(zhàn)略層面，國家各部委陸續(xù)出臺了包括財稅、人才培訓(xùn)、大學(xué)生就業(yè)等20多項服務(wù)外包產(chǎn)業(yè)扶持政策。與此同時，綜合服務(wù)體系逐步建成，網(wǎng)絡(luò)、通信等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施進一步完善。( 3 ) the relevant policies and measures to improve. Countries have formula

8、ted the " development of the 12th Five-Year Plan " national service outsourcing, marks the service outsourcing industry has risen to the national strategic level, the ministries of the State Council promulgated including taxation, personnel training, the employment of college students and

9、more than 20 service outsourcing industry support policy. At the same time, comprehensive service system and gradually built, network, communication and other infrastructure to further improve the.二、承接服務(wù)外包的經(jīng)濟影響分析。Analysis of the economic effects of two, service outsourcing.服務(wù)外包對承接國的有利影響分析。（1）增加服務(wù)貿(mào)易出

10、口收入。2010年，我國服務(wù)外包業(yè)對外開放進一步擴大，離岸服務(wù)外包產(chǎn)業(yè)吸收外資規(guī)模和水平進一步提升，成為我國“引智”Analysis of service outsourcing on the beneficial effects of host country. ( 1 ) to increase the service trade export income. On 2010, the opening up of China's service outsourcing industry to further expand, offshore service outsourcing

11、industry to further enhance the absorption of foreign capital scale and level, become China's "introduction "的重要渠道。The important channel.由于服務(wù)外包的提供方式主要借助于遠程通訊手段，不直接接受海關(guān)的檢查，能夠有效地規(guī)避貿(mào)易壁壘，提高出口競爭力。Because of the way the service outsourcing is provided mainly by means of remote communication,

12、 not directly accept Customs checks, can effectively avoid trade barriers, improve the competitiveness of export.（2）促進產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級。( 2 ) to promote the upgrading of industrial structure.服務(wù)外包業(yè)與傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)相比，能耗下降20，產(chǎn)出卻高出20倍，成為一國發(fā)展低碳經(jīng)濟、實現(xiàn)節(jié)能減排的重要手段。還能改進服務(wù)業(yè)內(nèi)部的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，如近年來軟件開發(fā)、金融業(yè)服務(wù)外包的發(fā)展，推動了金融、保險、咨詢等服務(wù)業(yè)以及信息、電子等技術(shù)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型

13、。Service outsourcing industry, compared with the traditional industries, energy consumption fell 20%, the output is 20 times higher, become a country the development of low carbon economy, an important means to achieve energy-saving emission reduction. The internal industrial structure can improve t

14、he service industry, such as software development, financial service outsourcing in recent years, promoted the transformation of financial, insurance, consulting services and information, electronic technology intensive industry.（3）緩解就業(yè)壓力。( 3 ) to alleviate the employment pressure.研究表明，服務(wù)外包創(chuàng)造的就業(yè)機會是制

15、造業(yè)的25倍。Research shows that, the service outsourcing to create employment opportunities is manufacturing 2 5 times.截止2010年底，我國服務(wù)外包產(chǎn)業(yè)從業(yè)人員達到232.8萬人，大學(xué)生占75。2010年吸納大學(xué)生就業(yè)48.56萬人，占當年大學(xué)畢業(yè)生人數(shù)的7.7。By the end of 2010, China's service outsourcing industry practitioners to reach 2328000 people, college stude

16、nts accounted for 75%. Graduates' employment in 2010 485600 people, accounted for 7.7% of the number of University graduates.此外，服務(wù)外包業(yè)是典型的高收入行業(yè)，2009 年信息傳輸、計算機服務(wù)和軟件業(yè)的平均工資為 27730 元，是其他行業(yè)平均工資的 1.9 倍。（4）提升技術(shù)水平。服務(wù)外包具有技術(shù)知識密集型的特點決定了發(fā)包方和承包方在技術(shù)方面合作比較密切，相對于制造業(yè)外包，更容易提升承包方的技術(shù)水平，產(chǎn)生技術(shù)外溢效應(yīng)。如發(fā)包方為了保證產(chǎn)品符合質(zhì)量、規(guī)格的要求，

17、通常會對接包方的雇員進行相關(guān)的知識技能培訓(xùn)。In addition, the service outsourcing industry is a typical high income industry, in 2009 the average wage of information transmission, computer service and software industry was 27730 yuan, 1.9 times the industry average wage. ( 4 ) for improving the technical level of. Charact

18、eristics of service outsourcing has the technology and knowledge intensive decision outsourcer and contractor in the technical aspects of cooperation more closely, with respect to the manufacturing outsourcing, easier to upgrade the technological level of the contractor, technology spillover effect.

19、 If the employer in order to ensure the products meet the quality, specifications, usually knowledge skills training related to the employees of the package.2.服務(wù)外包對承接國的不利影響分析。（1）某些部門的發(fā)展過于依賴國外市場。盡管服務(wù)外包部門成為承接國經(jīng)濟的主要增長點，塑料土工格柵但若這些部門的發(fā)展過于依賴少數(shù)國家，將對一國的經(jīng)濟安全產(chǎn)生不利影響，容易增加經(jīng)濟動蕩的風(fēng)險。Analysis of 2 adverse impact to

20、undertake service outsourcing in china. ( 1 ) the development of some departments are too dependent on foreign markets. Although the service outsourcing sector to become the main growth points to economic development, but if these sectors is too dependent on a small number of countries, will have an

21、 adverse effect on a country's economic security, easy to increase the risk of economic instability.（2）拉大發(fā)包國與承接國的貧富差距。誠然，服務(wù)外包可以為發(fā)包的發(fā)達國家和接包的發(fā)展中國家雙方帶來收益，但前者的獲益遠大于后者。( 2 ) and the country to undertake the widening gap between the rich and the poor country with. Admittedly, service outsourcing can b

22、ring benefits to both the developed countries and the developing countries receive a bag, but the benefits far greater than the latter.印度雖是全球第一大承接目的地，但在承接領(lǐng)域方面仍處于產(chǎn)業(yè)價值鏈的中低端，這有些類似于加工貿(mào)易中原材料提供方獲得較多的利潤，梨苗而加工方只獲得少量的加工費，利益分配不公平。Although India is the world's largest undertake destination, but in the field is still in the industry value chain in the low-end, this