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1、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差(Std Dev,Standard Deviation)-統(tǒng)計學(xué)名詞。一種量度數(shù)據(jù)分布的分散程度之標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，用以衡量數(shù)據(jù)值偏離算術(shù)平均值 的程度。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差越小，這些值偏離平均值就越少，反之亦然。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差的大小可通過標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差與平均值的倍率關(guān)系來衡量。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差公式：S = Sqr(刀(xn -x撥)A2 /(n-1)公式中 刀代表總和，x撥代表x的算術(shù)平均值，A2代表二次方，Sqr代表平方根。例：有一組數(shù)字分別是200、50、100、200，求它們的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差。x 撥 =(200+50+100+200)/4= 550/4= 137.5SA2 = (200-137.5)A2+(50-137

2、.5)A2+(100-137.5)A2+(200-137.5)A2/(4-1)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差S = Sqr(SA2)STDEV基于樣本估算標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差反映數(shù)值相對于平均值(mean)的離散程度。t分布表n0.250.20.150.10.050.0250.010.0050.00250.0010.000511.0001.3761.9633.0786.31412.7131.8263.66127.3318.3636.620.8161.0611.3861.8862.9204.3036.9659.92514.0922.3331.6030.7650.9781.2501.6382.3533.1824.5415

3、.8417.45310.2112.9240.7410.9411.1901.5332.1322.7763.7474.6045.5987.1738.61050.7270.9201.1561.4762.0152.5713.3654.0324.7735.8936.86960.7180.9061.1341.4401.9432.4473.1433.7074.3175.2085.95970.7110.8961.1191.4151.8952.3652.9983.4994.0294.7855.40880.7060.8891.1081.3971.8602.3062.8963.3553.8334.5015.0419

4、0.7030.8831.1001.3831.8332.2622.8213.2503.6904.2974.781100.7000.8791.0931.3721.8122.2282.7643.1693.5814.1444.587110.6970.8761.0881.3631.7962.2012.7183.1063.4974.0254.437120.6950.8731.0831.3561.7822.1792.6813.0553.4283.9304.318130.6940.8701.0791.3501.7712.1602.6503.0123.3723.8524.221140.6920.8681.076

5、1.3451.7612.1452.6242.9773.3263.7874.140150.6910.8661.0741.3411.7532.1312.6022.9473.2863.7334.073160.6900.8651.0711.3371.7462.1202.5832.9213.2523.6864.015170.6890.8631.0691.3331.7402.1102.5672.8983.2223.6463.965180.6880.8621.0671.3301.7342.1012.5522.8783.1973.6103.922190.6880.8611.0661.3281.7292.093

6、2.5392.8613.1743.5793.883200.6870.8601.0641.3251.7252.0862.5282.8453.1533.5523.850210.6860.8591.0631.3231.7212.0802.5182.8313.1353.5273.819220.6860.8581.0611.3211.7172.0742.5082.8193.1193.5053.792230.6850.8581.0601.3191.7142.0692.5002.8073.1043.4853.767240.6850.8571.0591.3181.7112.0642.4922.7973.091

7、3.4673.745250.6840.8561.0581.3161.7082.0602.4852.7873.0783.4503.725260.6840.8561.0581.3151.7062.0562.4792.7793.0673.4353.707270.6840.8551.0571.3141.7032.0522.4732.7713.0573.4213.690280.6830.8551.0561.3131.7012.0482.4672.7633.0473.4083.674290.6830.8541.0551.3111.6992.0452.4622.7563.0383.3963.659300.6

8、830.8541.0551.3101.6972.0422.4572.7503.0303.3853.646400.6810.8511.0501.3031.6842.0212.4232.7042.9713.3073.551500.6790.8491.0471.2991.6762.0092.4032.6782.9373.2613.496600.6790.8481.0451.2961.6712.0002.3902.6602.9153.2323.460800.6780.8461.0431.2921.6641.9902.3742.6392.8873.1953.4161000.6770.8451.0421.2901.6601.9842.3642.6262.8713

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