多工位級進(jìn)模設(shè)計-_文獻(xiàn)綜述

1、 1多工位級進(jìn)模的研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢1.1多工位級進(jìn)模的研究現(xiàn)狀 多工位級進(jìn)模是在普通級進(jìn)模的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來的一種高精度、高效率、長壽命的模具，是技術(shù)密集型模具的重要代表，是沖模發(fā)展方向之一。這種模具除進(jìn)行沖孔落料工作外，還可根據(jù)零件結(jié)構(gòu)的特點和成形性質(zhì)，完成壓筋、沖窩、彎曲、拉深等成形工序，甚至還可以在模具中完成裝配工序1-3。沖壓時，將帶料或條料由模具入口端送進(jìn)后，在嚴(yán)格控制步距精度的條件下，按照成形工藝安排的順序，通過各工位的連續(xù)沖壓，在最后工位經(jīng)沖裁或切斷后，便可沖制出符合產(chǎn)品要求的沖壓件。為保證多工位級進(jìn)模的正常工作，模具必須具有高精度的導(dǎo)向和準(zhǔn)確的定距系統(tǒng)，配備有自動送料、自動出件

2、、安全檢測等裝置。所以多工位級進(jìn)模與普通沖模相比要復(fù)雜，具有如下特點： （1）在一副模具中，可以完成包括沖裁，彎曲，拉深和成形等多道沖壓工序；減少了使用多副模具的周轉(zhuǎn)和重復(fù)定位過程，顯著提高了勞動生產(chǎn)率和設(shè)備利用率。 （2）由于在級進(jìn)模中工序可以分散在不同的工位上，故不存在復(fù)合模的“最小壁厚”問題，設(shè)計時還可根據(jù)模具強度和模具的裝配需要留出空工位，從而保證模具的強度和裝配空間4,5。 （3）多工位級進(jìn)模通常具有高精度的內(nèi)、外導(dǎo)向（除模架導(dǎo)向精度要求高外，還必須對細(xì)小凸模實施內(nèi)導(dǎo)向保護(hù)）和準(zhǔn)確的定距系統(tǒng)，以保證產(chǎn)品零件的加工精度和模具壽命。 （4）多工位級進(jìn)模常采用高速沖床生產(chǎn)沖壓件，模具采用了

3、自動送料、自動出件、安全檢測等自動化裝置，操作安全，具有較高的生產(chǎn)效率。目前，世界上最先進(jìn)的多工位級進(jìn)模工位數(shù)多達(dá) 50 多個，沖壓速度達(dá) 1000 次分以上。 （5）多工位級進(jìn)模結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，鑲塊較多，模具制造精度要求很高，給模具的制造、調(diào)試及維修帶來一定的難度。同時要求模具零件具有互換性，在模具零件磨損或損壞后要求更換迅速，方便，可靠。所以模具工作零件選材必須好（常采用高強度的高合金工具鋼、高速鋼或硬質(zhì)合金等材料），必須應(yīng)用慢走絲線切割加工、成型磨削、坐標(biāo)鏜、坐標(biāo)磨等先進(jìn)加工方法制造模具6。（6）多工位級進(jìn)模主要用于沖制厚度較薄（一般不超過2mm）、產(chǎn)量大，形狀復(fù)雜、精度要求較高的中、小型零件

4、。用這種模具沖制的零件，精度可達(dá) IT10 級。1.2多工位級進(jìn)模的發(fā)展趨勢隨著與國際接軌的腳步不斷加快，市場競爭的日益加劇，人們已經(jīng)越來越認(rèn)識到產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、成本和新產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)能力的重要性。近年來許多模具企業(yè)因此加大了用于技術(shù)進(jìn)步的投資力度，一些國內(nèi)模具企業(yè)已普及了二維CAD，并陸續(xù)開始使用UG、Pro/Engineer、I-DEAS等國際通用軟件，個別廠家還引進(jìn)了Moldf隨著與國際接軌的腳步不斷加快，市場競爭的日益加劇，人們已經(jīng)越來越認(rèn)識到產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、成本和新產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)能力的重要性7。近年來許多模具企業(yè)因此加大了用于技術(shù)進(jìn)步的投資力度，一些國內(nèi)模具企業(yè)已普及了二維CAD，并陸續(xù)開始使用UG、P

