初中英語(yǔ)主謂一致的用法與專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題帶答案

1、初中英語(yǔ)主謂一致的用法及專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題一、主謂一致三原則主謂一致是指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致，主謂一致必須遵循三 原則：語(yǔ)法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則。1 .語(yǔ)法一致原則：指主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語(yǔ)也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Tom is a good student.湯姆是個(gè)好學(xué)生。They often play football on the playground.他們經(jīng)常在操場(chǎng)上踢足球。2 .意義一致：指主語(yǔ)形式上為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；或主語(yǔ)形式上為復(fù)數(shù)，但表示單數(shù)意義，這是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。My family is havin

2、g lunch now. 我們一家人現(xiàn)在正吃午飯。My family has moved three times. 我們家搬過(guò) 3 次。3 .就近一致：指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式，取決于最靠近他的主語(yǔ)。例如：Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不僅老師喜歡踢足球，而且他的學(xué)生也喜歡踢足球。There is a pen and some books on the desk.課桌上有支車(chē)岡筆和些書(shū) 。二、主謂一致?？碱}型1 .單數(shù)名詞（代詞），不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式，復(fù)數(shù)名詞（代詞）作

3、主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The desk is Tom這5K桌子是湯姆的。Some water is in the bottle.一些水在瓶子里。The students are playing football on the playground.這些學(xué)生正在操場(chǎng)上踢足球。2 . many a+單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，意義雖為許多”，但謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式。Many a student has been to Shanghai.許多學(xué)生至U過(guò)上海 。3 . more than one+ 單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。More than one student has ever been to Beijing

4、.不止一個(gè)學(xué)生曾經(jīng)去過(guò)北京。4 .表示時(shí)間，價(jià)格，重量，數(shù)目，長(zhǎng)度，數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算等的詞或短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí) 這些通常作一個(gè)整體概念，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。例如：Two months is a long holiday. 兩個(gè)月是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)假 。Twenty pounds isn ' t so heaVy.錠肝不太重。Ten miles isn ' t a long distanc豉10并不是一段很長(zhǎng)的距離。Five minus four is one. 5 減 4 等于 1。但是，如果時(shí)間，距離，價(jià)格，度量衡的服飾名詞與pass,goby ,waste,use,spend等詞連用時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)

5、，如：Five years has passed since I joined the Party. 我入黨 5 年了。5 .主語(yǔ)是each/every+單數(shù)名詞+and(each/every)+單數(shù)名詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 單數(shù)。Each boy and each girl has got a seat.每個(gè)男孩和女孩都有一個(gè)座位 。Every man and every woman is at work.每個(gè)男人和女人者B在工作 。6. one and a half+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。One and a half hours is enough.一個(gè)半小時(shí)足夠了7. 一個(gè)動(dòng)詞

6、不定式，動(dòng)名詞，主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式To see is to believe.眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼睛保健操對(duì)你的眼睛十分有益兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式，動(dòng)名詞，主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。What he says and what he does do not agree.他言行不一。Swimming in summer and skating in winter are his great pleasure.更游泳,冬滑雪是他最大的樂(lè)趣。8. a/an+單數(shù)名詞+or two 作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

7、A student or two has failed the exam.一兩個(gè)學(xué)生考試不及格。比較：one or two +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用用復(fù)數(shù)。One or two students were planting trees yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午有 一兩個(gè)學(xué)生在種樹(shù)。9.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)部分含有 with, together with, along with, as well as, as much as,including,besides, except, but, in addition to , like,rather than 等介詞或介 詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，

8、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式通常由句首主語(yǔ)來(lái)決定，在這樣的句子里，這些詞所引導(dǎo)的詞組不影響主語(yǔ)自身的單復(fù)數(shù)形式，它們?cè)诰渥又衅鋵?shí)是狀語(yǔ)。Mike with his parents has been to England. 邁克同他的父母去過(guò)英格蘭。Mike's parents with Mike has been to England.邁克父母同邁克去過(guò)英格,. o10.由and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)般用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但是(1)如果and所連接的并列主語(yǔ)是同一個(gè)人，事物，或概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 用單數(shù)。這時(shí)，名詞雖由and連接，但只有一個(gè)限定詞：a/the+單數(shù)名詞 +and+單數(shù)名詞，指的是同一

