Unit2_Culture_Shock_1文化沖擊

1、Unit 2 Culture ShockUnit 2Unit 21.What is Culture Shock?Culture shock can be described as the feeling of confusion and disorientation that one experiences when faced with a large number of new and unfamiliar people and situations. (from College English, 2005,14th,10)當(dāng)人們?nèi)サ揭粋€(gè)與自己原來的文化迥異的地方時(shí)，絕大多數(shù)人都會經(jīng)歷一種

2、心理上的迷惑，這就是文化沖擊。 Robert Kohls（Survival Kit for Overseas Living) It means strong feelings of discomfort, fear, or anxiety, which people may have when they enter another culture.HospitalityHospitality means the cordial and generous reception of or disposition toward guests.對客人的熱誠慷慨的接待或安排。Two different

3、responses to different ways of hospitality: An English guest :Each time a new dish arrived, his parents would lean over and load my plate with tasty morsels. As they had taken all the trouble to cook it I just had to polish it off. As soon as my plate was empty they would put more on. Of course, I f

4、elt duty-bound to bear that too. A Chinese guest :Can you imagine how many dishes I had? One one a stew with meat and vegetables. The meat was over done and too hard to eat; green vegetables were no longer green. They never put food on your plate but just ask you to help yourself. If you, as a guest

5、, are shy or modest, waiting for the food to be put on your plate, you will remain half-starved.HospitalityWhats the problem?The Chinese student felt disappointed at British hospitality because she used the Chinese way of showing hospitality to judge the British one.If the story taking place in Chin

6、a, the westerner couldnt imagine that there should be sixteen dishes prepared for her. When she ate from the eight cold dishes, she couldnt eat anymore. It is because a Western meal normally severs one main course plus a starter and sweets or desserts. The fact is that different people in the world

7、show their different hospitality in different ways. Politeness Politeness refers to the consideration for others, tact, and observance of accepted social usage. 禮貌指的是為他人著想、老練、遵守被接受的社會規(guī)范。Politeness Some Chinese Students Views on Western Politeness:Foreigners never pretend to be modest. They just tell

8、 others what they think. If a Chinese person is faced with the same situation, maybe he or she would say, “ Im sorry. The restaurant is a little bit small and the dishes are just so-so, but I hope youll enjoy yourself.”When guests are to leave, the foreign hosts dont accompany guests to the gate upo

9、n leaving-taking. This happens because the foreigners are simply following their own cultural customs. If a Chinese host does like this, he will be considered a person withbad manners or no training and education. Therefore, there is a deep separation between Chinese conventions and foreigners.Priva

10、cyPrivacy could be understood as the right of an individual to self-determination as to the degree to which the individual is willing to share with others information about himself .個(gè)人自己決定愿在何種程度上與他人共享有關(guān)其個(gè)人的信息的權(quán)利。 PrivacySome Chinese Students Views on Western privacy: The westerners are not willing t

11、o let others know their income, age, marriage, and other privacy, especially to strangers. But as a Chinese student, even if we know their culture, I cant help doing things as our culture lets us do. The Western culture emphasizes individual independence. Parents always want their children to depend

12、 on themselves. The children are expected to depend on themselves. It has its historical and cultural reasons, Chinese parents love their children and will never let them in any danger. They want to keep an intimate relationship.Case studiesCase analysis:Shao Bin, a Chinese student studying in Brita

13、in, was once invited by her British classmate Brain to his house to cook a Chinese meal. Her two Chinese friends were also invited. They busied themselves in the kitchen, making dumpling while Brain did something in the garden and his wife sat on the sofa reading. Shao Bin felt a little upset for sh

14、e thought that both the host and the hostess should offer to help with the kitchen work. The meal was great and everyone enjoyed themselves. The couple kept complimenting them on their cooking skills and asked for the recipe. But then after the meal, the couple just put down their chopsticks and sta