5、ro/Engineer、I-DEAS等國際通用軟件，個別廠家還引進(jìn)了Moldflow等CAE軟件，并成功應(yīng)用于多工位級進(jìn)模的設(shè)計中。 目前，以汽車覆蓋件模具為代表的大型沖壓模具的制造技術(shù)已取得很大進(jìn)步，東風(fēng)汽車公司模具廠、一汽模具中心等模具廠家已能生產(chǎn)部分轎車覆蓋件模具。此外，許多研究機構(gòu)和大專院校開展模具技術(shù)的研究和開發(fā)，在模具CAD/CAE/CAM技術(shù)方面取得了顯著進(jìn)步。例如，吉林大學(xué)汽車覆蓋件成型技術(shù)所獨立研制的汽車覆蓋件沖壓成型分析KMAS軟件，華中理工大學(xué)模具技術(shù)國家重點實驗室開發(fā)的注塑模、汽車覆蓋件模具和級進(jìn)模CAD/CAE/CAM軟件，上海交通大學(xué)模具CAD國家工程研究中心開發(fā)的

6、冷沖模和精沖研究中心開發(fā)的冷沖模和精沖模CAD軟件等8,9。 而多工位級進(jìn)模技術(shù)的發(fā)展應(yīng)該為適應(yīng)模具產(chǎn)品“交貨期短”、“精度高”、“質(zhì)量好”、“價格低”的要求服務(wù)。專家認(rèn)為，未來多工位級進(jìn)模具制造技術(shù)有以下幾大發(fā)展趨勢： (1)全面推廣CAD/CAM/CAE技術(shù) 模具CAD/CAM/CAE技術(shù)是模具設(shè)計制造的發(fā)展方向。隨著微機軟件的發(fā)展和進(jìn)步，普及CAD/CAM/CAE技術(shù)的條件已基本成熟，各企業(yè)將加大CAD/CAM技術(shù)培訓(xùn)和技術(shù)服務(wù)的力度；進(jìn)一步擴大CAE技術(shù)的應(yīng)用范圍10。計算機和網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展正使CAD/CAM/CAE技術(shù)跨地區(qū)、跨企業(yè)、跨院所地在整個行業(yè)中推廣成為可能，實現(xiàn)技術(shù)資源的重新整

7、合，使虛擬制造成為可能。 (2)高速銑削加工 國外近年來發(fā)展的高速銑削加工，大幅度提高了加工效率，并可獲得極高的表面光潔度。另外，還可加工高硬度模塊，還具有溫升低、熱變形小等優(yōu)點11。高速銑削加工技術(shù)的發(fā)展，對汽車、家電行業(yè)中大型型腔模具制造注入了新的活力。目前它已向更高的敏捷化、智能化、集成化方向發(fā)展。 (3)模具掃描及數(shù)字化系統(tǒng) 高速掃描機和模具掃描系統(tǒng)提供了從模型或?qū)嵨飹呙璧郊庸こ銎谕哪Ｐ退璧闹T多功能，大大縮短了模具的在研制制造周期。有些快速掃描系統(tǒng)，可快速安裝在已有的數(shù)控銑床及加工中心上，實現(xiàn)快速數(shù)據(jù)采集、自動生成各種不同數(shù)控系統(tǒng)的加工程序、不同格式的CAD數(shù)據(jù)，用于模具制造業(yè)的“