9、個(gè)人或物，兩個(gè)限定詞：a/the+單數(shù)名詞+and a/the+單數(shù)名詞，指兩個(gè)人或物。The writer and teacher is coming.那位作家兼教師來(lái)了。(作家和教師指同一個(gè)人)The writer and the teacher are coming.作家和老師來(lái)了。(作家和老師是兩個(gè)人)(2)兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞用and連接表示不可分割的整體做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，位于用單數(shù)， 如：Bread and butter is their daily food.面包和黃油是他們的日常食物 。這類(lèi)詞常見(jiàn)有：war and peaceiron and steeltruth and honestya k

10、nife and fork(3) 在 eachand each,every .and every,no .and no,many a .and many a等and鏈接并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Every man and every woman has work.每個(gè)男人和女人者B有工作 。No sound and no voiceis heard for a long while.很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到一點(diǎn)兒聲音。11 . people, police等集體名詞作主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式,family, class,group, team等集體名詞作主語(yǔ)，若指一個(gè)整體時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)

11、形式，若指 一個(gè)具體成員時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。People here are very friendly.這兒的人彳艮友好 。His family isn '他arge人不多。My family all like watching TV.我們一家人都喜歡看電視。12 . 不定代詞 somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody,everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing 作主語(yǔ), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Is everyone here today.今天大家至U齊了 嗎 ?So

12、mething is wrong with him. 他有毛病。Nobody was in.沒(méi)有人在家。13 . each, either, neither, another, the other 作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Each of them has an English dictionary.他們每人都有一本英語(yǔ)詞典 。Neither answer is correct.兩個(gè)答案都不正確 。14 .以一s結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語(yǔ)通常用單數(shù)形式，如news, maths, physics 等,No news is good news.沒(méi)有消息就是好消息。Maths is very

13、 popular in our class 在我們班數(shù)學(xué)很受歡迎。15 .由bothand連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；由or, either or ， neither notnorly， but also not , but 連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，根據(jù)就近原則決定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。Either my wife or I am going.Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer.Not only you but also he is ready to leave.如果either, each, neither作

14、主語(yǔ)，則動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)形式。Each of us has his likes and dislikes.Neither of the books is very interesting.16 .如果主語(yǔ)是由“ a series of, a kind of, a portion of 等+名詞”構(gòu)成時(shí)，動(dòng) 詞一般用單數(shù)形式。A series of pre-recorded taps has been prepared for language laboratory use.但a variety of, a number of, a group of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式；而 the num

15、ber of/the variety of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。On exhibition there are a great variety of consumer goods.The number of the students is over eight hundred17 .以here, there開(kāi)頭的句子,若主語(yǔ)在兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常與臨 近的主語(yǔ)一致。There is a book and three pens on the desk.Here are some books and paper for you.18 . the+形容詞表示一類(lèi)人時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用

16、復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示抽象概念時(shí)，用單 數(shù)形式。The poor are very happy, but the rich are sad.The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。學(xué)習(xí)參考19.one and a half+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式One and a half bananas is left on table.桌子上還有一根半香蕉。20 .what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，當(dāng)它表示復(fù)數(shù)意義時(shí)，位于動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。What he wanted are some books.他想要的只是幾本書(shū)。21 .兩個(gè)形容詞共同修飾一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞，若兩個(gè)形容詞都帶有冠詞，作主

17、語(yǔ)時(shí)， 謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)；若只有一個(gè)冠詞是，表示一個(gè)人或物，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。The red and the white coat are mine.The black and white cow is mine.22 .由兩部分構(gòu)成的物體：shoes , glasses, trousers , gloves, scissors等復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。His black trousers are too long.他的那條黑色褲子太長(zhǎng)了 。但是，若這類(lèi)名詞與a pair連用時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。There is a pair of glasses on your bed.你的床上有衣