15、rted minding their own business, leaving the Chinese guests to clear the table and do the dishes. Shao Bin felt absolutely confused or even angry. She concluded that . Case studiesThe Key to the Question: Guests to a Chinese family will never be allowed to do any housework. This is one of the ways t

16、he host and hostess show their hospitality. Even if the guests offer to cook a dish, the host or the hostess should stay around them and offer help whenever can. It is even harder to imagine that they would let their guests clear the table and do the dishes, though the guests should always volunteer

17、 help. Shao Bins meal at a British family sets a great contrast to her Chinese experience. This is why Shao Bin got angry. What she should do is to avoid a hasty conclusion. She should first observe the situation without judgment. And then analyze the situation using what she knows about the differe

18、nces between Chinese and British culture. Text 1 Making a Cultural Change Language Point acquaintance n U with sth/sb (often slight) knowledge of sth/sb 對某事物對某事物某人某人（常（常為略微的）了解為略微的）了解: He has some little acquaintance with the Japanese language. 他稍微會一點(diǎn)兒日語他稍微會一點(diǎn)兒日語. C person whom one knows but who is

19、not a close friend 相識而非密友者相識而非密友者; 泛泛泛泛之交之交: He has a wide circle of acquaintances. 他交游甚廣他交游甚廣. (idm 習(xí)語習(xí)語) have a nodding acquaintance with sb/sth know sb/sth slightly 與某人與某人有點(diǎn)頭之交有點(diǎn)頭之交; 對某事物略知一二對某事物略知一二: I have no more than a nodding acquaintance with her novels. 我對她寫的小說不甚了解我對她寫的小說不甚了解. make sbs acq

20、uaintance/make the acquaintance of sb： get to know sb; meet sb personally 結(jié)識某人結(jié)識某人; 與某人相見與某人相見: I made his acquaintance at a party. 我我是在一個(gè)聚會是在一個(gè)聚會 上認(rèn)識他的上認(rèn)識他的 symptom/smptm/N-COUNTA symptom of an illness is something wrong with your body or mind that is a sign of the illness. 癥狀例：One of the most comm

21、on symptoms of schizophrenia is hearing imaginary voices.精神分裂癥最常見的癥狀之一是幻聽。例：.patients with flu symptoms.有流感癥狀的病人。 depress/dprs/( depresses, depressing, depressed ) V-TIf someone or something depresses you, they make you feel sad and disappointed. 使沮喪 例：I must admit the state of the country depresses

22、 me. 我必須承認(rèn)國家的形勢令我沮喪。 hostility /hstlti/ N-UNCOUNT hostility is unfriendly or aggressive behavior toward people or ideas. 敵意; 敵對 例：There was open hostility between the two schools. 這兩所學(xué)校公開相互敵對。 hostility n U (to/towards sb/sth) being hostile (to sb/sth); antagonism; enmity 敵對敵對; 對抗對抗; 敵意敵意: feelings

23、of hostility 敵對情緒敵對情緒feel no hostility towards anyone 對任何人對任何人均無敵意均無敵意 show hostility to sb/sth 對某人對某人某事物某事物表表示敵意示敵意. inevitable If something is inevitable, it is certain to happen and cannot be prevented or avoided. 必然發(fā)生的 例：It was an inevitable consequence of the decision. 那是這個(gè)決定的必然后果。 located /lok

24、etd/ If something is located in a particular place, it is present or has been built there. 位于的FORMAL 例：A boutique and beauty salon are conveniently located within the grounds. 時(shí)裝與美容店就在院內(nèi)，很方便。dwell on(或 upon)1. (心里)老是想著，老是惦念著，惦記，不能釋懷；擔(dān)心著(某事)；細(xì)想： It doesnt do to dwell over much on ones painful memorie