8、逆向工程”。模具掃描系統(tǒng)已在汽車、摩托車、家電等行業(yè)得到成功應(yīng)用，相信在“十五”期間將發(fā)揮更大的作用。 (4)電火花銑削加工 電火花銑削加工技術(shù)也稱為電火花創(chuàng)成加工技術(shù)，這是一種替代傳統(tǒng)的用成型電極加工型腔的新技術(shù)，它是有高速旋轉(zhuǎn)的簡單的管狀電極作三維或二維輪廓加工(像數(shù)控銑一樣)，因此不再需要制造復(fù)雜的成型電極，這顯然是電火花成形加工領(lǐng)域的重大發(fā)展12。國外已有使用這種技術(shù)的機床在模具加工中應(yīng)用。預(yù)計這一技術(shù)將得到發(fā)展。 (5)提高模具標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化程度 我國模具標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化程度正在不斷提高，估計目前我國模具標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件使用覆蓋率已達(dá)到30%左右。國外發(fā)達(dá)國家一般為80%左右。 (6)優(yōu)質(zhì)材料及先進(jìn)表面處理技術(shù)

9、 選用優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼材和應(yīng)用相應(yīng)的表面處理技術(shù)來提高模具的壽命就顯得十分必要。模具熱處理和表面處理是否能充分發(fā)揮模具鋼材料性能的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。模具熱處理的發(fā)展方向是采用真空熱處理。模具表面處理除完善應(yīng)發(fā)展工藝先進(jìn)的氣相沉積(TiN、TiC等)、等離子噴涂等技術(shù)。 (7)模具研磨拋光將自動化、智能化 模具表面的質(zhì)量對模具使用壽命、制件外觀質(zhì)量等方面均有較大的影響，研究自動化、智能化的研磨與拋光方法替代現(xiàn)有手工操作，以提高模具表面質(zhì)量是重要的發(fā)展趨勢。 (8)模具自動加工系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展 這是我國長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展的目標(biāo)。模具自動加工系統(tǒng)應(yīng)有多臺機床合理組合；配有隨行定位夾具或定位盤；有完整的機具、刀具數(shù)控庫；有完整的數(shù)控柔

10、性同步系統(tǒng)；有質(zhì)量監(jiān)測控制系統(tǒng)。 2我國多工位級進(jìn)模發(fā)展中的幾個問題級進(jìn)模的設(shè)計與制造，近幾年來在許多企業(yè)里無論是數(shù)量還是質(zhì)量水平上,都已經(jīng)有了一個較快的發(fā)展。但在此同時，與之相適應(yīng)的沖壓機床種類，對沖壓料的要求，以及級進(jìn)模選用的結(jié)構(gòu)類型和制造工藝等都必須更加引起我們的高重視和認(rèn)真對待，因為這是先進(jìn)的級進(jìn)模技術(shù)賴以采用，并得以充分發(fā)揮效益的基礎(chǔ)。2.1級進(jìn)模對中壓設(shè)備的要求我國生產(chǎn)的大部分100噸以下的中小型機械壓力機，幾十年來結(jié)構(gòu)上沒有大的變化。多數(shù)采用轉(zhuǎn)鍵或撥銷式剮性離合器，偏心凸輪式皮帶動器，不僅機床噪聲大，震動大，而且不能實現(xiàn)滑塊的寸瑣行程和瞬時緊急制動?；瑝K導(dǎo)向精度偏低，對側(cè)向力承受

11、能力差，行程多數(shù)也不可調(diào)節(jié)。這對于用級進(jìn)模生產(chǎn)是不夠理想的。主要體現(xiàn)在下幾個方面：(1)級進(jìn)模不可避免地存在著不同程度的側(cè)向力和壓力中心的偏移，因此不僅希望壓力機精度好，剛強，而且滑塊要能長期承受較大的側(cè)向力。(2)級進(jìn)模在連續(xù)生產(chǎn)中，為了避免因零件材料朱送到位，或發(fā)生較大的位置偏移，以及模具的局部故障等造成不正常沖壓時的模具損壞，一般希望在模具上設(shè)置有自動保護(hù)及安全檢測裝置。一旦出現(xiàn)上述各類故障，機床能在極短暫的一瞬問(通常在l00200毫秒)停止運動。這要求壓力機具有急停功能。以圖1所示為例，當(dāng)條料沒有送到正確的位置時，測桿便不能進(jìn)入條料上已沖出的孔內(nèi)。于是測桿被條料頂住，克服上面彈簧的壓