18、4;眼鏡 。23 .a kind of , this kind of ,many kinds of+ 名詞 和名詞 +of this kind 以及由 kind意思相似的type,sort等構(gòu)成的的類(lèi)似的短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與of前 面的名詞保持一致,如：A new type of machine is on sale now.Machines of this new type are made in Zhejiang.This kind of apples is highly priced.注意：如果種類(lèi)不是一種而是多種，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)。There are many kinds of p

19、earsin shops.24 .主語(yǔ)由肯定及否定兩部分構(gòu)成時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)和肯定部分一致。Not you but I am to answer for it.三、肯定與否定一致下列形容詞、副詞、代詞從肯定句變成否定句時(shí)須作相應(yīng)的變化。We've had some (money). f We haven't had any (money).I was talking to someone.f I wasn't talking to anyone.They sometimes visit us.f They rarely (never, seldom) visit us.He h

20、as arrived already. f He hasn't arrived yet.Li is coming too.f Li isn't coming either.Both of us are going.f Neither of us is going.He likes both of them.f He doesn't like either of them.注意：so/neither+助動(dòng)詞+名詞/代詞結(jié)構(gòu)中須用倒裝語(yǔ)序。My wife likes classic music very much and so do I.She doesn't li

21、ke jazz and neither do I.主謂一致專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)題1. Either Jane or Steven watching TV now.A. were B. is C. was D. are2. Two days enough for me to finish the work, I need a third day.A. isn ' t B. is C. aren ' t D. are3. How many lessons do you usually have a day?Six lessons a day. And each of then 45 minut

22、es.A. last B. lasts C. have D. are4. Neither Li Ping nor I a basketball player.A. amB. isC. beD. are5. There many new words in lesson one, It is very easy.A. is B. aren ' t C. isn ' t D. are6. The number of the students in our school 1200.A. is B. are C. has D. have7. Maths my favorite subje

23、ct.A. be B. is C. am D. are8. The boy with the two dogs when the earthquake rocked the city.A. were sleeping B. is sleeping C. was sleeping D. are sleeping9. Every one except Tom and John there when the meeting began.A. are B. is C. were D. was10. That place is not interesting at all,of us wants to

24、go there.A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Some11. Nobody but Jane the secret.A. know B. knows C. have know D. is12. What ' s on the plate? Some eggs and cakes on it?There some eggs and cakes on it.A. is B. are C. was D. were13. This pair of glasses mine.A. are B. be C. is D. will be14. Both Lily and

25、 Lucy to the party yesterday.A. invited B. was invited C. had invited D. were invited15. Two months quite a long time.Yes, I ' m afraid thawhe miss lots of his lessons.A. is B. are C. was D. were16. In the city the old.A. take good care ofB. are taken good care ofC. is taken good care ofD. are b

26、een taken good care of17. His family all very kind and friendly, His family a happy one.A. are, is B. is, is C. are, are D. is, are18. The singer and the dancer come to Beijing.A. has B. have C. are D. is19. The children in this class each new school bag.A. have B. has C. has got D. are having20. Al

27、l but one here just now.A. is B. was C. has been D. were21. If Bob's wife won't agree to go on holiday in winter,.A. neither he will B. neither won't he C. neither will he D. he won't neither22. I haven't finished my homework yet.A. so has he B. Neither he has C. He has too D. He

28、 hasn't either23. "I'm going to visit the LuGou Bridge tomorrow. ”“ .A. I am so B. So am I C. So go I D. So I go24. You as well as he to blame（責(zé)備）for the accident （ 交通事故）.A. areB. isC. haveD. has25. Neither my wife nor I myself able to teach my daughter to singEnglish songs.A. has been

29、B. is C. are D. am主謂一致練習(xí)題參考答案(1) .B (2). A (3). B (4). A (5). B (6). A (7). B (8). C (9). D (10).A (11).B (12).B (13).C (14) D . (15).A(16).B (17).A (18).B (19).A (20)D (21).C (22). D (23). B (24). A (25). D主謂一致練習(xí)題2I .從所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。( )1. Collecting stamps my hobby.A. is B. are C. has D. have( )2.