25、s.過分沉溺于自己的痛苦回憶之中是不行的。to dwell on ones personal problems細(xì)想個(gè)人問題2. 詳述，詳論；喋喋不休地論述： to dwell on a question詳述一個(gè)問題Why do you keep dwelling upon that matter?你為什么一直在喋喋不休地講那個(gè)問題? In timewithin or before a fixed time及時(shí)及時(shí)*A stitch in time saves nine及時(shí)處理，事及時(shí)處理，事半功倍。半功倍。*You can rest assured that well finish the w

26、ork in time你放心吧，我們一定按時(shí)完你放心吧，我們一定按時(shí)完成任務(wù)。成任務(wù)。eventually; in the end ; after a while ; in the future不久；最終；將來不久；最終；將來*Youll get used to the weather in Nanjing in time你遲早會適應(yīng)南京的氣候的。你遲早會適應(yīng)南京的氣候的。*If you keep on trying, you will succeed in time只要你繼續(xù)努力，你遲早會成功只要你繼續(xù)努力，你遲早會成功 Bargain v (with sb) (about/over/for

27、 sth) discuss (with sb) prices, terms of trade, etc with the aim of buying or selling goods, or changing conditions, on terms that are favourable to oneself （與某人）討價(jià)還（與某人）討價(jià)還價(jià)價(jià); 洽談成交條件洽談成交條件; 談判談判: Dealers bargain with growers over the price of coffee. 商人與種植者就咖啡的價(jià)格進(jìn)行商洽商人與種植者就咖啡的價(jià)格進(jìn)行商洽. The unions bar

28、gained (with management) for a shorter working week. 工會為縮短工作周而（與資方）討價(jià)還價(jià)工會為縮短工作周而（與資方）討價(jià)還價(jià). symptom n change in the body that indicates an illness 癥狀癥狀: the rash that is a symptom of measles 麻疹癥狀呈現(xiàn)的疹子麻疹癥狀呈現(xiàn)的疹子. sign of the existence of sth bad （壞事的）（壞事的）徵兆徵兆, 徵候徵候: This demonstration was a symptom of

29、 discontent among the students. 這次示威表明學(xué)生中有不滿情緒這次示威表明學(xué)生中有不滿情緒. range v between A and B/from A to B vary or extend between specified limits 在在A和和B之間之間變化或變動變化或變動; 從從A延伸到延伸到B: Their ages range from 25 to 50. 他們的年齡在他們的年齡在25歲到歲到50歲之間歲之間. The frontier ranges from the northern hills to the southern coast. 邊

30、界從北部山地一直延伸到南部海岸邊界從北部山地一直延伸到南部海岸. His interests ranged from chess to canoeing. 他的愛好從下國際象棋到劃獨(dú)木舟他的愛好從下國際象棋到劃獨(dú)木舟, 范圍很廣范圍很廣. adapt v (oneself) (to sth) become adjusted to new conditions, etc 適應(yīng)（新環(huán)境等）適應(yīng)（新環(huán)境等）: Our eyes slowly adapted to the dark. 我們的眼睛慢慢地適應(yīng)了黑暗的環(huán)境我們的眼睛慢慢地適應(yīng)了黑暗的環(huán)境. She adapted (herself) qui

31、ckly to the new climate. 她很快地適應(yīng)了這種新的氣候她很快地適應(yīng)了這種新的氣候.Questions What is culture shock? What are the symptoms of culture shock? What are the cures of culture shock? Discussion What kind of people adjust best to foreign cultures? Talk about your difficulties in adapting to a new environment of the unive

32、rsity. It means strong feelings of discomfort, fear, or anxiety, which people may have when they enter another culture.Symptoms of culture shock Physical excessive washing of hands excessive concern over headaches stomach/back aches difficult to sleep well tend to feel tired Psychological helpless f

33、rustrated fear loneliness isolated anger aggression Honeymoon Phase Everything usually goes fairly smoothly.Rejection Phase The newcomer may encounter many problems in transportation, shopping, or interpersonal communication. You may feel that people may no longer care about your problem, and they dont like foreigners. The newcomer m