12、力而上移，利用其頂端斜面，迅速地推動微型開關(guān)而接通電路，從而對壓力機控制箱給出一個要求緊急停止的電信號。對于每分鐘速度為100沖次左右的壓力機，只要檢測桿部分精度可靠，參數(shù)合適，便完全可以在該沖次之內(nèi)，即模具閉合之前，使滑塊停止。類似的送料步距失誤檢測結(jié)構(gòu)還有電接觸式等幾種，在引進(jìn)的模具上常見，都屬于比較成熟的結(jié)構(gòu)，技術(shù)上一般沒有什么困難。有些復(fù)雜的級進(jìn)模，往往還同時裝有幾種檢測裝置，包括凸模損壞等各種不正常情況的檢測，以保護(hù)模具。(3)級進(jìn)摸生產(chǎn)均需配備自動送料器，對于厚料，還要有相應(yīng)的開卷、校平機。但我國目前的機械壓力機，大多不進(jìn)行這項配套13。若想選擇精度好，可靠性高，價格又適宜的送料器

13、，則更是一件不易之事。根據(jù)我們的體會，若配上好的自動送料器，同樣一副模具的刃磨壽命可提高310倍。(4)現(xiàn)在多數(shù)壓力機行程偏大，且不可調(diào)節(jié)。這對級進(jìn)模非常不利。級進(jìn)模固其本身結(jié)構(gòu)上的需要，通常希望在沖壓時導(dǎo)柱、導(dǎo)套不分離，以保證安全。對于行程次數(shù)在200次/分以下的壓力機一般要求5080mm的行程，最好還可以根據(jù)模具要求進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。目前國產(chǎn)的壓力機產(chǎn)品中，能滿足這一要求的品種還不多。一些新研制的高沖次的機床又行程過小，有的僅30mm 。2.2對金屬材料在規(guī)格、精度方面的要求級進(jìn)摸沖制是一個多道工序連續(xù)進(jìn)行的過程，模具在送進(jìn)方向上尺寸較長。因此對于沖壓材料的尺寸規(guī)范租精度、狀態(tài)等提出了一些相對嚴(yán)格

14、的質(zhì)量要求。反映在這樣幾個方面：(1)希望材料是較長的卷料，裁剪后的寬度公差通常小于0.2mm，且不能有明顯的毛刺等缺陷。(2)為了能保證零件在尺寸和形位誤差方面有較好的一致性，要求材料有較高的厚度精度和較為均勻的機械性能。尤其對于有壓彎和成形的零件，如果材料厚度誤差大，材料的軟硬狀態(tài)從料頭到料尾、邊緣和中間都不均勻，相對軋制方向的各向異性較大，則彎曲成型后角疲誤差，彎曲邊長度誤差等都會很大。而且許多零件由于排樣上的困難，不得不將壓彎線與軋制方向平行，從而在壓彎線上容易出現(xiàn)裂紋。2.3級進(jìn)模結(jié)構(gòu)對模具加工設(shè)備的要求級進(jìn)模由于加工精度要求較高國外大都采用坐標(biāo)磨床，慢走絲線切割機床等加工,國內(nèi)大多

15、數(shù)廠家并不具備這些先進(jìn)的高精度加工及檢測設(shè)各14。在這樣情況下，我們認(rèn)為，一方面要呼吁有廠家積極研制生產(chǎn)精度較高、適用(不終是最先進(jìn)的)、價格適中的坐標(biāo)磨床，模具磨床等精密加工機床，另一方面，模具的設(shè)計、制造者應(yīng)立足于現(xiàn)有普通設(shè)備條件，積極實行生產(chǎn)匝芑概念上的轉(zhuǎn)變，努力發(fā)展級進(jìn)模生產(chǎn)。在目前的階段，在結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計上應(yīng)注意加工工藝性方面的選擇。凸模形式的選擇比較簡單，通?？梢员M量采用直通形式，避免根部用凸緣固定，這樣有利于采用線切割方式加工，便于用投影儀檢查精度。必要時還可以用工具磨進(jìn)行精密修磨。對于凹模，這個問題較為復(fù)雜。在通常的設(shè)計規(guī)范上，級進(jìn)模的凹模結(jié)構(gòu)類型可分為整體式、鑲套式、分段拼合式、綜