30、The lady with her little son walking along the lake now.A. is B. are C. was D. were( )3. Both of the twin girls wearing red clothes today.A. is B. are C. want D. wants( )4. Each of the students a Walkman.A. have B. has C. there is D. there are( )5. All of my money stolen last night.A. is B. was C. h

31、as D. have( )6. The police for the robbers now.A. is searching B. are searchingC. is searched D. are searched( )7. Half of the students from abroad.d better take a taxi.t tell others.A. is B. are C. comes D. has come( )8. Two kilometers a long way. YouA. is B. are C. was D. were( )9. Most of the cou

32、ntry grassland.A. there are B. there is C. are D. is()10. What I have told you a secret. Please donA. are B. is C. keep D. keeps( )11. Not only you but also he the exam.A. was passed B. has passedC. had passed D. is passed( )12. This pair of glasses me well.A. fit B. fitsC. have fitted D. is fitted(

33、 )13. Physics a course that every student must take.A. have B. has C. is D. are( )14. Who the two women talking over there?A. is B. are C. was D. be( )15. Every boy and every girl in new clothes today.A. is B. are C. wear D. dresses( )16. Chinese by the largest number of people.A. is speaking B. spe

34、akC. speaks D. is spoken( )17. A letter sent between computers called an e-mail.A. are B. is C. have D. has()18. The population of this town 300, 000.A. are B. is C. have D. has( )19. What the number of the workers in the factory?Two thousand. And a large number of them women.A. is; is B. is; areC.

35、are; is D. are; are( )20. this pair of shoes yours? No. My shoes under the bed.A. Is; is B. Are; areC. Is; are D. Are; is()21. In the city the old.A. take good care ofB. are taken good care ofC. is taken good care ofD. takes good care of( )22. The Greens getting ready for their journey.A. is B. prep

36、areC. prepares D. are( )23. The musician and writer to visit our school.A. is coming B. are comingC. enjoys D. enjoy( )24. None of the money his.A. belong to B. are C. is D. hass very fond of cookir( )25. Do you like watching cooking programmes on TV?No, I don ' t, but my twin brother. HeA. does

37、 B. do C. is D. are( )26. Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began.A. are B. is C. were D. was()27. We ' ve got two TV sets, but works well.A. any B. both C. either D. neither( )28. The headmaster as well as all the teachers.A. are having a meetingB. have gone to the museumC. is

38、 planting trees on the hillD. feel very excited about the prize( )29. Two fifths of them Young Pioneers.A. is B. are C. join to D. joins( )30. The music they played very wonderful.A. is B. sound C. are D. listens( )31.you he is able to ski, but I am.A. Both; and B. Not only; but alsoC. Either; or D.

39、 Neither; nor( )32. His family all very kind and friendly. His family a happy one.A. are; is B. is; is C. are; are D. is; are( )33. Do you need more time to finish the work?Yes, another ten days enough.A. are B. is C. were D. was( )34. How time flies! Ten years passed.A. have B. has C. is D. are( )3

40、5. This pair of jeans Tina' s.A. are B. is C. be D. am( )36. -How many classes do you usually have a day?Six classes a day. And each of them 45 minutes.A. last B. lasts C. have D. are()37. Neither Li Ming nor I a basketball player.A. am B. isC. belong to D. belongs to( )38. There many new words

41、in lesson one. It is very easy.A. is B. aren C. isn D: are()39. Nobody but Jane the secret.A. know B. knowsC. don ' t kncDw have known()40. What ' s on the ate?There some eggs and cakes on it.A. is B. are C. was D. were()41. All but one here just now.A. is B. was C. has been D. were( )42. Neither the teacher nor the students in the classroom at thatmoment.A. were B. was C. weren D. wasn ' t( )43. There enough food in the fridg