16、合拼合式等多種。從高精度等結(jié)構(gòu)先進(jìn)性角度來看，分段或綜合拼合式自然具有無可爭辨的優(yōu)越性。但此類凹模要能夠成功并發(fā)揮其優(yōu)越性，有一基本條件便是必須要用坐標(biāo)磨床或高精度成型磨削工藝進(jìn)行加工。參考文獻(xiàn)1 王哲英，馬明旭，揚遠(yuǎn)龍.基于ProE的液晶顯示器支架的沖壓工藝與模具設(shè)計.黑龍江?。荷蜿柟I(yè)大學(xué)；2009.022 盧野.級進(jìn)模結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計中的幾個問題.貴州省：貴陽市華陽電工廠；1992.093 王信培. 我國級進(jìn)模發(fā)展中的幾個問題.福建省：廈門宏發(fā)電聲有限公司；1992.074 彭廣威. 基于PDX的電器接線卡多工位級進(jìn)模具設(shè)計.湖南省：株洲職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院；2009.045 陳永興,葛正浩. 基于PR

17、O/E2PDX的支架連續(xù)模設(shè)計.陜西?。宏兾骼砉W(xué)院；2009.096 Zone-Ching Lin , Chun-Yao Hsu . An Investigation of an Expert System for Shearing Cut Progressive Die Design . Taiwan: National Taiwan Institute of Technology,1996.117 李光華. 多工位級進(jìn)模高速沖壓時存在的問題及其對策.廣西桂林：桂林電器科學(xué)研究所；1999.118 曾霞文，胡彥輝. 介紹一種多工位級進(jìn)模的設(shè)計.湖南：湖南省工業(yè)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院；2003.019

18、 宋欣，傅旻，劉雅洪. 嵌入式插銷沖壓模具設(shè)計.天津：天津科技大學(xué)；2005.0310 王俊彪.多工位級進(jìn)模設(shè)計.西北工業(yè)大學(xué)出版社；1999.0111 姜伯軍. 多工位級進(jìn)模工藝零件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計.江蘇：常州繼電器總廠；2001.0112 胡國駿. 基于Pro/E的電機轉(zhuǎn)子片與定子片多工位級進(jìn)模設(shè)計.湖南：湖南工程學(xué)院；2005.0513 羅正斌. ProE技術(shù)在沖壓設(shè)計上的應(yīng)用.湖南省：婁底職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院；2008.0114 J.Y.Li,A.Y.C.Nee, B.T.Cheok . Integrated Feature-Based Modelling and Process Planning

19、of Bending Operations in Progressive Die Design . Singapore: National University of Singapore , 2002.0815 R.D.Jiang ，B.T.Lauw , A.Y.C.Nee . Insert design automation for progressive dies . Singapore: Institute of High Performance Computing ,2004.061 Station level in many of the research and developme

20、nt trend of the status quo1.1 Many station level in the course of Many station level in the course is normal to be set up on the basis of a kind of high-precision and efficiency, long service life of the mold and technology intensive die of a development direction of progressive metal stamping tooli

21、ng。This stencil off for a hole in the work, but according to the parts of the structure of the characteristics and properties, forming down and washed, bent, deep and concrete step, and even in the process of assembling the machine mold。The ram, with material or section of the mold into the entrance

22、 to the end, and to strictly control step from the conditions in accordance with the concrete process of order, through various station of the ram, in the final cut down or station fnx, it will be charged with the product requirements pitch out the matter。To ensure more station level of the normal w

23、ork in high precision tool must be oriented and accurate it is equipped with automatic system, material and automatically send out, the security device detection and。So many station level in the course of the ordinary classes of punches more. compared with the following special features： （1）In a too

24、l that can be completed, including at the deep and shape, and more stamp out the operation less ； use more than vice die turnover and positioning process, significant increase their productivity and equipment utilization some。 （2）As in the process can be dispersed into the course in different statio

25、n, it is not a composite of the "issue" mw minimum wall design molds is adjustable to strength and molds assembly needs to leave vacant 工位 to ensure that the strength of the mold and assemble space。 （3）Many station level in the course usually have a high accuracy in addition, external orie

26、nted （ be a guide for high precision, it must be implemented in a tiny ） and correct guidance to protect it from the system to ensure the products of the part of precision and stencil processing life。 （4）Station level in more often used at very high speed up production of the ram, mold adopted to au

27、tomatically, a detection and automation, security and safety of operation, high efficiency。At present, the world's advanced level in the course of many station, station for more than 50 multiple to stamp out the speed of time in more 。 （5）Station level in more complicated in structure, of course

28、, together with the demanding, mold manufacture, debug and maintain a certain degree of difficulty。To mold both parts of exchange. on mold parts worn or damaged after asking for change rapidly and convenient and reliable mould tool. therefore, work must be parts timber assortment （ often used of hig

29、h strength of steel, alloy steel tool with or exhibitions and other materials ）, we must take care of application processing and pelletized thread cutting, grinding and coordinate, coordinates worn for the chamber process manufacture of mould advanced。（6）Many station level is primarily used to be ru

30、shed into the thickness of a thin （ do not usually exceed 2mm ）, production big and shaped complex and require a high precision, small parts. this tool at the parts and components for it10 level.1.2 Station level in many of the development trendAs to the international rulv the pace has been accelera

31、ted and market competition increasing, it has been increasingly recognized the quality, costs and the new product developing ability of the importance of。In recent years many machine mold is up for the technological progress, some of the mold business has been popular two-dimensional cad, and began

32、to start using ug, pro deas engineer, i wait for international use of software, individual manufacturers also imported moldf as to the international rulv the pace has been accelerated and market competition increasing, it has been increasingly recognized the quality, costs and the new product develo

33、ping ability of the importance of。In recent years many machine mold is up for the technological progress, some of the mold business has been popular two-dimensional cad, and began to start using ug, pro deas engineer, i wait for international use of software, individual manufacturers also imported m

34、oldflow, cae software, and more successful application in modal station level in the design of。 At present, the car covered with mould of a large stamp out the machine mold manufacture has made great progress and the mould factory car company, faw's mold center and mould factory had to part with

35、 a mold car production。In addition, many studies and tertiary institutions in mold technological research and development in die cad, cae cam technology has made remarkable progress。For example, and jilin university car covered with a core technology and independent development of the car with a sta

36、mp out of shape kmas software analysis, central university of sculptural techniques of the development of key state laboratory injection mould, the car with a mold and the level of the module into cad cae, cam software shanghai university die cad the state engineering research centres the developmen

37、t of the cold and was a progressive metal stamping tooling up research center of the cold developed progressive metal stamping tooling and a progressive metal stamping tooling cad software。 More station level in technological development should be to mold a short delivery of products "" an

38、d "high precision," and "quality", "low" services. experts believe that the future more 工位 together technological level in the following major trend： (1) Comprehensive promotion of cad cam cae technology Die cad cam cae technology is a tool designed and manufactured in

39、the direction of development. as computer software development and progress, cad cam cae technical terms is ripe, and all enterprises will expand cad cam technical training and technical service of ； further expand the scope of application cae。Computer and network development is that the cad, cae th

40、e cam technology and across enterprises institute in the industry to make it possible to implement technical resources in the reshaping, making a virtual。 (2) High speed milling for sliding guide Abroad in recent years to develop high-speed milling machine, a chance to the efficiency and to the surf

41、ace finish is very high. in addition, it is also high strength for processing module and a low heat deforms temperature rise, the advantages of。A processing speed innovation of technology, auto, household appliances industry in large type of mold manufacture a new vitality into. now it has to be qui

42、ck, direction, integration。 (3) Tool scans and digital systems High-speed "scanners and stencil scans provide a model or scan to work out in the model of the many functions, has greatly narrowed the molds on the development of manufacturing cycle。Some rapidly scan system, but the rapid installa

43、tion of the existing digit control machine tool milling machine and processing center, achieving rapid data collection and automatically generate various digit control machine tool systems the processing procedures, the cad, to mold manufacture of the "reverse engineering"。Tool scans the s

44、ystem has been in cars, motorcycles and electrical household appliances industry was successfully applied in the five-year period will play a greater role。 (4) Research on electro-discharge milling with tilting shaft Electrical sparkle a processing technology innovation is also called電火花in the proce

45、ssing technology, as it is a substitute for traditional with centerline electrode fabrication a new technology, it is a fast rotating column of simple tubular electrode make a two-dimensional or three-dimensional in processing (like digit control machine tool milling), so as to produce a complicated

46、 molding electrode, this is obviously electrical sparkle concrete process of the important development。Abroad have been using the technology of machine tools in a stencil processing of applications. it is expected that this technology will develop。 (5) Mold degree of standardization The country leve

47、l is to improve their standards together, our standards of the mold using coverage has reached 30% or so foreign countries. in general, about 80%。 (6) High quality material and advanced surface treatment technology Use high-quality steel and application of the surface treatment technology for improv

48、ing the life of the machine mold is necessary to mold and surface treatment. treatment is full of mold steel material performance of the key link。Mold heat treatment is development direction of the treatment a vacuum. mold surface treatment should be developed in the process of the sedimentary (tin,

49、 for the tic), plasma spray application for。 (7) Mold lapping will be automated, intellectualized Mold surface to mold the quality of life, a look of the quality as a greater impact and automation, intellectualized abrasive and polishing way substitute for existing hand to improve the quality of the

50、 machine mold is an important trend。 (8) Stencil processing system of automatic This is our long-term development objectives. stencil an automatic processing system should be more reasonable the combination ； machine with a means or location of the corporation, a complete ； tool digit control machin

51、e tool ； a whole library system digit control machine tool the synchronization ； quality monitoring and control systems。 2 More station level in our country also developing a few questionsLevel in the design and manufacture of mould, in recent years in many businesses in both the quantity or quality

52、, we also have a relatively rapid growth. but at the same time, to meet the types of machine stamp out the material requirements, and steps into the course of construction and manufacturing process, we must be more high value and seriously, because this is the advanced level in technical can be adop

53、ted and its economic performance.2.1 Level in the course of the equipment required for medium pressure (m.p.)Production of 100 tons of small and medium pressures and mechanical decades structure no big change. most of the change button or the market in the clutch and the sexual bias 剮 輪式 leather mac

54、hine tools, not only the noise and vibration, and could not achieve the slider inch of the journey and transient emergency brake. sliders guidance precision is low, the ability to withstand the force, the majority or adjustable for use. this level in the course of production is not an ideal。Mainly e

55、mbodied in the next several areas：(1) Level in the course will inevitably there are different levels of stress and to the force center is not only wish to stress that the accuracy, strong, and the slider to long withstand the big to force。(2) In successive steps in the course of production, in order

56、 to avoid parts of the material to, or a larger place, and partial offset the machine mold is abnormal for a stamp out of the mold damage, when the tool set on the protection and safety inspection unit。If all the above-mentioned, the machine can turn on a brief moment to ask (usually in the 100 200

57、ms) stop movement. this requires the pressure of a corporation has stopped functioning.As shown in figure 1, for example, when the material was sent to the correct location, this club, he can't enter the section had been rushed out of the hole. then the measuring rod was the material against and

58、 overcome stress on the up ramp, the use of the top and promote the switch and is made, and thereby the pressure of the control box to a request for urgent up electrical signal. for the rate of around 100 at times of stress, as long as the testing of the relable accuracy and fit, may be in止。Similar to the material error was detected steps from the structure is the exposure of several restaurants in the introduction of the mold on a common, were of relatively mature technology in the structure, usually without any dif